About the Author

The information in this oriental rug guide was compiled by persian rug expert Barry O’Connell, Senior Fellow Academy of Oriental Rugs.

Author’s Notes
Below are the author’s notes.  These notes are referenced in various areas of the guide.  Here is a link to books sometimes cited by the author.

Notes on A. Cecil Edwards
Edwards is considered by many people the single greatest western expert on The Persian Carpet. If he isn’t then he is among the very best.
Edwards was the buyer for OCM the major British importer and he traveled extensively in Persia buying carpets for 14 years.
Edwards, A. Cecil. The Persian Carpet. London 1953. The standard text on the subject.
Edwards, A. Cecil. The Persian Carpet. London: 1991.
Edwards, A. C. The Persian Carpet. 1977 (1983 impression),
Edwards, Cecil A., The Persian Carpet, Duckworth, London, 1975
Edwards was the nephew of James Baker who was one of the founders of OCM. Baker was the son of George Baker the official gardener for the Turkish sultan. 83 Textile Museum Conference.

Clara Carey Case Edwards, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Charles L. Case, was a graduate of Bryn Mawr College (class of 1904). Her twin sisters, Mary C. Case and Adelaide T. Case, also attended Bryn Mawr (class of 1908). In 1909, Clara married Cecil Edwards, who worked for The Oriental Carpet Manufacturers Ltd. The business was based in Istanbul, Turkey and manufactured and exported oriental carpets, both Turkish and Persian, to the West. In 1911, the Edwards moved to Hamadan, Iran, so that Cecil could take charge of the business there, and while in Hamadan, Clara taught for some time at The American Boys’ School. Their son, Arthur, was born in Hamadan on 11 February 1918. The Edwards traveled in Iran and Russia, partly for Cecil’s work, and partly in reaction to events related to World War I. They also made several trips to the United States to visit Clara’s family.

In 1923, they left Iran and spent eight months in India (now Pakistan) visiting carpet weaving centers before arriving in England. The Edwards settled in London, where they became friends with historian Arnold Toynbee and the William Blake bibliographer Geoffrey Keynes. During World War II, they moved to Oxford, returning to London after the war was over.

The Edwards returned to Iran once more, in 1948, so that Cecil could complete research for his book, The Persian Carpet: A Survey of the Carpet Weaving Industry of Persia (London: Duckworth, 1953). Around 1946, Clara’s mind had begun to fail, and in 1951, she entered St. George’s Retreat near Brighton. Cecil died in 1953; Clara, in 1955.

Notes on A. J. Timothy Jull
Dr. Jull did the c14 testing on the James C. Allen 17th century Tekke Juval.
Dr. Jull is the top authority in the world today on c14 dating techniques, He gained wide attention in his work on the Dead Sea Scrolls and also on the Shroud of Turin.
Research Scientist, Geosciences and Physics, University of Arizona, PAS 249, Tucson, AZ 85721
Performed the c14 testing on the Allen Juval.

Notes on Abolala Soudavar
Iranian American collector and private scholar.

Soudavar, Abolala. Art of the Persian Court Selections from the Art and History Trust Collection. New York: Rizzoli 1992.

Lecture ‘The Mughals and the Legitimacy Problems of the House of Timur’. November18, 1999, Victoria and Albert Museum, London UK.

Member Fund Raising Committe The Society for Iranian Studies

Smithsonian Show: ”The Jewel and the Rose: Art for Shah Jahan,” Paintings and calligraphy from Iran and Islamic India lent by the collector Abolala Soudavar, 97 to Feb. 1. 1998. Hung by Massumeh Farhad, associate curator of Islamic Art, in conjunction with the ”Padshah Nama” show.

Honorary Member Center for Middle Eastern Studies. University of Chicago,

The Mirak Collection

Lecture: The Concepts of “Al-aqdamo asahh” and “Yaqin-e sabeq”. Discussant: Dick Davis, Ohio State University, The Second Biennial Conference on Iranian Studies Sponsored by The American Institute of Iranian Studies (AIIS) The Society for Iranian Studies (SIS).

Soudavar, Abolala. Beach, Milo Cleveland, Art of the Persian Court. New York: Rizzoli, 1992.

This is one of the most important books on Persian miniature art ever printed. Soudavar has done a book that is about as good as it gets. Great pictures, sharp commentary, and solid scholarship. Additionally this book is so pretty it is a work of art itself. If you have any interest in miniature art you should have this book.

Note on Abu Silk
Abr silk or as some people call it Ikat is resist dyed silk. Abr is Persian for “cloud like” whereas Ikat is the Indonesian term for a similar cloth. For hundreds of years at least to the time of Cingisi Qahan silk robes were given to honored guests by rulers in Southwest Asia. From the time of it’s introduction in the 18th century Abr was quickly recognized as the ultimate fabric in a land where fabric was money. With the great value placed on Abr when a garment is too far gone to use the Abr is treasured and used for other uses such as Uzbek Abr (Ikat) Silk Cover.

Notes on Afghanistan
Afghanistan is made up of at least 4 separate areas and whose people speak 44 different languages. The southern half of Afghanistan is the northern half of Pashtunistan the other half was made into part of Pakistan by the British. The Northwest of Afghanistan is actually half of Khorasan Persia, which was partitioned by the British. The dominant city in this region is Herat, which is a historical center of Persian civilization. The center highland is the Hazarajat, the land of the Hazara. The Hazara are a separate people with a distinct ethnicity, look, and religion. The North is the southern section of Turkestan. The dominant city is Mazar-I-Sheriff which is predominantly Uzbek.Afghanistan is located in Southwestern Asia. In the west is the Islamic Republic of Iran, South and southeast is Pakistan, in the north Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan and the eastern most part borders China.

Afghanistan is divided by steep mountains and is very hot in summer and equally cold in winter. Of the seven North-south passes through the Hindu Kush are navigable in winter.

It is a rugged, mountainous country with cold winters and hot summers. Measuring 647,500 square km it is almost the size of the State of Texas. The country is very poor with only a few miles of railroads, no navigable waterways, no ports and the people are primarily small farmers and herders.

Afghanistan has almost 26 million people. The primary languages are Dari and then Pashto.

Notes on Akbar
Reigned 1556 – 1605
Akbar succeeded his father Humayun and became a Shah of Shah or Padishah in India, he died in 1605
Akbar as a young man memorized large portions of the Hamza-nama and preformed them.
Possibly dyslexic Akbar was unable to read but he had a keen mind and a vast intellect.
Akbar was 14 when he became king.
February 14 1556. Akbar becomes the Mogul Padishah. He was crowned at Kalanaur.
Established Akbarabad in 1565
Akbar shot tigers near Mathura.
During the reign of Akbar carpet was woven at Agra and Fathpur Sikri.
When Akbar died in 1606 his library had 24,000 volumes.
Akbar dies October 17 – 27, 1605.

Notes on Alan Marcuson
Alan Marcuson has been a pioneer in a number of area. From Rolling Stoning Magazine in the 1960s Editor of Hali, Publisher of great books, to the Internet’s premier Oriental Rug sales site www.Cloudband.com Alan has had a great influence.

Alan Marcuson was born in South Africa.
London editor of Rolling Stone Magazine.
Founder, Editor and Publisher of Friends later called Frendz.
Deputy Editor, Editor, and Editor Publisher of Hali and for many years the creative drive behind the magazine.
Marcuson started the Hali Annuals.
Spearheaded Hali Publications and produced “The Markarian Album”, “Anatolian Kelims”, “Baluchi Woven Treasures”, “Orient Stars”, and “Moroccan Carpets”.
Since leaving Hali,  Marcuson has been involved in publishing 3 more books on textiles and Asian art; namely “Early Nasca Needlework” by Alan Sawyer, “Tibetan Art: Towards a Definition in Style” Edited by Jane Singer and Philip Denwood and “Ikat: Silks of Central Asia” by Kate Fitz Gibbon & Andrew Hale, which won the ARLIS (American Society of Arts Librarians) George Wittenborn Award for the Best Art Book of 1997.
He now is involved in a few other long term publishing projects, is a consultant and dealer in esoteric and rare carpets & textiles and a regular contributor to Ghereh magazine.

Notes on Alberto and Anna Levi
Alberto Levi is one of the world’s great rug dealers and rug scholars. Son of the late Shlomo Levi Ghassemoff and brother of Davide Halevim. He is active with the ICOC and is a Member Executive Committee ICOC.
Alberto and Anna were married Thanksgiving 2008. Anna was in marketing for a major pharacetical company znd shows a real understanding of oriental rugs.

Notes on Alberto Boralevi
Alberto Boralevi is one of the world’s top experts in carpets particularly classical.

Boralevi also is one of Europe’s top carpet dealers as Alberto Boralevi Antique rugs and Textiles. He can also be seen as one of the best dealers on www.Cloudband.com

Boralevi, A. L’Ushak Castellani – Stroganoff. Firenze: 1987.

Boralevi, A. & Mantiglia, G.C. From the Far West. Sardinian Textiles and Rugs From the Sixteenth Century Until Today. Il Tappeto Parlante, 1997.

Boralevi, Alberto, Contributing Editors, Hali The International Magazine of Antique Carpet and Textile Art.

Boralevi, Alberto. “Three Egyptian Carpets in Italy.” In Oriental Carpet and Textile Studies II.- Carpets of the Mediterranean Countries 1400 – 1600, ed. Robert Pinner and Walter B. Denny. London, 1986. Pp. 2OS-20.

Boralevi, Alberto. “The Discovery of two Great Carpets: The Cairene Carpets of the Medici, Hali, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 282-83. London.1983

Notes on Aleksei Malashenko
Chechnya expert and Scholar-in-Residence at the Moscow Carnegie Center.Aleksei Malashenko co-chairs (with Martha Brill Olcott) the “Ethnicity and Nation-Building” program. This program examines the rise of nationalism, the problem of sustainable development in the oil-producing states of the Caspian Basin, the creation of a new class of political and economic elites, and the changing role of Islam in Central Asia, the Caucasus, Russia, and elsewhere in Eurasia.

Aleksei Malashenko and Dmitri Trenin. The Time of the South: Russia in Chechnya, Chechnya in Russia. September 2002. 267 pp. In Russian

Islam in the Post-Soviet Newly Independent States: The View from Within / Aleksei Malashenko and Martha Brill Olcott, Eds. July 2001. 320 pp. In Russian

Language and Ethnic Conflicts / Martha Brill Olcott and Ilya Semenov, Eds. July 2001. 150 pp. In Russian

Aleksei Malashenko. Islamic Factor in the Northern Caucasus / March 2001, 180 pp. In Russian.

Reality of Ethnic Myths / Malashenko, Aleksei, Olcott, Martha Brill, Eds. October 2000, 99 pp.

Multi-Dimensional Borders of Central Asia / Malashenko Aleksei, Martha Brill Olcott, Eds. April 2000, 97 pp.

What Do Russia’s Regions Want? / Malashenko, Aleksei, Ed. October 1999, 104 pp.

Intolerance in Russia: Old and New Phobias / Malashenko, Alexei and Vitkovskaya, Galina, Eds. Edited Volume, May 1999, 196 pp.

Ethnicity and Confessional Tradition in the Volga-Ural Region of Russia / Malashenko, Alexei and Unusova, Aislu, Eds. Edited Volume, October 1998, 124 pp.

Cossack Revival: Hopes and Fears / Malashenko, Alexei and Vitkovskaya, Galina, Eds. Occasional Papers, #23, September 1998, 242 pp.

Factor of Ethno-Confessional Identity in Post-Soviet Society / Malashenko, Alexei and Olcott, Martha, Eds. Edited Volume, July 1998, 204 pp.

Malashenko, Alexei. The Islamic Renaissance in Contemporary Russia. Monograph, March 1998, 224 pp.

Religion and State in Modern Russia / Olcott, Martha Brill and Malashenko, Alexei, Eds. Occasional Papers, #18, September 1997, 117 pp.

Ecology, Society and Tradition: Social and Political Crisis in the CIS in the Context of Environmental Destruction / Malashenko, Alexei and Olcott, Martha Brill, Eds. Occasional Papes, #15, May 1997, 70 pp.

Identity and Conflict in the Post-Soviet States / Malashenko, Olcott, and Tishkov, Eds. Edited Volume, April 1997, 490 pp.

 

Notes on Ambassador Amedeo de Franchis

Ambassador Amedeo de Franchis is an Italian diplomat, author, and Trustee of the Near Eastern Art Research Center.

de Franchis was with the Italian Embassy in Teheran and was a member of the Teheran Rug Society.

de Franchis, A. and John T. Wertime: Lori and Bakhtiyari Flatweaves. Tehran: Tehran Rug Society, 1976.

Ambassador Amedeo de Franchis was born on 9th August 1939 in Naples.

He received his law degree in 1961 from the University of Rome and entered the diplomatic service in September 1962.

From 1962 to 1965, Mr. de Franchis served at the East-West Desk in the Political Affairs General Directorate of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Rome.

After fulfilling military service obligations as an army lieutenant in the Alpine forces, he returned to Political Affairs at the Ministry until July 1967.

From July 1967 to December 1970, Mr. de Franchis was assigned to the Italian Consulate General in New York, first as Vice Consul and then a Deputy Consul General.

He then served at the Italian Embassy in Teheran until February 1976 as Counselor, and, for a lengthy period, as Chargé d’Affaires.

Mr. de Franchis then returned to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Rome, where he was assigned to the NATO Desk, first as Deputy Head and the Head, a post he held until September 1979.

Mr. de Franchis was then assigned to the Permanent Delegation of Italy to NATO, as First Counselor for political-military affairs. From July 1983 to July 1984 he was Deputy Permanent Representative of Italy to NATO.

From July 1984 until January 1988 Mr. de Franchis was Ambassador of Italy to Pakistan.

He took office as Deputy Secretary General of NATO in July 1989 and remained in such position until February, 1994 when he became Director General of Political Affairs at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

Ambassador de Franchis took office as Permanent Representative of Italy to the North Atlantic Council in April 1998.

He is married and has four children.

Notes on Ambassador Bill & Kay Eagleton

“Ambassador William Eagleton (United States of America) was duly appointed Special Coordinator for Sarajevo and has been working indefatigably, in cooperation with the Government of Bosnia and Herzegovina and under the authority of my Special Representative, to achieve the restoration of public services in Sarajevo.” Deployment of IFOR (12/13/95-2/14/96)

Ambassador Bill & Kay Eagleton operate Flying Carpet Fine Rugs and Weavings in Taos, New Mexico. Specializing in Kurdish weaving.

The Ambassador is the single most knowledgeable expert on Kurdish weaving that I know of anywhere.

Trusted Resource List – Rug & Carpet Dealers In The U.S.

“Kurdish Rugs of the Hartushi Tribes of Turkey”. Hamburg/Berlin ICOC7 1993.

Eagleton, William: An Introduction to Kurdish Rugs and other Weavings. Brooklyn: 1988.

Eagleton, William, An Introduction to Kurdish Rugs, Interlink Books, New York, 1988

The Emergence of a Kurdish Rug Type, by William Eagleton, Oriental Rug Review, Vol. 9/5

Eagleton’s advice: Travel light while witnessing history of world

Tales from the Bazaar – 92.08

Ethnic Cleansing Thwarted in Kosovo; Standoff in Iraq; and a Swiss Case

Kurdish Carpet and Kelim

Deployment of IFOR (12/13/95-2/14/96)

Sarajevo on line – depeche Forpronu

GAs in Sarajevo

Welcome to PJStar.com Legacy – Peoria, IL.

An Introduction to Kurdish Rugs and Other Weavings, reviewed by Kurt

Notes on Amina Okada

Amina Okada is curator of Indian art at the Musée Guimet in Paris.

Okada, Amina. Le Grand Moghol et ses peintres, miniaturistes des XVIe et XVIIe siècles

Okada, Amina. Indian Miniatures of the Mughal Court. Translated by Deke Dusinberre, New York: Harry N. Abrahms, Inc. Publishers, 1992.

Okada, Amina. Ajanta Variety Book Depot, Delhi, 1996 English.

Okada, Amina Ajanta.

OKADA, Amina, BILHANA POEMES D’UN VOLEUR D’AMOUR Attribués à Bilhana. Traduit du sanskrit par Amina OKADA. Série ‘NRF’. Collection Unesco d’oeuvres représentatives ‘CONNAISSANCE DE L’ORIENT’, série indienne. Broché 126 Pages IN 8 bon état (45104 ) GALLIMARD/UNESCO 1988 PARIS

CATALOGUE REDIGE PAR AMINA OKADA Miniatures de l’Inde impériale, les peintres de la cour d’Akbar (1556-1605)- Cat.expo Musée Guimet, 27 avril-10 juillet 1989

OKADA, Amina, Le motif floral dans les tissus moghols. Inde XVIIe et XVIIIe. Avant-propos de Krishna Riboud et analyse technique de Marie-Hélène Guelton. Paris, A.E.D.T.A.(Association pour l’étude et la documentation des textiles d’Asie). 1995,

von SCHROEDER Ulrich & OKADA Amina Bronzes bouddhiques et hindous de l’antique Ceylan. Chefs-d’oeuvre des muses du Sri Lanka. Paris: AFAA, 1991

Okada,Amina. The Prince Who Became a Beggar (Tales of Heaven and Earth) Dominique Thibault (Illustrator), Creative Education, 1997.

Okada, Amina. Indian Miniatures of the Mughal Court. Translated by Deke Dusinberre, New York: Harry N. Abrahms, Inc. Publishers, 1992.

A masterful and scholarly triumph. I cannot recommend Okada highly enough. He really covers the top Mughal artists comprehensively. The book is also a wonderful book to read. Well laid out and easy to match text to pictures. I will probably buy a second copy because my first is so tattered from using as a reference book.

Notes on Annemarie Schimmel

Schimmel, Annemarie, (1984). “Calligraphy and Islamic Culture”. New York: University Press.

Schimmel, Annemarie, Islam in India and Pakistan, (Leiden: 1982).

Schimmel, Annemarie. “Einsetzungsurkunden mamlukischer Emire” in Die Welt des Orients. Vol. 1: No. 4. 1949. 302-306.

Schimmel, Annemarie. “Kalif und Kadi im spätmittelalterlichen Ägypten” in Die Welt des Islams. Vol. 24. 1942. 1-128.

Schimmel, Annemarie. “Some Glimpses of the Religious Life in Egypt during the Later Mamluk Period” in Islamic Studies. Vol. 4. 1965. 353-392.

Schimmel, Annemarie. “Review of Quest for Red Sulphur: The Life of Ibn `Arabi, by Claude Addas, and An Ocean Without Shore: Ibn Arabi, the Book, and the Law, by Michel Chodkiewicz” in Journal of Islamic Studies. Vol. 6: No. 2. 1995. 269-272.

Schimmel, Annemarie. “Review of Die Terminologie Ibn `Arabis im “Kitab wasa’il as-sa’il” des Ibn Saudakin: Text, Übersetzung, und Analyse, by Manfred Profitlich” in ZDMG. Vol. 128. 1978. 371-372.

Schimmel, Annemarie. “Review of Ibn `Ata’ Allah (m. 709/1309) et la naissance de la confrérie sadilite, by Paul Nwyia” in ZDMG. Vol. 125. 1975. 182-183.

Schimmel, Annemarie. “Review of Die mamlukischen Sultansurkunden des Sinai Klosters, edited and translated by Hans Ernst” in ZDMG. Vol. 113. 1963. 296-297.

Schimmel, Annemarie. “Sufismus und Heiligenverehrung im Spätmittelalterlichen Ägypten” in Festschrift Werner Caskel zum siebzigsten Geburtstag 5. März 1966 gewidmet von Freunden und Schülern. Gräf, Erwin (edited by). Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1968. 274-289.

Schimmel, Annemarie. As Through a Veil: Mystical Poetry in Islam. Lectures on the History of Religions, American Council of Learned Societies; (n.s.) no. 12. New York: Columbia University Press, 1982.

Notes on Annette Louise Ittig, Ph. D.

Annette Louise Ittig Ph.D., St. Antony’s College, Oxford, England UK. The last I heard Annette was working in Northern Afghanistan with some sort of aid agency. I worked with a woman when I was at the Smithsonian who was a friend of Annette Ittig and she indicated that Ittig was continuing her studies on horseback across northern Afghanistan.

Ph.D. in Islamic art at Oriental Institute, Oxford University. I am not sure but I believe that Ittig is the first person to get a Doctorate focusing on Oriental Rugs.

University of Toronto class of 1977.

Formerly Curatorial consultant for Carpet Museum of Iran in Teheran.

“A Guide to the Exhibition of Recent Acquisitions, the Carpet Museum of Iran”, Teheran, September 1978.

“A Persian Carpet of the 16th Century, the Carpet Museum of Iran”, Teheran, September 1978.

The Discovery Room, the Royal Ontario Museum, January 1978.

Ittig, Annette. Woven Dreams Oriental Carpets / Reves Tisses: Tapis D’Orient. 1994

“Kurdish Workshop Carpets – A Study In Tribal Patronage”. Washington DC: ICOC 1980.

Ittig, Annette. “A Talismanic Bowl” in AI. Vol. 18. 1982. 79-94.

Ittig, Annette, ed. 1992 The Carpets and Textiles of Iran. The Journal of the Society for Iranian Studies, v.25, nos.1-2

Ittig, Annette Louise

A catalogue of twentieth century coffee house paintings in the collection of Her Imperial Majesty Farah, Shabanu of Iran. Toronto: c 1977.

vii, 202 leaves, illus.; bibl. (pp 29-35).

Museol. thesis, University of Toronto.
Introduction (pp 1-28) traces the historical background and stylistic ancestry of the paintings in this collection, stored in the Negarestan Museums since 1975. The catalogue follows (pp 35 to 202); it is divided into two parts : iconography based on literary themes, and iconography derived from religious subjects.

Documentation of Afghanistan Synagogues

ISJM has given grants of $950 to Prof. Annette Ittig to document several sites of Jewish interest in Herat, Afghanistan including four former synagogues and a bath house.  She commissioned photographs, measured drawings, and described the buildings.  The Yu Aw Synagogue figures most prominently in her documentation, as it remains closest in form and function to its original use.  This work is part of a larger project to document and protect the historic Old City of Herat.

Notes on Anthony and Robery Sherley

British Mercenaries and Pirates who served Shah Abbas.

1563 “Anthony Sherley born to Thomas the elder”. The Shirleys of Wiston

1571/81 “Robert Sherley born to Thomas the elder (Wiston church records lost. No official date of birth for Robert)”. The Shirleys of Wiston

Sir Anthony was in Persia from Dec 1, 1599 to May 1600. He was given 25,000 foot and 5,000 horse to train according to the rules and customs of the English militia. He was also commanded to reform and retrain the artillery. When he left Persia, he left his brother, Robert Sherley, behind with 14 Englishmen who lived in Persia for years. The Shirleys of Wiston

“1609 Robert Sherley was employed, as his brother had been, by the Persian monarch, as ambassador to several princes of Christendon, for the purpose of uniting them in a confederacy against the Turks. He first went into Poland, where he was honorably entertained by Sigismond the Third. In June of this same year he was in Germany, and received from the Emperor Rudolph II the title of Earl (Count) palatine and knight of the Roman Empire. Pope Paul the Fifth also conferred upon him the title of Earl (Count).

From Germany Sir Robert went to Florence and from thence to Rome, where he entered, attended by a suite of eighteen persons, on Sunday, the 27th of September, 1609. He next visited Milan, and then proceeded to Genoa, from whence he embarked to Spain, arriving in Barcelona in December 1609. He sent for his Persian wife and they remained in Spain, principally at Madrid, until the summer of 1611.”

Notes on Aqa Mirak

Aqa Mirak was the greatest painter of animals at the court of Shah Tahmasp. We can say that Aqa Mirak and Tahmasp Safavi were close and intimate friends but just how close is impossible for me to say… yet. Suffice it to say that Aqa Mirak was allowed unrestricted access to Tahmasp and when all artists were expelled from Tahmasp’s court Aqa Mirak was exempt.

Aqa Mirak was a master in the portraying action in animals and mythical beasts in miniature painting. he was later widely copied in Mughal art.

Fantastic Animals – Golestan of Sa’di

artnet.com: Resource Library: Aqa Mirak

La Miniature En Orient Plate 62 Portrait of the Prince

La Miniature En Orient Plate 61: Shah Tahmasp?

Dragon & Horseman – Sadiqi Beg (?)

La Miniature En Orient Plate 57: Portrait of a Young Woman

Notes on Armen Minasian

Armen Minasian is President and CEO of the Torcom Group, a conglomerate of Chicago’s leading oriental rug manufacturing, wholesale, retail and service companies. He directs the acquired interests of Chicago-based Nahigian Brothers, Inc., and the Joseph W. Fell Company. The firm maintains national lease operations as Nahigian Brothers Oriental Rug Galleries for Marshall Field’s, Dayton’s, Hudson’s and Burdines of Florida. Mr. Minasian was recently named a Knight Commander of the Order of Saint Gregory the Great by His Holiness Pope John Paul II in recognition of his support of charitable organizations.

Member Rugmark Board of Directors

Notes on Arthur Rhuvan Guest

Guest, Arthur Rhuvon. “Cairene Topography: El Qarafa According to Ibn Ez Zaiyat” in JRAS. 1926. 57-61.

Guest, Arthur Rhuvon. “A List of Writers, Books and Other Authorities Mentioned by El Maqrizi in his Khitat” in JRAS. 1902. 103-25.

Guest, Arthur Rhuvon. “A Servian Embassy to Egypt in the Fourteenth Century” in JRAS. 1913. 1047-1048.

Guest, Arthur Rhuvon. “Misr in the Fifteenth Century” in JRAS. 1903. 791-816.

Guest, A. R. “Description of an Arabic Manuscript Bought in Egypt 1898-1900 A.D.” in JRAS. 1901. 91-95.

Guest, A. R. “Review of Tarjumán Al-Ashwáq, by Muhyi’d-Din ibn Al-`Arabi, edited by Reynold A. Nicholson” in JRAS. 1913. 447-452.

Guest, A. R. “Review of Abû’l Mahâsin ibn Taghrî Birdî’s Annals, edited by William Popper” in JRAS. 1912. 1120-1128.

Guest, A. R. “Review of Materiaux pour Servir à la Géographie de l’Égypte, by Jean Maspero and Gaston Wiet” in JRAS. 1921. 624-627.

Guest, A. R. “Review of El Mawâ`iz wa el I`tibâr fî dhikr el Khitat wa el Âthâr by Maqrîzî, vol.1, part2 and vol.2, part1, edited by Gaston Wiet” in JRAS. 1921. 620-624.

Guest, A. R. “Review of El Mawâ`iz wa el I`tibâr fî dhikr el Khitat wa el Âthâr by Maqrîzî, vol.3, edited by Gaston Wiet” in JRAS. 1923. 469-470.

Guest, A. R. “Review of Some Cairo Mosques and Their Founders, by R. L. Devonshire” in JRAS. 1924. 116.

Guest, A. R. “Review of El Mawâ`iz wa el I`tibâr fî dhikr el Khitat wa el Âthâr by Maqrîzî, vol. 4, part 1, edited by Gaston Wiet” in JRAS. 1925. 155.

Guest, A. R. “Review of La Syrie àl’époque des mameloukes d’après les auteurs arabes, by Maurice Gaudefroy-Demombynes” in JRAS. 1925. 160-161.

Guest, A. R. “Review of The Treatise of al-Jazari on Automata: Leaves from a Manuscript of the “Kitab fi Ma`arifat al-Hiyal al-Handasiya” in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston and Elsewhere, by Ananda K. Coomaraswamy” in JRAS. 1925. 161-162.

Guest, A. R. “Review of L’Égypte musulmane et les fondateurs de ses monuments, by R. L. Devonshire” in JRAS. 1927. 898-899.

Guest, A. R. “Review of El Mawâ`iz wa el I`tibâr fî dhikr el Khitat wa el Âthâr by Maqrîzî, vol. 5, part 1, edited by Gaston Wiet” in JRAS. 1930. 140-141.

Guest, A. R. “Review of Gaibî et les grands faiencers égyptiens d’époque mamlouke, by Armand Abel” in JRAS. 1933. 186-188.

Guest, R. “Review of Extrait de l’histoire de l’Égypte. Vol. II, par Ahmad Ibn Iyâs, translated by R. L. Devonshire” in JRAS. 1933. 1012.

Guest, R. “Review of Extracts from Abû el Mahâsin’s Chronicle Entitled Hawâdith ad-Duhûr, Part 1-3, edited by William Popper” in JRAS. 1934. 129.

Guest, R. “Review of La céramique musulmane de l’Égypte, by Aly Bey Bahgat and Félix Massoul” in JRAS. 1934. 372-376.

Guest, R. “Review of Abû’l-Mahâsin ibn Taghrî Birdî’s Annals, Vol. 5, Part 3, edited by William Popper” in JRAS. 1936. 718-719.

Notes on Azerbaijan National Carpet Museum

Azerbaijan National Carpet Museum

8.2 Carpets Made to Last: A Walk Through Baku’s National Carpet Museum

National Carpet Museum

123 Neftchilar Avenue (former Lenin Museum), Baku.

Tel: (99-412) 93-05-01, 93-66-85

Hours: Tuesday to Sunday, 9 a.m. to 6 p.m., closed Mondays

Admission: 3,000-12,000 manats

Students: 1,000 manats; extra charge for guide

Roya Taghiyeva, Director of the Museum, and Khadija Asadova, Scientific Secretary.

Notes on Bactria

Bactria was a province whose capitol was Bactra, present-day Wazirabad, formerly Balkh, and is very close to present day Mazar-i-Shariff .

Bactria was one of the 127 Persian provinces mentioned in the Book of Esther:

Esther 1:1 Now it came to pass in the days of Ahasuerus, (this is Ahasuerus which reigned, from India even unto Ethiopia, over an hundred and seven and twenty provinces:) KJV

Conquored by Alexander The Great in 328 BC and after his death, was a part of the Seleucid Empire.

In 256 BC, the Seleucid satrap (Governor) Diodotus I 256-235 BC established it as a separate kingdom.

Antiochus III the Great

Antiochus In Parthia, B.C. 209-5. by Polybius

Euthydemia I and Demetrius I of Balkh

The kingdom was finally overrun by the Sakas (Scythians) about 130 BC.

Notes on Badi’ Uzman Mirza

Badi’ Uzman Mirza was the last Timurid prince of Herat. He was also ruler of Astrakhan and several lesser Northern Afghan cities. He was driven out by the Uzbeks and was forced to seek refuge with Ismail Safavi in Tabriz. Badi’ Uzman Mirza found life intolerable under the Safavi and left Tabriz for Istanbul when the city was captured by the Ottomans. Badi’ Uzman Mirza was able to arrive in Istanbul with much of his court (and treasure) intact. Rather than as a prisoner, he enjoyed the hospitality of the Sunni Ottoman until his death. The impact of this transfusion of Timurid court on the art and artistic expression of Ottoman art was profound.

A curved agate cup that is believed to be from the treasure of Badi’ Uzman Mirza is shown in Art of the Persian Court plate32. I believe that some of the Topkapi prayer rugs are from the treasure as well. I suspect this by analyzing the style of the art versus the provenance. Although it is simple speculation on my part I suspect that much of the treasure was disbursed in the late 19th century. There is evidence to suggest that pieces from the Imperial treasury were deaccessioned when the Turks were paying off war debts. This is about the same time that the Chelsea Carpet surfaced in London with no provenance. I suspect that the Chelsea is part of the same treasure horde.

Notes on Bamiyan

Center of Buddhist religion for Afghanistan in the Pre-Islamic period. Important trade city guarding the Southern passes through which the Silk Route turned south to India. It was at the siege of Bamiyan in 1221 that Mutugen son of Chagatai son of Cingis Qan was killed by an arrow from the wall. Cengiz was so saddened by this death and the realization of his own mortality that he spent 18 months near Bamiyan and caused all people of the region to die. The area was repopulated by an incredible influx of slave women who were supplied for the pleasure of Cingis Qan’s men. The descendants of those slave women are today’s Hazara.

Ancient city destroyed by Cingis Qan.

Location of two giant stone Buddhas.

After the death of Mutugen at the siege of Bamiyan Cingis Qan ordered the death of all living things and the destruction of the town (1221 my date). Ratchnevsky, Genghis Khan. Page 164.

Bamian is about 8000 feet above sea level.

N.B. Some of my early research indicated that Cingis Qan (Ghengis Khan) made camp near this statue for 18 months in about 1222 AD.

Notes on Belkis Acar

Former Director, Vakiflar Museum, Istanbul, Turkey.

Graduated in 1962 from Istanbul Fine Arts Academy, Textile Department.

State service and research in State Textile Corporation 1962-1968.

Curator of Carpet Section, Turkish and Islamic Art Museum 1968 – 1973.

Appointment by the Vakiflar Foundation’s General Directorate to collect, evaluate and catalogue carpets from mosques, resulting in the opening of the Carpet Museum in 1973.

Kilims and Flat Woven Covers. Istanbul: Akbank, 1975.

“Establishing the Cultural Context of Anatolian Flatweaves (Jijims)”. Washington DC: ICOC 1980.

“Classical Kelims and Medallion Carpets”. Washington DC: ICOC 1980.

Acar, Belkis. Kelim and Cicim Weaves. Istanbul 1975. Turkish language edition.

Acar, Belkis. Kelim and Cicim Weaves. ; Istanbul: 1975.

Acar, Belkis Balpinar, Kilim-Cicim Zili-Sumak Turkish Flatweaves, Eren, Istanbul, 1983

Acar, Belkis. “New Light on the Problem of the Turkmen-Timurid and Mamluk Rugs” in Ars Turcica. Kreiser, K. et al. (edited by). Munich, 3-7 September 1979. Munich: Editio Maris, 1987. vol. 2, 393-402.

Notes on Belkis Balpinar

Balpinar, B. & Hirsch. U. Carpets of the Vakiflar Museum Istanbul / Teppiche Des Vakiflar-Museums Istanbul. 1988,

Balpinar, B. Kilim-Cicim-Zili-Sumak. 1983,

Balpinar, Belkis and U. Hirsch Flatweaves of the Vakiflar Museum. Istanbul Wesel 1982.

Balpinar, Belkis and Udo Hirsch, Carpets in the Vakiflar Museum Istanbul. Wesel: Verlag Uta Hulsey, West Germany, 1988.

Modern Kilims by Belkis Balpinar

The Goddess from Anatolia Mellaart, James, Hirsch, Udo and Balpinar, Belkis, review by Eiland, Murray, X/6/19-26

Carpets of the Vakaflar Museum Istanbul by Belkis Balpinar and Udo Hirsch, lX/2/48-49. Review by C. G. Ellis.

RugLore: From Rags to Riches

ACAR Belkis, Kilim ve düz dokuma yaygilar, Istanbul, 1975.

ACAR (BALPINAR) Belkis, Kilim cicim zili sumak, Türk düz dokuma yaygilar, Istanbul, 1982.

PETSOPOULOS Yanni et BALPINAR Belkis, Splendeurs du kilim, Paris 1992

DESIGN YOUR OWN NATURAL KILIM – E-Design Forum

Offset Knotting: Early Examples

“BELKIS BALPINAR: A well-known expert on Turkish carpets and kilims, Ms. Balpinar was the Founding Director of the Vakiflar Carpet and Kilim Museum in Istanbul. Her modern kilim designs have been widely exhibited around the world, and she is the author of various publications on Turkish kilims. She is also the founder of the Turkish chapter of the World Wildlife Fund. She lives in Istanbul.”

Notes on Benlian Tabriz Carpets

Edward E. Benlian was an Armenian who lived in England (The Orchard, 55 Arthur Rd, Wimbledon, London SW19). He died somewhere around 1973 and there was an estate auction after his death by Phillips, Son & Neale of London, England. Apparently his company produced rugs in Tabriz from the 1900s on. His master weavers included Javan Amir Kizi and Mahmud Ghalicheh.

Benlian represent the top tier of 20th century Tabriz production and the carpets are now old enough to start showing up in the auctions Sotheby’s,.Woolley & Wallis, Christie’s , and Phillips are have mentioned Benlian in their catalogues.

Benlian Tabriz Persian carpets have an eight-pointed star logo in one corner. Most often on the inner guard border.

 

Sotheby’s

Fine Oriental and European Rugs and Carpets Sale L09325 lot 161

A Tabriz Benlian carpet

London, Bond Street 8,000—12,000 GBP Session 1

21 Apr 99 2:00 PM

Lot Sold. Hammer Price with Buyer’s Premium: 8,625 GBP

DESCRIPTION

A Tabriz Benlian carpet

North West Persia

with star signature

386 by 300cm. 12ft. 8in. by 9ft. 10in.

Fine Oriental and European Rugs and Carpets » lot 141

Sale L09327 lot 141

A Benlian Tabriz carpet

London, Bond Street 4,000—6,000 GBP Session 1

12 Oct 99 2:00 PM

Lot Sold. Hammer Price with Buyer’s Premium: 4,600 GBP

DESCRIPTION

A Benlian Tabriz carpet

North West Persia

with ‘star’ signature

393 by 300cm., 12ft. 11in. by 9ft. 10in.

Fine Oriental and European Rugs and Carpets » lot 114

Sale L00506 lot 114

A Tabriz Benlian carpet

London, Bond Street 5,000—7,000 GBP Session 1

11 Oct 00 2:00 PM

Lot Sold. Hammer Price with Buyer’s Premium: 5,760 GBP

A Tabriz Benlian carpet

North West Persia

circa 1900, with a star signature

383 by 293cm., 12ft. 7in. by 9ft. 8in.

Fine Oriental and European Rugs and Carpets » lot 171

Sale L00506 lot 171

A Tabriz Benlian carpet

London, Bond Street 4,000—6,000 GBP Session 1

11 Oct 00 2:00 PM

Lot Sold. Hammer Price with Buyer’s Premium: 4,800 GBP

DESCRIPTION

A Tabriz Benlian carpet

North West Persia

circa 1910, with a star signature

470 by 325cm., 15ft. 5in. by 10ft. 8in.

Live Auctions » Oriental and European Rugs and Carpets » lot 196

Sale LN3823 lot 196

A Benlian Tabriz carpet

London, Bond Street 3,000—5,000 GBP Session 1

19 May 98 10:00 AM

Lot Sold. Hammer Price with Buyer’s Premium: 3,795 GBP

DESCRIPTION

A Benlian Tabriz carpet

North West Persia

with a star signature

445 by 374 cm., 14 ft. 8 in. by 12 ft. 4 in.

Fine Oriental and European Rugs and Carpets

Sale L00505 lot 202

A Tabriz Benlian carpet

North West Persia

circa 1910, the burgundy field with overall arabesque interlace supported by polychrome palmettes issuing scrolling vines ending in flowerheads and leaves, a blue turtle palmette and arabesque border, a star signature to the inner guard border

530 by 336cm., 17ft. 5in. by 11ft.

London, Bond Street 5,000—7,000 GBP Session 1

12 Apr 00 2:00 PM

Lot Sold. Hammer Price with Buyer’s Premium: 7,440 GBP

DESCRIPTION

A Tabriz Benlian carpet

North West Persia

circa 1910, the burgundy field with overall arabesque interlace supported by polychrome palmettes issuing scrolling vines ending in flowerheads and leaves, a blue turtle palmette and arabesque border, a star signature to the inner guard border

530 by 336cm., 17ft. 5in. by 11ft.

Christie’s

Sale Title ORIENTAL RUGS AND CARPETS

Location London, King Street Sale Date Apr 25, 2002

Lot Number 61 Sale Number 6568

Creator North West Persia, circa 1920

Lot Title A BENLIAN TABRIZ CARPET

Estimate 5,000 – 7,000 British pounds

Price Realized Unsold

Lot Description A BENLIAN TABRIZ CARPET

North West Persia, circa 1920

The blue field with bold polychrome palmette panels issuing angular floral and leafy vine, in a medium blue border containing palmettes and floral and leafy vine meander between reciprocal skittle-pattern and floral meander stripes, minute wear

11ft.11in. x 9ft.6in. (363cm. x 289cm.)

Lot Notes For origin of design see note on lot 63. (The field design of this carpet is taken from a carpet in the Museum für Angewandte Kunst, Vienna (Sarre, F., Trenkwald, H.:Alt-Orientalische Teppiche, Vienna, 1926, Vol 1, plate 42. )

Notes on Berdj Achdjian

Berdj Achdjian is a great gentleman very much of the old school. He is the leading dealer in France and known worldwide for his rugs. He is noted for world class Caucasian rugs as well as classic era carpets but he also has some tremendous avante garde carpets.

Achdjian, Berdj. “Some Flatweaves and Textiles in the Historical Museum, Erivan.” Hali, Vol. 4, No. 1 (1981). pp. 20-22.

I am proud to include Achdjian in our Trusted Resource List – Rug & Carpet Dealers outside the U.S.

Karapinar Yellow Ground Tulip Rug from Berdj Achdjian

The Khorossan sickle-leaf design carpet fragment

Moroccan Embroidery

Achdjian

Berdj Achdjian

10, rue de Miromesnil, 75008 Paris

tel 01 42 65 89 48 fax 01 42 65 61 30

Notes on Bernard Lewis
The Arabs in History, London 1950;

The Emergence of Modern Turkey, London and New York 1961

The Assassins, London 1967

The Muslim Discovery of Europe, New York 1982

The Political Language of Islam, Chicago 1988

Race and Slavery in the Middle East: an Historical Enquiry, New York 1990

Islam and the West, New York, 1993

Islam in History, 2nd edition, Chicago, 1993

The Shaping of the Modern Middle East, New York, 1994

Cultures in Conflict, New York, 1994

The Middle East: A Brief History of the Last 2,000 Years, New York, 1995

The Future of the Middle East, London, 1997

The Multiple Identities of the Middle East, London, 1998

A Middle East Mosaic: Fragments of life, letters and history, New York, 2000

BERNARD LEWIS

The New York Review of Books – Bernard Lewis. http://www.nybooks.com/authors/1386

“But Lewis is just warming up. Talk next turns to the Saudis. “Imagine,” says Lewis, “if the Ku Klux Klan or Aryan Nation obtained total control of Texas and had at its disposal all the oil revenues, and used this money to establish a network of well-endowed schools and colleges all over Christendom peddling their particular brand of Christianity. This is what the Saudis have done with Wahhabism. The oil money has enabled them to spread this fanatical, destructive form of Islam all over the Muslim world and among Muslims in the west. Without oil and the creation of the Saudi kingdom, Wahhabism would have remained a lunatic fringe in a marginal country.”

Bernard Lewis to Tom Friedman, the foreign affairs columnist of The New York Times.

In agreeing to an interview, Lewis, who left the University of London to join Princeton’s faculty in 1974, had warned me he would be reluctant to discuss the experience of being a Jewish scholar of Islam, and of being a Jew in a field traditionally dominated by ardent Arabists, because he was saving those reflections for a memoir.

Lunch with Arabist Bernard Lewis: Archive Entry From Brad DeLong’s Webjournal

Paul Wolfowitz on Bernard Lewis

In a touching tribute to Prof. Lewis, US Deputy Secretary of Defense Paul Wolfowitz, speaking via videoconferencing, said, “Bernard Lewis has brilliantly placed the relationships and the issues of the Middle East into their larger context, with truly objective, original-and always independent-thought. Bernard has taught us how to understand the complex and important history of the Middle East and use it to guide us where we will go next to build a better world for generations to come.”

Notes on Bertold Spuler

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of The Eastern Mediterranean Lands in the Period of the Crusades, by Peter M. Holt” in Der Islam. Vol. 56. 1979. 140-141.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of Coffee and Coffeehouses: The Origins of a Social Beverage in the Medieval Near East, by Ralph S. Hattox” in Der Islam. Vol. 64. 1987.182.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of The Cairo Nilometer: Studies in Ibn Taghrî Birdî’s Chronicles of Egypt, I, by William Popper” in Oriens. Vol. 5. 1952. 99.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of Zur Vorgeschichte des `abbâsidischen Schein-Chalifates von Cairo, by Richard Hartmann” in Oriens. Vol. 4. 1951. 139.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of Al-Azhar: A Millennium of Muslim Learning, by Bayard Dodge” in ZDMG. Vol. 113. 1963. 278-279.

Spuler, Bertold. “Subhi Yanni Labib (1924-1987)” in Der Islam. Vol. 65. 1988. 1-4.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of The Eastern Mediterranean Lands in the Period of the Crusades, by Peter M. Holt” in Der Islam. Vol. 56. 1979. 140-141.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of The Black Death in the Middle East, by Michael W. Dols” in Der Islam. Vol. 55. 1978. 135-137.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of The Arabs and the Sudan, by Yusuf Fadl Hasan” in Der Islam. Vol. 44. 1968. 148-149.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of The Age of the Crusades: The Near East from the Eleventh Century to 1517, by Peter M. Holt” in Der Islam. Vol. 64. 1987. 133-134.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of Damascus under the Mamluks, by Nicola A. Ziadeh” in Der Islam. Vol. 41. 1965. 272.

Spuler, Bertold. “Egypt: The Bahri Mamluks” in The Muslim World: A Historical Survey, II: The Mongol Period. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1960. 56-60.

Spuler, Bertold. “Egypt: The Burji Mamluks” in The Muslim World: A Historical Survey, II: The Mongol Period. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1960. 77-79.

Spuler, Bertold. “Ibn Khaldoun the Historian” in A`mal Mahrajan Ibn Khaldun. Cairo, 2-6 January 1962. Cairo: al-Markaz al-Qawmi lil-Buhuth al-Ijtima`iyah wa-al-Jina’iyah, 1962. 349-356.

Spuler, Bertold. “Islamische und abendlandische Geschichtschreibung” in Saeculum: Jahrbuch für Universalgeschichte. Vol. 6. 1955. 125-137.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of A History of Egypt in the Middle Ages, by Stanley Lane-Poole” in Der Islam. Vol. 46. 1970. 144.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of A History of Muslim Historiography, by Franz Rosenthal” in Der Islam. Vol. 31. 1954. 104-107.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of A Social and Religious History of the Jews: Late Middle Ages and Era of European Expansion, 1200-1650: Byzantines, Mamelukes, and Maghribians, by Salo Wittmayer Baron” in Der Islam. Vol. 62. 1985. 182-183.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of A Study of History, vol. XI: Historical Atlas and Gazeteer, by Arnold Joseph Toynbee and Edward D. Myers” in Der Islam. Vol. 36. 1961. 212-213.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of An Historical Atlas of Islam, edited by William C. Brice” in Der Islam. Vol. 59. 1982. 379-380.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of Arab Historians of the Crusades, edited and translated by Francesco Gabrieli, translated from the Italian by E. J. Costello” in Der Islam. Vol. 47. 1971. 321.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of Baybars I of Egypt, by Syedah Fatima Sadeque” in Der Islam. Vol. 34. 1959. 221-223.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of Bibliography of Moslem Numismatics, by L. A. Mayer” in Der Islam. Vol. 33. 1958. 197.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of Slave Soldiers and Islam: The Genesis of a Military System, by Daniel Pipes” in Der Islam. Vol. 59. 1982. 140.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of Das Bad im arabisch-islamischen Mittelalter, by Heinz Grotzfeld” in Der Islam. Vol. 47. 1971. 380-381.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of Die Madrasa: Ursprung, Entwicklung, Ausbreitung und Kunstlerische Gestaltung der islamischen Moschee-Hochschule, by Dietrich Brandenburg” in Der Islam. Vol. 58. 1981. 198-199.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of Historical Atlas of the Muslim Peoples, edited by R. Roolvink” in Der Islam. Vol. 34. 1959. 257-259.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of History and Historiography of the Mamluks, by Donald P. Little” in Der Islam. Vol. 64. 1987. 335-336.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of Ibn Khaldun and Tamerlane: Their Historic Meeting in Damascus, 1401 A.D. (803 A.H.), by Walter J. Fischel” in Der Islam. Vol. 30. 1952. 247.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of Ibn Khaldun in Egypt: His Public Functions and His Historical Research (1382-1406); A Study in Islamic Historiography, by Walter J. Fischel” in Der Islam. Vol. 44. 1968. 146-147.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of Introduction à l’histoire de l’Orient musulman: Éléments et bibliographie, by Jean Sauvaget” in Der Islam. Vol. 19. 1950. 240-241.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of Jean Sauvaget’s Introduction to the History of the Muslim East, by Claude Cahen” in Der Islam. Vol. 42. 1966. 298-299.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of Knowledge Triumphant: The Concept of Knowledge in Medieval Islam, by Franz Rosenthal” in Der Islam. Vol. 47. 1971. 374-375.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of Materials on Muslim Education in the Middle Ages, by A. S. Tritton” in Der Islam. Vol. 34. 1959. 216-217.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of Muslim Cities in the Later Middle Ages, by Ira M. Lapidus” in Der Islam. Vol. 44. 1968. 274-275. Reprinted: Der Islam 48 (1972): 130-131.

Spuler, Bertold. “Review of Outsiders in the Lands of Islam: Mamluks, Mongols, and Eunuchs, by David Ayalon” in Der Islam. Vol. 66. 1989. 150-151.

Sourdel-Thomine, Janine. Die Kunst des Islam. Propyläen Kunstgeschichte; 4. Berlin: Propyläen Verlag, 1973.

Spuler, Bertold. “Ägypten (Burdschitische Mamluken)” in Handbuch der Orientalistik, Band VI: Geschichte der islamischen Länder, Abschnitt 2: Die Mongolenzeit. Spuler, Bertold (edited by). Leiden and Köln: E. J. Brill, 1953. 83-85.

Spuler, Bertold. “Ägypten (Bahritische Mamluken)” in Handbuch der Orientalistik, Band VI: Geschichte der islamischen Länder, Abschnitt 2: Die Mongolenzeit. Spuler, Bertold (edited by). Leiden and Köln: E. J. Brill, 1953. 61-65.

Ashtor, Eliyahu. “The Development of Prices in the Medieval Near East” in Handbuch der Orientalistik, Abteilung 1: Der nahe und der mittlere Osten, Band VI: Geschichte der islamischen Länder, Abschnitt 6: Wirtschaftsgeschichte des vorderen Orients in islamischer Zeit, Teil 1. Spuler, Bertold (edited by). Leiden and Köln: E. J. Brill, 1977. 98-115.

Rodinson, Maxime. “Les conditions religeuses islamiques de la vie économique” in Handbuch der Orientalistik, Abteilung 1: Der nahe und der mittlere Osten, Band

VI: Geschichte der islamischen Länder, Abschnitt 6: Wirtschaftsgeschichte des vorderen Orients in islamischer Zeit, Teil 1. Spuler, Bertold (edited by). Leiden and Köln: E. J. Brill, 1977. 18-30.

Müller, Hans. “Sklaven” in Handbuch der Orientalistik, Abteilung 1: Der nahe und der mittlere Osten, Band VI: Geschichte der islamischen Länder, Abschnitt 6: Wirtschaftsgeschichte des vorderen Orients in islamischer Zeit, Teil 1. Spuler, Bertold (edited by). Leiden and Köln: E. J. Brill, 1977. 53-83.

Lewis, Bernard. “Sources for the Economic History of the Middle East” in Handbuch der Orientalistik, Abteilung 1: Der nahe und der mittlere Osten, Band VI: Geschichte der islamischen Länder, Abschnitt 6: Wirtschaftsgeschichte des vorderen Orients in islamischer Zeit, Teil 1. Spuler, Bertold (edited by). Leiden and Köln: E. J. Brill, 1977. 1-17.

Ehrenkreutz, Andrew S. “Money” in Handbuch der Orientalistik, Abteilung 1: Der nahe und der mittlere Osten, Band VI: Geschichte der islamischen Länder, Abschnitt 6: Wirtschaftsgeschichte des vorderen Orients in islamischer Zeit, Teil 1. Spuler, Bertold (edited by). Leiden and Köln: E. J. Brill, 1977. 84-97.

Cooper, Richard S. “Agriculture in Egypt, 640-1800” in Handbuch der Orientalistik, Abteilung 1: Der nahe und der mittlere Osten, Band VI: Geschichte der islamischen Länder, Abschnitt 6: Wirtschaftsgeschichte des vorderen Orients in islamischer Zeit, Teil 1. Spuler, Bertold (edited by). Leiden and Köln: E. J. Brill, 1977. 188-204.

Notes on Bertram Frauenknecht

“Gallery Frauenknecht –- Antique Rugs and Textile Art has offered a variety of tribal and village rugs, flatweaves, bags and textiles since 1976. We have presented many themed exhibitions which have led to several publications. Our last book –- Shahsavan Sumak Taschen –- shows about 60 sumak bags which passed through our hands during 15 years of collecting and selling. Situated in Munich, Germany since 1999, we will continue to present good examples of a lost world of tribal identity.” cloudband.com: dedicated to rugs, carpets, textiles, Asian art and tribal art.

Oriental Rug Review, Anatolian Kilims in Lembeck Castle

Trusted Resource List – Rug & Carpet Dealers Outside The U.S.

Frauenknecht, Bertram. & Frantz, K. Anatolische Gebetskilims. Nürunberg: 1978,

Frauenknecht, B. Anatolische Kilims / Anatolian Kilims. 1983,

Frauenknecht, Bertram. Early Turkish Tapestries / Fruhe Turkische Tappisserien. Nurnberg 1984,

Frauenknecht, B. Schahsavan Sumakh Taschen. N.d.(1993),

Frauenknecht, B. Anatolian Kelims. Nurnberg: 1982.

Frauenknecht, B. Early Turkish Tapestries. Nurnberg: 1984. German/English text.

Fraunknecht, B. and Frantz: Turkish Prayer Rugs. Nurnberg: 1978.

Frauenknecht, Bertram: Schahsavan Sumakh Taschen

Nurnberg (1993), 64 CP 87 pp. 8 x 12 Hardback a private collector’s exhibition

1981 Gefangener bei den Turkomanen

1980 Streifzüge im Kaukasus,

1981 Gefangener bei den Turkomanen

1980 Wanderungen in Persien,

1978 Anatolian Prayer Kilims

1980 Reisen in Mittelasien,

1977 Persian Ceramic

Reprint H. Vambery

Reprint V. Thielmann

Reprint de Bloqueville

The Frauenknecht mid 19th c. Shasavan Rug

The Frauenknecht Shirvan Stepped Medallion Rug

Frauenknecht 1st half 19th c. Karaman Kilim

The Frauenknecht Tentband Fragment

The Frauenknecht Part Pile Veramin bagface 19th c.

The Frauenknecht Marasali Prayer Rug

The Frauenknecht Teke Ensi

Rippon-Boswell 18th C. Kappadocian Kilim lot 91

Rippon Boswell Moghan Savalan Shahsevan Bag Face

Mid 19th C. Mianeh Fantastic Animal Shahsavan Khordjin Lot 76

Notes on Brian Spooner

I called Spooner once, British accent and a very brusque manner. I told him I was looking forward to hearing one of his lectures and could he recommend any of his articles for me to read before hand so I would get more out of his lecture. He told me he was too busy to bother with me and if I wanted that information to go to a library. I am sure Dr. Spooner gets so many calls from people like me that he does not have time to bother with us little people. I do know that he is well respected in his field and was a friend of the late George O’Bannon. There was some speculation on just who he was working for in regards to placeing people in Iran but I am sure that was just over active imaginations.

Spooner describes himself thus: “I have worked in Afghanistan, India, Iran, Pakistan and Tajikistan, with special reference to the Baluch, pastoral nomadism, irrigation, the history of desert areas, ecology and development, and language and culture. I have a special interest in Indo-Persian and Urdu, and am currently engaged in a long-term project on the dynamics of Persian literacy in the history of South Asia, including (for example) the organization of information in documents, and the training of munshis.” (http://www.columbia.edu/cu/libraries/indiv/area/idsas/SPOONER,Brian.htm )

Brian Spooner, spooner@sas.upenn.edu Curator for Near Eastern Ethnology, Brian recently completed an extensive review and bibliography of all ethnographic work on Iran and neighboring countries, which will appear in volume eight of the Encyclopaedia Iranica later this year. He is now developing a project on the distinctive historical features of literacy in the various scripts of the Near East. In 1998 he was invited to visit Iran by the Iranian Studies Section of the Office of President Khatami to negotiate arrangements for a range of collaborative projects between American and Iranian scholars, including field research in Iran.(http://www.upenn.edu/museum/News/neareastsection.html )

Spooner, Brian. Afghan Carpets ; Philadelphia: 1973.

Spooner, Brian, Who are the Baluch? A Preliminary Investigation into the Dynamics of an Ethnic Identity from Qajar Iran, in Qajar Iran: Political, Social, and Cultural. Change 1800-1925, ed. E. Bosworth and C. Hillenbrand. Edinburgh, pp. 93-110. 1983

Brian Spooner, 1987, “Insiders and outsiders in Baluchistan: Western and indigenous perspectives on ecology and development,” Lands at risk in the Third World: local-level perspectives, edited by Peter D. Little and Michael M. Horowitz, with A. Endre Nyerges, Boulder: Westview Press, 58-68.

Brian Spooner, 1972, The Iranian Deserts. Population Growth: Anthropological Implications, Cambridge: MIT Press, 245-268.

Brian Spooner, 1973, The Cultural Ecology of Pastoral Nomads. Addison Wesley modular publication in Anthropology, no. 45.

Brian Spooner, 1974, “City and river in Iran” Studies on Isfahan, R. Holod, ed., Iranian Studies , 681-713.

Brian Spooner and H.S.Mann (eds.), 1982, Desertification and Development, London:

Reading Nasta’Liq : Persian and Urdu Hands from 1500 to the Present (Bibliotheca Iranica. Literature Series, No 3) Hanaway, William L. (Edt)/ Spooner, Brian/ Hanaway, William L. (Edt) Hardcover ISBN: 1568590334

Notes on Brian W. MacDonald

Brian W. MacDonald has established himself as a well known and highly respected rug dealer and author in the UK. “His passion for woven tribal art began in 1972 when he worked on two archeological expeditions in Iran. He spent a year living with two tribal groups- the Afshar of Kerman and the Qashqa’i of Fars- making him one of the few major dealers to have spent time “in the field”. From 1972-1977, he travelled extensively in Afghanistan, Iran and Turkey, enriching his knowledge of their tribes and woven crafts.” Samarkand Galleries- Gallery Was History http://www.samarkand.co.uk/history.htm

Brian has opperated Samarkand Galleries since 1989.

Well known and respected rug dealer and author in the UK.

“His passion for woven tribal art began in 1972 when he worked on two archeological expeditions in Iran. He spent a year living with two tribal groups- the Afshar of Kerman and the Qashqa’i of Fars- making him one of the few major dealers to have spent time “in the field”. From 1972-1977, he travelled extensively in Afghanistan, Iran and Turkey, enriching his knowledge of their tribes and woven crafts.” Samarkand Galleries- Gallery History – Was http://www.samarkand.co.uk/history.htm

He has opperated Samarkand Galleries since 1989.

Tribal Rugs Treasures of The Black Tent; Woodbridge: 1997.

MacDonald, Brian W. Tribal Rugs Treasures of The Black Tent. Woodbridge: Antique Collectors Club, 1997.

Notes on Carlo Maria Suriano

Suriano, Carlo Maria. “Mamluk Blazon Carpets”. Hali 97, 1998. page 72. “The great court Carpets of the Mamluks are among the most monumental and extraordinary works of textile art ever produced. Of the three known examples which carry the heraldic blazon of Sultan Qaitbay, the fragmented Bardini carpet has only recently re-entered the public domain. To mark the occasion, this article focuses on the blazon Carpets as products of an Islamic culture both conservative and international in spirit, their geometrically fully representative of the Girikh or geometric mode in currency throughout much of the Islamic world in the 15th century.”

Suriano, Carlo Maria – Carboni Stefano – La seta islamica. Temi ed influenze culturali, Museo Nazionale del Bargello ed. Firenze 1999.

Suriano, Carlo Maria: `Pattems of Patronage: Classical Carpets in the Bargello Museum. Florence’. HALI 83. October/November 1995

Suriano, Carlo Maria Chinese Sculpture from the Gualino Collection. Orientations, APR 95

Member International Committee ICOC International Conference on Oriental Carpets: About ICOC

Carlo Maria Suriano, “The Language of Kingship”, Hali, 88 (1996)

Notes on Carnig Minasian

One of the nations top carpet dealers. Top Chicago area store for antiques and 28 stores in Marshall Fields and Dayton Hudson Stores around the country. I had the opportunity to meet Carnig at Rug Convention several years ago and he has impressed me as a real gentlemen. He was with Joe Fell who had just sold his prominent Chicago store to The Minasian Rug Company.

We are proudf to include the Minasian Rug Company in our Trusted Resource List – Rug & Carpet Dealers In The U.S.

Mr. and Mrs. Carnig Minasian are major benefactors of St. James Armenian Church, 816 Clark Street, Evanston, IL 60201.

Honored by the Carnig Minasian Citizenship Award for the Northwestern Wildcats.

Major contributors to the RUGMARK Foundation USA .

“BELUCHI HEAVEN” AN EXHIBITION OF BELUCHI TRIBAL WEAVINGS OPENING OCTOBER 27TH

The Minasian Rug Company continues its educational series devoted to antique oriental rugs this fall with a unique exhibit of Beluchi tribal weavings drawn mostly from private Midwestern collections. “Beluchi Heaven: Collecting in the Heartland” will be open to the public on October 27th at Minasian Oriental Rugs at 1244 Chicago Avenue in Evanston, Illinois and will run through January 31st, 2001.

“Beluchi Heaven” is the fifth in a series of exhibits designed by the Minasians and retired antique rug dealer and collector Joseph W. Fell to broaden a visitor’s understanding of rare antique oriental rugs. The Minasian Rug Company has created a permanent gallery space, which allows visitors to learn firsthand about antique rugs and textiles.

The Beluchi tribal weavings, gathered for the October exhibit, have been drawn from several private Midwestern collections. Over the years, many fine collectible Beluchi rugs have turned up in the nation’s heartland, probably the result of the legendary frugality of the area’s inhabitants. The relatively inexpensive Beluchi rugs of the past were sold in seemingly disproportionate numbers in the Midwest for the simple reason that they were cheap. Although, these subtle and highly eclectic pieces are becoming scarcer, over 30 of the Beluchi rugs have been gathered for the Minasian exhibit.

“Beluchi Heaven,” at Minasian Oriental Rugs, is open to the public free of charge from 9 a.m.-5 p.m. Monday through Saturday and 12p.m.-4 p.m. on Sunday.

Notes on Carol Bier

Carol Bier was Curator of Eastern Hemisphere Textiles at the Textile Museum in Washington DC. Carol is now a Research Associate at The Textile Museum and a faculty member, Maryland Institute College of Art.

Carol Manson Bier.

Education

Oriental Institute, University of Chicago

Institute of Fine Arts, New York University 1977 M.A.

Fieldwork in Turkey, Egypt, Syria, and Iran.

Position

Formerly Curator for Eastern Hemisphere collections at The Textile Museum in Washington, DC.

Formerly Editor, The Textile Museum Journal.

Books:

Bier, C. The Persian Velvets at Rosenborg. 1995,

Bier, C. Woven from the Soul, Spun from the Heart, Textile Arts of Safavid and Qajar Iran. Washington: Textile Museum 1987

Articles, Lectures and Pages:

Bier, Carol, Renaissance of Islam: Art of the Mamluks (exhibition guide). Smithsonian Institution, Washington. 1981

Bier, Carol, The Legacy of Timur: A Small Rug at The Textile Museum, Ghereh (Turin, Italy), August, pp.98-100. 1996

Bier, Carol, Other Pile Weavings from Safavid Iran: The Persian Velvets at Rosenborg, 7. Internationale Konferenz für Orientteppiche: 7th International Conference on Oriental Carpets Hamburg/Berlin, Düsseldorf, pp.59-68. 1996

Bier, Carol, Islamic Textiles, c.1500 and Later, Iran, Dictionary of Art. Macmillan, London. 1996

Bier, Carol, Carpets and History: War, Carpets, Diplomacy and Other Affairs of State, Aramco World Magazine (May/June), pp.8-15. Reprinted in Rug News (Summer 1989). 1989

Bier, Carol, ed. Woven from the Soul, Spun from the Heart: Textile Arts of Safavid and Qajar Iran (16th – 19th Centuries). The Textile Museum, Washington. 1987

Bier, Carol, and Jessica Sloane Two Shawls, Bulletin of the Asia Institute, New Series, v.5, p.194. 1991

Carpet Condition: A Curator’s Perception of “the Hole,’ Textile Museum Journal, vols. 29/30, 1990-91, pp. 6-8.

Other Pile Weavings From Safavid Iran – The Persian Velvets at Rosenborg”. Hamburg/Berlin ICOC7 1993.

Elements of Plane Symmetry in Oriental Carpets, Textile Museum Journal, vol. 31, 1992, pp. 53-70

“Symmetry and Design” Denver: ACOR4 Focus Session, 1998.

Symmetry and Pattern: The Art of Oriental Carpets

The Institute for the Humanities at the University of Michigan Publications

Woven from the Soul, Spun from the Heart: Textile Arts of Safavid and Qajar Iran, l6th-l9th Centuries Edited by Carol Bier. Washington, D.C.: The Textile Museum, 1987. xvi, 336 p.A Review by Michael Craig Hillmann

RUG NEWS  –  Carpets and Education:  Earning and Learning

Summer 1999 Michigan Today—Beauty is also in the eye of the beholder

83 Textile Museum Conference

Curator, “Symmetry & Pattern: The Art of Oriental Carpets.”

Miscellaneous

Carol Bier

A Small Ceremonial Rug

Persian Textiles of the Safavid Period

Carol Bier (in residence fall 1998) has served as curator for Eastern Hemisphere collections at the Textile Museum of the Smithsonian in Washington, D.C., since 1984. She is completing a book about symmetry and pattern in Oriental carpets based upon research for a Textile Museum exhibition (viewable on the Web at http://forum.swarthmore.edu/geometry/rugs/). A specialist in textile arts of the Islamic world, she is the author of The Persian Velvets at Rosenborg (1995) and editor of and contributing author to Woven from the Soul, Spun from the Heart: Textile Arts of Safavid and Qajar Iran (16th-19th Centuries) (1987). She teaches Islamic Art at the Maryland Institute College of Art in Baltimore. During her residency as the Norman Freehling Visiting Professor, Bier will teach a course on “Art and Geometry: Circumscribing Patterns in Islamic Art.” Institute for the Humanities names visiting fellows

Notes on Carole Hillenbrand

Professor Carole Hillenbrand, BA, MA, PhD, FRHistS, FRSE, FRAS

Professor of Islamic History

Edinburgh University Press

ISBN: 0-7486-0905-9

Carole Hillenbrand was educated at the Universities of Cambridge, Oxford and Edinburgh. After working at the Ministry of Aviation she was appointed Lecturer in Islamic History at the University of Edinburgh in 1979. She was appointed Reader in 1990 and was awarded a Personal Chair in Islamic History in 2000.

Her publications include:

The Crusades, Islamic Perspectives, Edinburgh, 1999; The Waning of the Umayyad Caliphate, Albany, 1989; A Muslim Principality in Crusader Times, Leiden, 1990; Qajar Iran, edited with C E Bosworth, Edinburgh 1984; The Sultan’s Turret, edited by Carole Hillenbrand, Leiden, 1999.

Hillenbrand, Carole. “Review of Islamic History: A Framework for Inquiry, by R. Stephen Humphreys” in JAOS. Vol. 117: No. 4. 1997. 752-753.

Hillenbrand, Carole. “Review of Arabic Historical Thought in the Classical Period, by Tarif Khalidi” in British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies. Vol. 24. 1997. 263-264.

Hillenbrand, Carole. “Review of Das Königreich von al-Karak in der mamlukischen Zeit, by Muhammad `Adnan al-Bakhit, and translated by Alexander Scheidt” in JSS. Vol. 42: No. 2. 1997. 448-449.

Hillenbrand, Carole. “Review of Badr al-Din Lu’lu’, Atabeg of Mosul, 1211-1259, by Douglas Patton” in British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies. Vol. 24. 1997. 265-266.

Hillenbrand, Carole. “Mu`in al-Din Parwana: The Servant of Two Masters?” in Miscellanea Arabica et Islamica: Dissertationes in Academia Ultrajectina prolatae anno MCMXC. De Jong, Frederick (edited by). Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta; 52. Leuven: Uitgeverij Peeters en Department Ori‘ntalistiek, 1993.

Hillenbrand, Carole. “Review of The Age of the Crusades: The Near East from the Eleventh Century to 1517, by Peter M. Holt; and The Middle East in the Middle Ages: The Early Mamluk Sultanate, 1250-1382, by Robert Irwin” in The English Historical Review. Vol. 103. 1988. 106-108.

The Crusades: Islamic Perspectives

by Carole Hillenbrand

Paperback: 648 pages ; Dimensions (in inches): 1.41 x 9.69 x 7.48

Publisher: Routledge; (September 2000)

ISBN: 0415929148

From the Publisher:

With breathtaking command of medieval Muslim sources as well as the vast literature on medieval European and Muslim culture, Carole Hillenbrand has produced a book that shows not only how the Crusades were perceived by the Muslims, but how the Crusades affected the Muslim world – militarily, culturally, and psychologically

Notes on Catherine Asher

“Professor Catherine Asher is a specialist in Islamic Art. Her primary work has been on the architecture of the Mughal dynasty and their Islamic predecessors in South Asia. Her more recent work has been on sub-imperial patronage and the construction of public monuments in the hinterlands. She is currently working on the issue of Hindu-Muslim interaction as manifest in art, primarily focusing on Islamic monuments in cities traditionally considered Hindu and, conversely, Hindu monuments in cities traditionally considered Islamic. She chairs the Committee on Art and Archaeology of the American Institute of Indian Studies, and recently completed a term as president of the North American Historians of Islamic Art.”

Associate Professor and Director of Graduate Studies Department of Art History, The University of Minnesota.

Delhi Sultanate

Asher, Catherine B. Architecture of Mughal India. Cambridge University Press, 1992.

Asher, Catherine B. Perceptions of South Asia’s Visual Past. South Asia Publications 1994.

The Yezidi cap is the same as the Mithras cap. Izady, The Kurds. Pg. 260

Notes on CENTO

John Foster Dulles created the CENTO treaty and MAP to provide a southern bulwark to Soviet expansion. This funneled aid to Turkey, Iran, Pakistan, and the UK was a signatory of the treaty but not part of this MAP. Hoopes. The Limits of Intervention. Page 39 – 40.

Russia starts aid to Egypt, Syria, and Yemen, in 1955. Hoopes. The Limits of Intervention. Page 40.

Pakistan took our military assistance but used it with India as the focus of their preparedness. The US did not see India as a threat and we meant the aid to be focused on the USSR. Hoopes. The Limits of Intervention. Page 40.

In response to the indo/China border dispute of 1962 where China threatened force the US began to give military assistance to the Indians. Hoopes. The Limits of Intervention. Page 41.

In response to our aid to India, Pakistan turns to Red China for military aid. Hoopes. The Limits of Intervention. Page 42.

The 1965 India Pakistan War.

Pakistan sent thousands of troops into the Indian state of Kashmir to use terrorism to create world attention on the Kashmir situation. Instead of treating the incursion as a native uprising the Indians invaded Pakistan to cut off the Pakistan troops. Pakistan in turn invaded Kashmir and tried to cut the one major supply line to the Indian troops at the front. India countered by invading in force at Lahore and Pakistan crumbled. The Indian strength and resolve was a surprise especially to the Pakistani army. Johnson cut US aid to both sides. Hoopes. The Limits of Intervention. Page 42.

Notes on Chahryar Adle

Archaeologist and Research Director at the CNRS in France

President of the International Scientific Committee for the preparation of the History of Civilization of Central Asia tmrc97.htm

(UNESCO) – Iranologist

Adle, Chahryar, Art et Société dans le Monde Iranien, (Paris: 1982).

DUÚST-MOHAMMAD MOSAWWER by Chahryar Adle

Lost treasure at the Amiranshvili Museum Tbilisi

IHT: Souren Melikian 10/18/97

Critique — Tavoos Quarterly, Issues 5 and 6

Found on a discussion list:

This topic is a bit late for this audience, but I have a

question that’s relevant for you. In an article, “A

Sphero-Conical Vessel as *FuqqA`a*, or a Gourd for `Beer’,”

Muqarnas, v9, 1992, pp72–92, A Ghouchani and Chahryar Adle

identify the puzzling “hand grenades” of medieval Islamic

sites as containers for effervescent beer. Their thickness

and high firing were necessary to contain the pressure.

The authors have found literary sources referring to such

vessels, e.g.

More pleasant than the lips of the beloved for the one

who will break fast

Are the lips of that heavy gourd (kuza) filled with fuqA`.

To be ready for your table from daytime to sunset

The fuqA` sat concealed in crushed ice.

or, likening the vessels to breasts,

O maiden’s breast that I sucked early in the morning

While still suffering from the effects of last night’s wine.

The “nipple” of the gourd was evidently sealed with skin, which was

pierced to open the vessel. Classics Log 9309d – Message Number 200

Notes on Charles Grant Ellis

Uncle Charlie as he like to be called was the single greatest rug scholar. I was going to say of the twentieth century but I cannot think of anyone who equals his contribution to the field.

I reviewed my notes on a lunch I had with Carol Bier at one o’clock 10/3/95 at the Jockey Club at the old Ritz Carleton on Massachusetts Ave in the District:

“I met with Carol Bier for lunch yesterday. It was a lot of fun to get her perspective on the rug world. She was reminiscing on how Charlie Ellis got started in rugs. Charlie’s mother asked him to pick up some rugs that were in a shop for cleaning. It was the first time he ever really looked at them and he decided that he wanted to know what they were.”

The late Grant Ellis Charles of Kingston, N.Y. was until his death in 1997 America’s leading rug scholar.

Studied art and architecture at Princeton University.

Research Associate of the Textile Museum in Washington from 1962 until his death.

Early Caucasian Rugs

Oriental Carpets in the Philadelphia Museum of Art

Gifts from Kashan to Cairo, Textile Museum Journal, vol. 1, no. 1, 1962, pp. 33-46.

A Soumak-Woven Rug in a 15th Century International Style, Textile Museum Journal, vol. 1, no. 2, 1963, pp. 3-20.

The Little Gems of Ardebil, Textile Museum Journal, vol. 1, no. 3, 1964, pp. 18-20.

Some Compartment Designs for Carpets, and Herat, Textile Museum Journal, vol. 1, no. 4, 1965, pp. 42-56.

Mysteries of the Misplaced Mamluk, Textile Museum Journal, vol. 2, no. 2,1967, pp. 2-20.

Kirman’s Heritage in Washington: Vase Rugs in the Textile Museum, Textile Museum Journal, vol. 2, no. 3,1968, pp. 17-34.

Chinese Rugs, Textile Museum Journal, vol. 2, no. 3, 1968, pp. 35-52.

The Ottoman Prayer Rugs, Textile Museum Journal, vol. 2, no.4, 1969, pp. 5-22.

Review of Seven Hundred Years of Oriental Carpets, by Kurt Erdmann, Textile Museum Journal, vol. 3, no. 2, 1971, pp. 42-43.

Is the Mamluk Carpet a Mandala?: A Speculation, Textile Museum Journal, vol. 4, no. 1, 1974, pp. 30-50.

The Strengths of The Textile Museum’s Oriental Carpet Collection, Textile Museum Journal, vol. 24,1985, pp. 60-73.

“Carpets of Gujarat,” Islamic Art in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1972.

“Garden Carpets and Their Relationship to Safavid Gardens”. Washington DC: ICOC 1980.

“Rug Collections In American Museums”. Washington DC: ICOC 1980.

Ellis, Charles Grant: East of Turkestan, An Exhibition of Chinese Rugs and Textiles ; Washington DC: 1967.

Wilber, Donald N. and Ellis, Charles Grant. Persian Gardens and Garden Carpets. Unpublished, manuscript delivered to Oghuz Press but after many years no book.

Studied Transylvanian Rugs

Ellis, Charles Grant. Early Caucasian Rugs. Washington DC: The Textile Museum, 1975.

Ellis was a tremendous talent in the world of Oriental carpets. This book belongs in any serious library on Oriental Carpets.

Ellis, Charles Grant. East of Turkestan, An Exhibition of Chinese Rugs and Textiles ; Washington DC: 1967. Museum of Art, 1988.

Ellis, Charles Grant. Oriental Carpets in the Philadelphia Museum of Art. Philadelphia: Philadelphia

A truly great book. A scholarly triumph. Perhaps the single most impressive rug book I have ever see. The pictures are good and the depth of analyses is outstanding. I wish every major collection was documented this well. One has to wonder why he did this book for the PMA rather than the TM.

Ellis and O’Bannon

George O’Bannon and Charles Grant Ellis were good friends. George usually called Ellis Uncle Charlie as many people did and when he spoke of him it was always with friendship and respect. I remember George telling me that at one point he thought he had identified a classic carpet that Uncle Charlie did not know about. Ellis had a virtually encyclopedic knowledge of classic Oriental carpets and it had become a game for George to try to find a rug that Ellis was unaware. Finally George felt he had him and he showed him an obscure reference to a classic carpet in a 1932 auction catalogue. Ellis looked at it and said “Oh that one, it is on the north wall of the third floor of a museum in Madrid” (Spain). From what George told me he never was able to stump Uncle Charlie.

The world’s most exclusive Rug Club.

The three members of the “International Society of Dating Carpet Beatles”. Ellis to the left in the center May H. Beattie of Sheffield (UK) and Friedrick Spuhler, Berlin. This picture was taken April 1964 at the Glasgow Art Gallery & Museum in Glasgow Scotland. Ellis and Beattie were unusual in that they were never dealers. Their work lives on as the foundation of so much of today’s scholarship.

Oriental Rug Review Articles

Vol. 8/4

Book Review, Oriental Carpets in The Philadelphia Museum of Art, by Charles Grant Ellis, Reviewed by Murray L. Eiland, Jr., Vol. 8, No. 4, p. 45

Book Review, Topkapi Carpets, Reviewed by Charles Grant Ellis, Vol. 8, No. 4, p. 48.

Vol. 13/3

“Charlie’s Archive,” O’Bannon, George W., XIII/3/21

Notes on Charlotte Miller

Charlotte Miller of Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Teaches at the University of Minnesota.

Catalogued Islamic textiles collection at Minneapolis Institute of the Arts.

Peace Corps volunteer in Turkey, and organized weavers cooperative there.

Past President of the Weavers Guild of Minnesota.

“Identification of Dyes In Carpets from the Melas Area of Turkey”. Washington DC: ICOC 1980.

Mann Library Collection Policy – Textiles and Apparel

Notes on Chris Walters

Chris is based in the Boston area but spends much of his time with his looms in Pakistan.

Silk Road II: West to East in 1987, by Chris Walter, Travels on the Silk Road from the opposite direction, Oriental Rug Review, Vol. 8/3

Turkomans in Exile, by Chris Walter, Afgh.an exiles exploit every niche of the carpet market, Oriental Rug Review, Vol. 9/5

Uzbekistan: Searching the Heart of Central Asia, by Chris Walter

On the brink of an identity crises, the former Soviet Republic has far to go, Oriental Rug Review, Vol. 13/1

“Jora,” Walter, Chris, XIII/3/14-17

Habibullah Kerimi, Making a Life and Rugs in Exile, by Chris Walter, Oriental Rug Review, Vol. 15/3

Notes on Christine Klose

Christine Klose, Karisdorf, Germany, graduated Berlin University 1949 in physics. In 1970 began private studies of the historical development of ornamental rugs and various methods of rug classification in Oriental rugs. Klose is one of Germany’s leading rug scholar and one of the top specialists in Classical carpets in the world.

“Observations on 18th Century Northwest Persian Garden Carpets,” Hali, 1978, No. 2.

“Representation of Carpets from 15th and 16th Century French Hour Books,” Hali, 1979, No. 1.

“The Influence of Carpet Publications on Recent Carpet Designs and their Use in Dating,” Hali, 1979, No. 3. “Problems of Chinese Rugs in Shosoin at Nara,” Heimtex, 1979.

“Problems of Dating Various Types of Carpets,” Hali, 1980, No. 1.

“Connections Between Designs on Mughal Flower Carpets and Textiles”. Hamburg/Berlin ICOC7 1993.

“Interpreting of Patterns on Oriental Carpets by Their Design Changes”. Washington DC: ICOC 1980.

Discovery A 16th Century Anatolian Carpet with Large Stars

Ghereh Issue 14

Ghereh Issue 18

Freunde des Orientteppichs Postfach

HALI 123, JULY/AUGUST 2002

FORUM

Christine Klose finds strong evidence to support the proposition that the al-Sabah Ushak medallion carpet in the Kuwait National Museum is one of the earliest of its type. Just look at the border.

Christine Klose, HALI 4/4

Reconstruction of a Pair of Important Vase Carpets

Eight fragments of vase carpets are known which appear to be related to each other. Recently a ninth fragment has been identified as belonging to this set, previosly overlooked, since it does not show the characteristic border.

A reconstruction of the original carpet is presented which leads to a pair of vase carpets with a three-plane-lattice design. Applying digital techniques allows a reconstruction of large parts of the original carpets, except regions centered around the longitudinal axes. Most probably the carpets originated in Kirman from the beginning of 17th century.

Notes on Christopher Alexander

Christopher Alexander is a prominient American author and rug collector and professor of Architecture. He is famous in Architectural circles for his quote, “letting the site speak”. I think it fair to say Alexander is more noted as an “architectural theorist” then as an Architect.

If anything Alexander is controversial in both the rug world and in the Architectural field In the famous conversation between Victor Padrón and Nikos A. Salingaros We must remember the scathing aprpraisal of Padrón. “Alexander published three important books about twenty years ago. He argued from within the architectural establishment (being a professor of Architecture at Berkeley) for a more humane architecture, which captures those qualities lost in the buildings of our times. He expected to influence both academic and practicing architects, but did neither. Instead, his books became hits with the counter-culture, who were apparently the only ones sensitive enough to appreciate what he was saying.” Ecology and the Fractal Mind in the New Architecture

Then read Dr. Nikos A. Salingaros in Influence On Oriental Carpet Studies and you will start to see the natire of the controversy, “Alexander’s architectural writings at the same time develop a philosophy of nature and life. He proposes a more profound connection between nature and the human mind than is presently allowed either in science, or in architecture. Alexander sees the universe as a coherent whole, encompassing feelings as well as inanimate matter. This strongly Taoist viewpoint was first developed in his book: The Timeless Way of Building (New York: Oxford University Press, 1979). To some readers, this is a book on architecture written in a philosophical style; to many others, it is a book on philosophy with architectural examples. A large number of people have embraced the philosophy of the Timeless Way of Building, finding in it universal truths on how man interacts with the world. Brief extracts from the Timeless Way are posted by Heather Duggan. Towards the end of his life, the philosopher and teacher J. J. Krishnamurti enjoyed having sections from the Timeless Way read to him each evening.” Influence On Oriental Carpet Studies

American author and rug collector and professor of Architecture.

Caucasian Dragon Carpet

Influence On Oriental Carpet Studies By Dr. Nikos A. Salingaros, mathematician and architectural theorist.

Alexander, Christopher. A Foreshadowing of 21st Century Art. New York: 1993.

Christopher Alexander, Notes on the Synthesis of Form (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1964).

Christopher Alexander, “A City is Not a Tree”, Architectural Forum 122 April (1965): No. 1, pages 58-61 and No. 2, pages 58-62. (Reprinted in: Design After Modernism, Edited by John Thackara, Thames and Hudson, London, 1988; and in: Human Identity in the Urban Environment, Edited by G. Bell and J. Tyrwhitt, Penguin, 1992).

Alexander, S. Ishikawa, M. Silverstein, M. Jacobson, I. Fiksdahl-King and S. Angel, A Pattern Language (New York: Oxford University Press, 1977).

Alexander, H. Neis, A. Anninou and I. King, A New Theory of Urban Design (New York: Oxford University Press, 1987).

Christopher Alexander, The Nature of Order (New York: Oxford University Press, 1998).

Review – Notes on the Synthesis of Form

Book that Changed my Life by Roger Evans

A Pattern Language: Towns, Buildings, Construction. by Nikos Salingaros

Review: A Pattern of Language by Stewart Brand

Alexander, Christopher. A Foreshadowing of 21st Century Art. New York: 1993.

I looked at this book and decided that Alexander seemed a little too far out to spend my money. Maybe I am just not bright enough to get his points.

EAP: Book Review of \A Foreshadowing of 21st Century Art: The Color and Geometry of Very Early Turkish Carpets.\

“His text is somewhat more questionable, profoundly moving in his philosophy in the introductory parts, he unfortunately moves into a theory that, I am sure, no carpet knotter ever bothered with while making these masterpieces. He mentions in a footnote that it is likely that most of the rugs were woven by women — a well-known fact. However, throughout the body of the text he uses the generic “he” and refers to them as Sufi weavers. Since few women have ever been spoken of as Sufis, this tends to mislead.” Jan Haag, 21st Century Art, C.E – B. C.>

From the Publisher:

A Foreshadowing of 21st Century Art

The Color and Geometry of Very Early Turkish Carpets

Christopher Alexander

Christopher Alexander owns what many now believe to be the finest collection of early Turkish carpets in the western world, with perhaps half being the only specimens of their kind anywhere. In this richly illustrated, oversized volume–featuring four hundred illustrations, eighty in full color–Alexander takes readers on an engaging tour of his fabulous collection.

Readers will see a 13th-century Seljuk Carpet with Dragons, a 15th-century Animal Carpet, a scarlet-niched Transylvanian Prayer Rug, a turquoise Lattice Carpet from Alcaraz, a 16th-century blue Medallion Keyhole Design from Bergama, a rare 16th-century White Field Bird Carpet, the dazzling color and brilliant geometry of a 15th-century Karapinar with Three Gulls, and perhaps Alexander’s favorite, a 15th-century Star Karapinar with Flowers (whose designs he describes as “the high point of all Sufi art, the state of liberation, in which the artist is so free, that he is able to be completely natural”). In addition, Alexander elaborates on his theory that these carpets teach structure to artists and architects through the beauty of their form.
This lavishly produced volume makes an important contribution to the world of rug scholarship. Equally important, Alexander’s thoughtful meditations on these pieces will fascinate the many architects, artists, and planners who follow his work.

Notes on Clifford Edmund Bosworth

Bosworth, C.E., Bosworth, Clifford E., “Early Sources for the History of the First Four

Bosworth, C.E. (trans.), The Book of Curious and Entertaining Information (Kitab Lata’if al-Ma’arif), (Edinburgh: 1968),

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. “‘The Protected Peoples’ (Christians and Jews) in Medieval Egypt and Syria” in Bulletin of the John Rylands University Library. Vol. 62: No. 1. 1979. 11-36.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund et al. “al-Busiri, Sharaf al-Din Abu `Abd Allah Muhammad b. Sa`id b. Hammad al-Sanhadji” in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. 2d edition. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1980. Supplement, 158-159.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. “Christian and Jewish Religious Dignitaries in Mamlûk Egypt and Syria: Qalqashandî’s Information on Their Hierarchy, Titulature, and Appointment” in IJMES. Vol. 3. 1972. 59-74, 199-216. Reprinted in his Medieval Arabic Culture and Administration.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. “Ibn Nazir al-Djaysh” in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. 2d edition. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1980. Supplement, 395.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. “Ispahsalar, Sipahsalar, i. The Islamic World Excepting India” in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. 2d edition. Vol. 4. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1978. 208-210.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. “Isti`rad, `Ard” in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. 2d edition. Vol. 4. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1978. 265-269.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. “al-Kalkashandi” in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. 2d edition. Vol. 4. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1978. 509-511.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. “Lakab, 4. The Post-Caliphal Period” in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. 2d edition. Vol. 5. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1986. 627-629.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. “A Maqama on Secretaryship: al-Qalqashandi’s al-Kawakib al-Durriyya fi’l-Manaqib al-Badriyya” in BSOAS. Vol. 27. 1964. 291-298. Reprinted in his Medieval Arabic Culture and Administration.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. “Review of Opera Minora, by Max van Berchem” in BSOAS. Vol. 43. 1980. 139-140.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. “Review of Arabische Inschriften aus Syrien, by Heinz Gaube” in BSOAS. Vol. 44. 1981. 369-370.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. “Review of Mamluk Jerusalem: An Architectural Study, by Michael H. Burgoyne” in JSS. Vol. 33: No. 2. 1988. 349-351.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. “al-Nuwayri, Muhammad b. al-Kasim al-Iskandarani” in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. 2d edition. Vol. 8. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1993. 155.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. “The Qur’anic Prophet Shu`aib and Ibn Taimiyya’s Epistle Concerning Him” in Le Muséon. Vol. 88. 1974. 425-440. Reprinted in his Medieval Arabic Culture and Administration.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. “Safina, 1. In the Pre-Modern Period, b. The Mediterranean” in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. 2d edition. Vol. 8. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1995. 810.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. “The Section on Codes and Their Decipherment in Qalqashandi’s Subh al-A`sha” in JSS. Vol. 8. 1963. 17-33. Reprinted in his Medieval Arabic Culture and Administration.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. “Some Historical Gleanings from the Section on Symbolic Actions in Qalqashandi’s Subh al-A`sha” in Arabica. Vol. 10. 1963. 148-153.

Kramers, J. H. “Sultan” in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. 2d edition. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1997. 849-851.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. “Review of Weltgeschichte und Weltbeschreibung im Mittelalterlichen Islam, by Bernd Radtke” in JSS. Vol. 41: No. 2. 1996. 354-356.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. “Review of Labour in the Medieval Islamic World, by Maya Shatzmiller” in JSS. Vol. 42: No. 2. 1997. 437-439.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. “Review of Itinéraires d’Orient: Hommages à Claude Cahen, edited by Raoul Curiel and Rika Gyselen” in JRAS. Vol. 6. 1996. 83-87.

Bosworth, C. E. “Review of The Mamluk Military Society: Collected Studies, by David Ayalon” in JSS. Vol. 26: No. 2. 1981. 337.

Bosworth, C. E. “Review of The Memoirs of a Syrian Prince. Abu ‘l-Fida’, Sultan of Hamah (672-732/1273/1331), translated by P. M. Holt” in JRAS. No. 1. 1985. 193-194.

Bosworth, C. E. “Review of The Rise of Colleges: Institutions of Learning in Islam and the West, by George Makdisi” in JRAS. No. 2. 1983. 304-305.

Bosworth, C. Edmund. “Review of Mongols and Mamluks. The Mamluk-Ilkhanid War, 1260-1281, by Reuven Amitai” in Journal of Islamic Studies. Vol. 8: No. 1. 1997. 99-102.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. “Review of The Adventures of Ibn Battuta: A Muslim Traveler of the 14th Century, by Ross E. Dunn” in Journal of Islamic Studies. Vol. 4. 1993. 109-110.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. “Review of The Black Death in the Middle East, by Michael W. Dols” in Middle East Studies Association Bulletin. Vol. 12: No. 1. 1978. 41-42.

Holt, P. M. “The Presentation of Qalawun by Shafi` ibn `Ali” in The Islamic World from Classical to Modern Times: Essays in Honor of Bernard Lewis. Bosworth, Clifford Edmund et al. (edited by). Princeton: Darwin Press, 1989. 141-150.

Ayalon, David. “Mamluk Military Aristocracy during the First Years of the Ottoman Occupation of Egypt” in The Islamic World from Classical to Modern Times: Essays in Honor of Bernard Lewis. Bosworth, Clifford Edmund et al. (edited by). Princeton: Darwin Press, 1989. 413-432. Reprinted in Ayalon’s Islam and the Abode of War

Malti-Douglas, Fedwa. “Mentalités and Marginality: Blindness and Mamluk Civilization” in The Islamic World from Classical to Modern Times: Essays in Honor of Bernard Lewis. Bosworth, Clifford Edmund et al. (edited by). Princeton: Darwin Press, 1989. 211-238.

Rabi`, Hasanayn Muhammad. “Mamluk Campaigns against Rhodes (A.D. 1440-1444)” in The Islamic World from Classical to Modern Times: Essays in Honor of Bernard Lewis. Bosworth, Clifford Edmund et al. (edited by). Princeton: Darwin Press, 1989. 281-286.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. Medieval Arabic Culture and Administration. London: Variorum Reprints, 1982.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. “Al-Maqrizi’s Epistle Concerning What Has Come Down to Us about the Banu Umayya and the Banu l-`Abbas” in Studia Arabica et Islamica: Festschrift for Ihsan `Abbas on his Sixtieth Birthday/Dirasat `Arabiyah wa-Islamiyah Muhdah ilá Ihsan `Abbas bi-Munasibat Bulughihi al-Sittin.

Wadad al-Qadi (edited by). Beirut: American University in Beirut, 1981. 39-45. Reprinted in his Medieval Arabic Culture and Administration.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. “Al-Maqrizi’s Exposition of the Formative Period in Islamic History and Its Cosmic Significance: The Kitab an-Niza` wa-t-Takhasun” in Islam: Past Influence and Present Challenge: In Honour of William Montgomery Watt. Welch, Anthony T. (edited by). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979. 93-104. Reprinted in his Medieval Arabic Culture and Administration.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. Encyclopaedia of Islam : Various Volumes.  Brill Academic Publishers, Incorporated 1999

Bosworth C.E. E. (Translator),Preface by Ehsan Yar-Shater. The Sasanids, the Byzantines, the Lakhmids, and Yemen. State University of New York Press 1999

Clifford Edmund. Bosworth,C. E. Bosworth (Translator). History of Al-Tabari: Storm and Stress along the Northern Frontiers of the ‘Abbasid Caliphate – the Caliphate of Al-Mu’tasim A. D., Vol. 33. State University of New York Press 1991

Muhammad Zafrulla Khan (Translator), Foreword by C. E. Bosworth. Gardens of the Righteous: Riyadh as-Salihin of Imam Nawawi. Interlink Publishing Group, Incorporated 1989

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. Abbasid Caliphate in Equilibrium, Vol. 30. State University of New York Press. 1988.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. The Arabs, Byzantium and Iran: Studies in Early Islamic History and Culture, Vol. 529. Ashgate Publishing Company 1996.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund.  (Translator) History of Al-Tabari: The Reunification of the Abbasid Caliphate, A. D. 812-833, A. H. 198-213. State University of New York Press 1987.

Bosworth, Clifford Edmund. (Translator), Preface by Ehsan Yar-Shate. The Sasanids, the Byzantines, the Lakhmids, and Yemen. State University of New York Press 1999.The Hort 1870 Borchalou Kazak Rug

Notes on Creased Wool

This was a responce I posted to a question about a creased Kilem.

Forgive me for long answers but that is just the way I think. A crease in wool is a problem. Like a pair of wool pants, a crease that is set will hold for a long time and when steamed will reset. That is why we will often steam a pair of pants because the wool remembers the shape and we can avoid as much ironing. This happens because the wool fibers are scaly and when one fiber catches its scales against another they lock. As many of you will remember from kindergarten felt-boards, wool sticks to wool. This is called felting. Once wool felts it is very difficult to get it back to its previous shape. If you ever shrank a sweater, you know what I mean.

So on your Yomut kilem a crease has felted. If you iron it, it will flatten out for a while but eventually it will go back to its old crease. The trick is to unfelt it or get the fibers to unlock. One trick is to wash it and when it is wet stretch it on a board and nail it down. Wool expands when wet and shrinks when it dries. Then as it dries use a steam iron to work it flat. This works better with pile rugs but depending on how creased your rug is, it might work. One old-timer told me that he sends creased rugs to New York to be stretched like this and some of them work but on others everything is fine until a humid day and the crease pops out again.

Considerations for storage for everyone else. Felting is most likely when there is moisture, pressure, and motion. Folding a rug before it is fully dry can cause problems. Also sitting on a folded rug as a cushion can aggravate the felting. Rolling rugs is better than folding rugs in most cases.

Notes on Cyrus Parham

Ph.D. in Political Science – Literary and artistic critic – Carpet researcher

Advisory Board:

“An Introduction to the Khamseh Confederacy of Fars”. Hamburg/Berlin ICOC7 1993.

Parham, C. Tribal and Village Rugs From Fars. Vol. 1. 1986,

Parham, Cyrus and S. Azadi Tribal and Village Rugs from Fars Vol. 2. Tehran 1992. Farsi text.

Parham, Cyrus and S. Azadi: Tribal and Village Rugs from Fars Vol. 2. Tehran: 1992.

Parham, Cyrus Masterpieces of Fars Rugs Tehran 1996.

The first session was not limited to considerations of the market, however, as Cyrus Parham delivered a lecture that outlined the origins of prayer rug design, using evidence from tiles and other arts. Dr. Parham also announced the publication of his new book, Masterpieces of Fars Rugs in Farsi and English, due in March 1996. 4th Tehran Conference.

Notes on Daniel Walker

After an altogether too short a time at the Textile Museum Daniel Walker will as of October 18, 2010 “become the Pritzker Chair and Curator of Asian Art and the Chair and Christa C. Mayer Thurman Curator of Textiles at the Art Institute.”

After many years as curator Daniel Walker is leaving the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City to take over as the new Director of the Textile Museum in Washington DC. One of the greatest teachers and experts in the field of Islamic art Stuart Cary Welch speaks of Walker as one of his prize pupils and that is high praise indeed. Walker is a great talent particularly in classical Indian carpets which was the topic of his doctoral dissertation at Harvard. The funny part is that I tend to disagree with both Walker and Welch on a number of key points but my respect for them is so great that I wonder if I could be wrong.

When I was doing my paper on early Mughal carpets Walker was preparing his book and show. As I was tracking down carpets over and over again the one I wanted was on loan to the Met. He was very generous in helping me with some of the data I lacked.

Daniel Walker is to take over as the new Director of the Textile Museum in Washington DC. May 1, 2005.

Walker is Curator of Islamic Art at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Walker is among the very top experts in Classical Carpets and Mughal carpets in particular.

Former Curator, Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Ohio.

Member Hajji Baba Club.

Walker, D.S. Oriental Rugs In Cincinnati Collections. 1976.

Walker, Daniel Oriental Rugs of the Hajji Babas New York Asia Society/Abrams 1982

5 Star Guide To Oriental Rug Books

“A Survey of Classical Mughal Carpets”. Washington DC: ICOC 1980.

Walker, D.S. TURKISH RUGS. 1988, Bull. St. Louis Art Museum.

Chinagate: Original New York Times story in final edited version that did not run

The Nature of Islamic Ornament, Part II: Vegetal Design. Metropolitan Museum. Sept. 10, 1998-Jan. 10, 1999. The classical arabesque — the vinescroll, blossoms and palmettes and split leaves — via about 25 objects from the Met collection. Curator: Daniel Walker. Sponsor: Hagop Kevorkian Fund.

Walker, Daniel. Flowers Underfoot. New York, Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1997. 150 illustrations, 125 in full color, 256 pages

, 9 x 12″

If you have the slightest interest in Mughal Carpets buy this book. I do not agree with everything Walker suggests but the book is so important that my minor differences are of little consequence. The pictures are superb, Walker’s research and facts are first rate. My differences generally come from differences in conclusions.

Walker, Daniel Oriental Rugs of the Hajji Babas New York Asia Society/Abrams 1982

Not yet rated

Walker, D.S. Oriental Rugs In Cincinnati Collections. Cincinnati : Cincinnati Art Museum 1976. 103 p. : ill. (some color) ; 26.

Not yet rated

Walker, D.S. Turkish Rugs. 1988, Bull. St. Louis Art Museum.

Not yet rated

Walker, Daniel S. and Ellen S. Smart Pride of the Princes: Indian Art of the Mughal Era in the Cincinnati Art Museum. Cincinnati: Cincinnati Art Museum, 1986 Dimensions (in inches): 0.75 x 11.00 x 7.00 ISBN: 0931537037

Notes on Danny Shaffer

Shaffer was editor of Hali.

Trusted Resource List – Magazines.

Donna Endres – Views of the Tucson Show

“Good Rug? Great Rug?” Denver: ACOR4 Focus Session, Panel, 1998.

Shaffer, Daniel, Editor, Hali The International Magazine of Antique Carpet and Textile Art.

Shaffer, Daniel 1990 The Caravanserai of Life, Hali, vol 12, no. 2, issue 50, pp. 110-115.

Rippon-Boswell 17th C. ”Cantoni” Karapinar Rug lot 71

A New Improved Hali (slightly wet)

Daniel Shaffer, danny.shaffer@centaur.co.uk

Seen on

http://www.artknows.com/AK2Letters.htm

Sir,

Just to say how much we all like Artnose – a breath of fresh air.

Danny Shaffer

Editor, HALI

www.hali.com

Amazon.com: Books: Moroccan Carpets

“I wholeheartedly applaud the enormous contribution made during the past decade by Woven Legends to the revitalization of rug weaving in areas of rural Anatolia and elsewhere in the Orient. Their unswerving commitment to the best – in materials, design (both traditional and innovative), and above all in the use of natural vegetal colours – as well as to the welfare and development of the communities in which their products are made, has transformed the mass market, bringing true quality, at affordable prices, into homes of countless thousands of rug users throughout the world. ”

Danny Shaffer, Editor, Hali, The International Magazine of Antique Carpet and Textile Art

http://www.wovenlegends.com/testimonials.html

Shaffer, Daniel

1985 Central Asian Textiles: IKAT/History and Technique, Hali (London), issue 27, July/August/September, pp. 44f.


Notes on David O. Morgan

Dr. D. O. Morgan Room 321. E-mail: dm4@soas.ac.uk (on secondment 1997-8) Reader in the History of the Middle East SOAS University of London UK.

Morgan, David O. “Review of History and Historiography of the Mamluks, by Donald P. Little” in BSOAS. Vol. 51. 1988. 403.

Morgan, David O. “Review of Badr al-Din Lu’lu’, Atabeg of Mosul, 1211-1259, by Douglas Patton” in JRAS. Vol. (3rd ser.) 3: No. 2. 1993. 263-264.

Morgan, David O. “Review of Outsiders in the Lands of Islam: Mamluks, Mongols, and Eunuchs, by David Ayalon” in BSOAS. Vol. 52. 1989. 350-351.

Morgan, David O. “Review of From Saladin to the Mongols: The Ayyubids of Damascus, 1193-1260, by R. Stephen Humphreys” in IJMES. Vol. 11. 1980. 547-548.

Melville, Charles. “The Ilkhan Öljeitü’s Conquest of Gilan (1307): Rumour and Reality” in The Mongol Empire and Its Legacy. Amitai-Preiss, Reuven (edited by). Islamic History and Civilization: Studies and Texts; 24. Leiden, Boston, and Köln: E. J. Brill, 1999. 73-125.

Irwin, Robert G. “What the Partridge Told the Eagle: A Neglected Arabic Source on Chinggis Khan and the Early History of the Mongols” in The Mongol Empire and Its Legacy. Amitai-Preiss, Reuven (edited by). Islamic History and Civilization: Studies and Texts; 24. Leiden, Boston, and Köln: E. J. Brill, 1999. 5-11.

Morgan, David O. “The Mongols in Syria, 1260-1300” in Crusade and Settlement: Papers Read at the First Conference of the Society for the Study of the Crusades and the Latin East and Presented to R. C. Smail. Edbury, Peter W. (edited by). Cardiff: University College Cardiff Press, 1985. 231-235.

Morgan, David O. (editor). Medieval Historical Writing in the Christian and Islamic Worlds. London: School of Oriental and African Studies, 1982.

Holt, P. M. “Three Biographies of al-Zahir Baybars” in Medieval Historical Writing in the Christian and Islamic Worlds. Morgan, David O. (edited by). London: School of Oriental and African Studies, 1982. 19-29.

Amitai-Preiss, Reuven. “Mongol Imperial Ideology and the Ilkhanid War against the Mamluks” in The Mongol Empire and Its Legacy. Morgan, David O. (edited by). Islamic History and Civilization: Studies and Texts; 24. Leiden, Boston, and Köln: E. J. Brill, 1999. 57-72.

Notes on David Stronach

David Stronach, professor of Near Eastern Archaeology, University of California-Berkeley

Professor Near Eastern Studies UC Berkeley.

Cambridge, 1958

Articles

“The Development and Diffusion of Metal Types in Early Bronze Age Anatolia,” Anatolian Studies, 1957

“The Development of the Fibula in the Near East,” Iraq, 1959

“Excavations at Ras al ‘Amiya,” Iraq, 1961

Stronach, David. “Excavations at Pasargadae: Third Preliminary Report” Iran 3 (1965).

“Urartian and Achaemenian Tower Temples,” Journal of Near Eastern Studies, 1967

Pasargadae. A report on the excavations conducted by the British Institute of Persian Studies from 1961 to 1963, 1978

“Tepe Nushi-i Jan: The Median Settlement,” Cambridge History of Iran II, 1985

“On the Evolution of the Early Iranian Fire Temple,” Acta Iranica, 1985

“Archaeology: Median and Achaemenid,” Encyclopaedia Iranica, 1987

“Early Achemenid Coinage: Perspectives from the Homeland,” Iranica Antiqua, 1989

“On the Genesis of the Old Persian Cuneiform Script,” Melanges Jean Perrot, 1991

“The Garden as a Political Statement,” Case Studies from the Near East in the First Millennium B.C.,” Bulletin of the Asia Institute, 1991

Stronach, David. “Patterns of Prestige in the Pazaryk Carpet.” In Oriental Carpet And Textile Studies. IV, 1993,

Research Interests:  Field Research in Daghestan

For a second season, from mid-June to mid-July 1995, Professor Stronach took a team from U.C. Berkeley to join in the American-Russian excavations at the Bronze Age site of Velikent in Daghestan. Together with other members of the Velikent Expedition he also began to make a detailed study of one of Daghestan’s more intriguing early monuments: a long defensive wall constructed of distinctive Sasanian stone masonry, which appears to have been erected by Khosrow I (531-579 A.D.) in order to protect Sasanian Iran from the depredations of the Huns and other nomadic peoples that were then present in the northern Caucasus. The extant remains of this formidable barrier run inland from the coastal fortress of Derbent on the Caspian Sea for a distance of 46 km and certain of the rectangular stone forts on the line of the wall still stand to heights of 7 meters and more.

In August 1994, Prof. Stronach was the McNichol Lecturer in Near Eastern Archaeology at the University of Sydney and more recently, on July 18th, he lectured at the British Museum on “Achaemenid Archaeology on the Iranian Plateau”.

Notes on David Sylvester

The David Sylvester Northwest Persian Carpet

The David Sylvester ‘Polonaise’ fragment

The David Sylvester Mamluk carpet fragment

The David Sylvester Cairene fragments

Sothebys David Sylvester early 16th C. Ushak ‘medallion’ fragment lot 102

Sotheby’s  David Sylvester Lotto’ Ushak ‘Lotto’ carpet fragment 2nd half 16th C. lot 919

Art in America: Remembering David Sylvester

Sylvester was well known for his knowledge of ancient carpets; he curated three major exhibitions at the Hayward Gallery and his essay “Western attitudes to Eastern carpets” in the catalogue to the McMullan collection, 1972, is still considered a groundbreaking work. Michael Frances of the Textile Gallery worked closely with him on this exhibition and describes his collection of textiles as that of an art historian, not a carpet historian. “It was an aesthetic response; he was not especially interested in the history of carpet production. He was interested in space, balance, refinement of drawing and how the piece moved him as a work of art.”.

Many of the textiles are fragments, a tiny snippet of a great masterpiece, the most important piece being a late 16th-century yellow ground Persian carpet decorated with sickle-leafs and mythological creatures (estimate £8,000-12,000). THE ART NEWSPAPER – NEWS

“Sylvester played the game with increasing influence for nearly half a century. Part-critic, part-salesman of expensive carpets”. Brit Art from the Fifties: the reality versus the myth”

DAVID SYLVESTER: THE PRIVATE COLLECTION SELLS AT SOTHEBY’S FOR £2.7 MILLION

THE Private Collection of David Sylvester (1924-2001) Britain’s greatest post-war critic and curator of modern art, sold at Sotheby’s in London today for an outstanding £2,742,358. The collection of sculpture, paintings, drawings and objects was 99% sold and had been expected to fetch £1 million.

Melanie Clore, Deputy Chairman of Sotheby’s Europe, said: “We are delighted with the results of the sale which stand as a testament to David Sylvester’s exceptional taste and rich eclecticism. The collection epitomised his delight in the well-made artefact, whether from antiquity or from modern art. Today marked a major opportunity for collectors to assess the private life and collection of a key public figure in the history of modern art.”

The top lot of the sale was an Egyptian sandstone figure of King Mentuhotep III, dating from circa 2010-1998 B.C., which sold for £795,500, nearly four times its pre-sale low estimate of £200,000. This is the second highest price ever paid for an Egyptian antiquity at auction.

 

The statue was originally found in the 1930s in the Temple of Monthu at Armant on the west bank of the Nile. It combines the features of the king with the characteristics of the god Osiris, Lord of Netherworld with whom the King identified at death.

Strong prices were also achieved for early classic and medieval sculpture from South East Asia. In particular the khmer grey sandstone male torso from the 11th century which sold for £179,500 against a pre-sale estimate of £6,000-8,000, reflecting the presence of very enthusiastic group of collectors who recognised what David Sylvester saw in their simplistic beauty. Also a striking gupta red sandstone torso of a Buddha from the 5th century, which fetched £157,500, against a pre-sale estimate of £60,000-80,000.

Among the contemporary works in the collection was a charcoal drawing by Sylvester’s great friend Willem de Kooning, which had been a gift from the artist, and sold for £58,000, against a pre-sale estimate of £20,000-30,000.

A second artist who was represented in the sale and who Sylvester met and interviewed in the 1960s was Philip Guston. A drawing by him, with the dedication “To David – Philip”, sold for £55,700, more than five times its pre-sale estimate.

Rugs and tapestries formed a key part of the collection. Of particular interest was a Flemish ‘feuilles de choux’ large leaf verdure tapestry, dating from the second half of the 16th century, which fetched £58,000, more than tripling its pre-sale low estimate. Also an Ushak ‘medallion’ carpet fragment from the early 16th century, which for the last three decades had occupied a prominent position in David Sylvester’s homes, sold for £48,800.

The current record was set at Sotheby’s New York in December 1999 when a polychrome sandstone head of King Amenhotep I, from the Christos G. Bastis Collection, sold for £705,030.

Sotheby’s – Services & Information – Press Releases

McMullan, Joseph V. et al. Islamic Carpets From The Joseph V. McMullan Collection. London, England: Arts Council of Great Britain, 1972.

David Sylvester wrote the section “Western attitudes to Eastern Carpets”. May H. Beattie wrote the section “On The Making of Carpets”. Excellent plates of a World Famous collection. This is often called Joe McMullan’s little book. That is only valid in comparison to his big book.

Sylvester, David et al.: Il Tappeto Orientale Dal XV al XVIII Secolo. London 1981, 36 CP 104 pp. 11 x 8 Italian text. Early classic rugs and fragments.

King, Donald and David Sylvester

1983 The Eastern Carpet in the Western World from the 15th to the 17th Century. Arts Council of Great Britain, London.

Sylvester, David:

About modern art : critical essays, 1948 – 2000 / David Sylvester. – Rev. ed. – London : Pimlico, 2002. – 542 p. : 24 cm.

Includes bibliographical references and index. – Previous ed.: 1997

 

Notes on Dean Gooderham Acheson

Born in Middletown, Conn. in 1893, died of a heart attack in Sandy Spring, Maryland in October 12th, 1971 at age 78.

Yale Archives, “clerked for Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis before joining the Washington law firm of Covington & Burling.”

It has been alleged that while in private law practice, prior to FDR’s 1933 official recognition of the USSR, Acheson willingly became the Kremlin’s U.S. representative.

U.S. Secretary of State under Harry S. Truman 1949–52.

Assistant Secretary of State from 1941 to 1945 and a key actor with Alger Hiss in the Bretton Woods Conference.

Acheson maintained his close association with Alger Hiss after Hiss’s spying became common knowledge and allowed security at the US Department of State to remain lax despite evidence of Soviet spies.

“He served for more than twelve years at the U.S. State Department (1941-1953), first as assistant and under secretary of state and then as secretary of state during President Truman’s second term. During these years Acheson was instrumental in forging the NATO alliance, the Truman Doctrine, and the Marshall Plan; in developing America’s postwar posture towards Germany, the Soviet Union, and the People’s Republic of China; and in diplomatic negotiations during the Korean Conflict.” Yale Archives, Dean Acheson

Acheson, Dean Gooderham. A Democrat Looks at His Party 1955

Acheson, Dean Gooderham. A Citizen Looks at Congress 1957

Acheson, Dean Gooderham. Power and Diplomacy 1958

Acheson, Dean Gooderham. Fragments of My Fleece 1971

Acheson, Dean Gooderham. Morning and Noon 1965.

Acheson, Dean Gooderham. Present at the Creation 1969.

Acheson, Dean Gooderham. Grapes from Thorns 1972.

Acheson, Dean Gooderham. The Korean War.

Acheson, Dean Gooderham. Among Friends : Personal Letters of Dean Acheson

Acheson, Dean Gooderham. Sketches from Life of Men I Have Known.

Foreign Travels of Dean G. Acheson

Title: Under Secretary of State

Name: Dean G. Acheson

State of Residency: Maryland

Non-career appointee

Appointment: Aug 16, 1945

Entry on Duty: Aug 16, 1945

Termination of Appointment: Jun 30, 1947

Note: Commissioned during a recess of the Senate; recommissioned after confirmation on Sep 25, 1945.

Acheson, Dean Gooderham, (1893-1971)

Non-career appointee

1941 Assistant Secretary of State (1924-1944)

1944 Assistant Secretary for Congressional Relations and International Conferences

1945 Under Secretary of State

1949 Secretary of State

Name: Dean G. Acheson

State of Residency: Maryland

Non-career appointee

Appointment: Jan 19, 1949

Entry on Duty: Jan 21, 1949

Termination of Appointment: Jan 20, 1953

Notes on Dennis Dodds

Dennis Dodds is one of the people in the field of Oriental rugs that I really admire. From the time I started getting interested in Oriental rugs Dodds was very open to helping a new collector. I have attended his presentations at the Textile Museum and I was always impressed.

Trained as an architect and urban designer with two advanced degrees from the University of Pennsylvania, Dennis Dodds became an internationally recognized collector, author, lecturer, appraiser and consultant in the field of Oriental rugs. He was founding American Editor of HALI —The International Magazine of Antique Carpet & Textile Art, published in London, was consultant to Christie’s New York and received the McMullan Award for Scholarship and Stewardship in Islamic Art from the Near East Art Research Center in Washington, DC. He lectures around the world and writes extensively on the subject.

In 1985, he pioneered the development of innovative carpet supplements for the nation’s leading design and shelter magazines, including Architectural Digest, Interior Design, and Design Times–the Art of Interiors. These supplements, seen by millions of readers, have contributed significantly to the popularization and growth of the Oriental rug industry.

Long a volunteer for the International Conference on Oriental Carpets (ICOC) — www.icoc-orientalrugs.org — he was elected in 1999 to the leadership position of Secretary General. Devoted to promoting a broader public awareness and appreciation of Oriental and decorative carpets, Dennis continues his work in architecture and as a pre-eminent consultant and dealer in rare rugs, bringing the art of these products to collectors, interior designers, architects and design-conscious consumers.

Notes on Donald King

Deceased.

Former Keeper of Textiles in the Victoria and Albert Museum and President of CIETA.

King, Donald, Contributing Editors, Hali The International Magazine of Antique Carpet and Textile Art.

King, Donald. et al. Ikats, Woven Silk From Central Asia The Rau Collection. 1988,

King, Donald. et al. Turkoman Rugs in the Victoria and Albert Museum. London: 1980.

King, Donald. Imperial Ottoman Textiles. London: (1981?).

King, Donald, Robert Pinner and Michael Franses 1981 Eastern Mediterranean Carpets in the Victoria & Albert Museum, Hali, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 36 – 52. London.

King, Donald and David Sylvester The Eastern Carpet in the Western World from the 15th to the 17th Century. Arts Council of Great Britain, London. (See especially Cairene carpets in the Mamluk style, pp. 59-64; Other Holbein, Para-Mamluk and Compartment carpets, pp. 64-67; Cairene carpets in the Ottoman style, pp. 79-83). 1983

King, Donald. Samplers. London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, Victoria and Albert Museum, 1960.

King, Donald, and Santina Levey. The Victoria & Albert Museum’s Textile Collection: Embroidery in Britain from 1200 to 1750. New York: Canopy Books, 1993.

DONALD KING’S COLLECTED TEXTILE STUDIES

Edited by A. Muthesius and M. King

The late Donald King (d. 1998) was the founding father of textile studies in England. His knowledge of the technology and history of textiles of all periods across many lands remains unsurpassed. An erudite and yet modest scholar, he did much to promote the academic understanding of textiles, both in this country and abroad. His role as Keeper of Textiles in the Victoria and Albert Museum, allowed first-hand technical analysis of a large number of medieval and later textiles over a very wide range of techniques. This laid the foundations for his abiding interest in textile techniques, which was allied to his fascination with textile terminology as it appeared in documentary sources. Much of his museum scholarship found its way into publications such as the Victoria and Albert Museum Bulletin and Hali magazine. From 1977 onwards, as President of C.I.E.T.A. (the International organisation for the study of early textiles), he led a powerful lobby of textile specialists, including all the major museum keepers of textiles across the globe. His scholarship during this period was well represented through detailed and erudite articles of technical, art historical and contextual significance, published in the C.I.E.T.A. Bulletin. His twin role as scholar and textile keeper represented the meeting of the academic and the museum worlds across textile studies.

This publication gathers together for the first time a representative selection of Donald King’s scholarship, in seventeen studies written and published over the period 1960-1999. Seven of the papers are grouped to illustrate the wide range of techniques across which he was able to publish (woven IX; embroidered X, XI; tapestry XII; printed XIIIand pile/carpet techniques XIV, XV). Three further papers (II, III, VIII) illustrate his tremendous facility for close technical analysis of his materials, whilst his linguistic gifts, which allowed him to solve the intricate puzzles posed by textile terminology used in medieval sources, are celebrated in four further papers (IV-VII). Study II shows how he integrated these different avenues of approach into the intricate textile method that he developed. Two more papers have been included, to illustrate Donald King’s notable ability to communicate his enthusiasm and expertise about textiles to a wide audience. The study entitled ‘Magic in the Web’ (XVII) was designed to engage the general public and it was received with tremendous enthusiasm both as a lecture and as a published piece. The paper on ‘Early Textiles with Hunting subjects in the Keir collection’, (I) served both the academic and the museum world, and it illustrated for the connoisseur what could be learnt by those engaged in building up private collections of medieval textiles.

CONTENTS:

Preface

I: Early textiles with hunting subjects in the Keir Collection

II: The textiles found near Rayy about 1900

III: Some notes on warp faced compound weaves

IV: Sur la signification de ‘diasprum’

V: Two medieval textile terms: ‘Draps d’Ache’, ‘Draps de 1’Arrest’

VI: Types of silk cloths used in England 1200 -1500

VII: Silk weaves of Lucca in 1376

VIII: A parallel for the linen of the Turin shroud

IX: Some unrecognised Venetian woven fabrics

X: A Venetian embroidered altar frontal

XI: Medieval and Renaissance embroidery from Spain

XII: How many Apocalypse tapestries? XIII: Textiles and the origins of printing in Europe

XIV The Ardabil puzzle unravelled

XV: The carpet collection of Cardinal Wolsey

XVI: Roman and Byzantine dress in Egypt

XVII: Magic in the Web

Additional Notes

Index

24 x 17 cm 456 pp. 150 illus.

£150.00

Publication: Spring 2002

ISBN 1 899828 66 4

Cloth Bound

Notes on the Dinetah (Navajo)

NMAI Exhibitions – Woven by the Grandmothers – Object 2

Beeldléí (blanket), ca. 1875.

Handspun wool and raveled yarn,

160.8 x 188.2 cm. (21.4886)

I was only at NMAI a few days when I realized that when our staff said Dinetah they referred to the people I had called the Navajo. Dinetah or Dineh is what the Navajo call themselves. In these pages I will use both as it seems appropriate with no intentions of either political correctness or disrespect. This will be an ongoing project that I will add to as the spirit moves me.

Dinetah (Navajo) History and Culture:

National Museum of the American Indian

Of Stone and Stories: Pueblitos of Dinétah Excellent scholarly site on Navaho history by the Museum of New Mexico and the Bureau of Land Management.

Navajo Nation Homepage

Navajo: informative links to general Navajo-related sites.

History of Navajo-Churro Sheep, a rare, endangered species. Very informative commercial site by Churro sheep breeders.

Navajo Homes Interesting look at everything from early hogans to modern “ranch houses”.

Dinetah (Navajo) Rugs
Begay’s Navajo Weaving Studio www.Navajo-indian.com. A Navajo weaver and her work. Prominent weaver quoted in NMAI Exhibitions – Woven by the Grandmothers.

Navajo Blanket Weavings by Lee Anderson & Eric Anderson. Informative but only one illustration.

Navajo Rugs Styles on the Reservation Informative site that draws on the work of the late Tom Bahti.Reservations and patterns with map.

Penfield Gallery of Indian Arts Navajo Rug Exhibit Attractive display of Navajo rugs by weaver.

Len Wood’s INDIAN TERRITORY Attractive and informative commercial site with excellent information.

Navajo Code Talkers. .

See Cryptology: Navajo Code Talkers in World War II for US Navy fact sheet on the code talkers.

Marine Corps: Navajo Code Talkers

Navajo Code Talker Dictionary

Native Americans in the U.S. Military

Books about the Navajo Rugs (incomplete)

Blomberg, Nancy J. Navajo Textiles:The William Randolph Hearst Collection. Univ. of Arizona 1988.

Dedera, Don. Navajo Rugs, How to Find, Evaluate, Buy, and Care for Them. Northland Press, Flagstaff, Arizona, 1975.

James, George Wharton. Indian Blankets and their Makers. Rio Grande Press, Inc. Glorietta, N.M., 1974 (1st published in 1927).

James, H.L. Posts and Rugs. Southwest Parks and Monuments Assn., Globe, Arizona, 1976 1979.

Maxwell, Gilbert S. Navajo Rugs Past Present and Future. Bell West Publications, Palm Desert, California, 1963,

Kahlenberg, Mary Hunt and Anthony Berlant. Navajo Blanket . L.A. Praeger Publishers/Los Angeles County Museum of Art, 1972, 112p. plus 83 b/w and color illus. and plates, maps.

Rodee, Marian E. Southwestern Weaving. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, N.M., 1977.

Books by or about the Navajo

Adair, John, Illustrated by Various Photographers The Navajo and Pueblo Silversmiths. University of Oklahoma Press, 1946

Amsden, Charles Avery Navaho Weaving Its Technique and History. The Rio Grande Press, Chicago, 1964. Reprint of 1934 issue. Map endpapers. 261pp. b&w photos of weavings. Color large fold-out of a Navajo rug.

Barker, Rodney The Broken circle: a true story of murder and magic in Indian country. Simon & Schuster New York, NY 1992.

Bennett, Kay & Russ Navajo Saga. Naylor 1969. 239p. B&W illus.

Campbell, Tyrone and Joel and Kate Kopp Navajo Pictorial Weaving 1880-1950: Folk Art Images of Native Americans. Dutton New York 1991

Curtis, Edward S. (collector) and John Bierhorst (editor) The Girl Who Married A Ghost And Other Tales From The North American Indian. NY: Four Winds Press, 1978. “Contains 9 tales from the North American Indians, includes section on books by and about Edward S. Curtis. 28 full page photographs. “Dickinson Books, Shelburne Falls, MA, U.S.A.

Goble, Paul The Girl Who Loved Wild Horses. Bradbury Press, NY 1978.

Goossen, Irvy W. Navajo Made Easier. Northland Press 1973

Greenberg, Martin (Ed.) The Tony Hillerman Companion: A Comprehensive Guide to His Life and Work. HarperCollins Publishers New York: 1994

Gridley, Marion E. The Story of the Navajo. Putnam, 1971

Hillerman, Tony Talking God. Harper & Row, Publishers New York: 1989

Hillerman, Tony, Bulow, Ernie Navajo Taboos. New Mexico: Buffalo Medicine Books, 1991 (50 copies numbered and signed by Bulow, Hillerman and Franklin.)

Hillerman, Tony and Ernie Bulow Talking Mysteries: A Conversation With Tony Hillerman. Univ. of New Mexico Press Albuquerque: 1991 137pp. “Black and white illustrations by Ernest Franklin. Includes a Jim Chee Mini – Mystery.” McAllister & Solomon Books, Wilmington, NC, U.S.A.

Hogner, Dorothy Childs. Navajo Winter Nights Folk Tales and Myths of the Navajo People. New York, NY Thomas Nelson Publishers 1935. 180pages

Luckert, Karl W. et al (translators: Goosen, Irvy W. & Bilagody, Harry Jr.) American Tribal Religions Volume One Navajo Mountain and Rainbow Bridge Religion. Flagstaff: Museum of Northern Arizona, 1977

McNitt, Frank Navajo Wars; Military Campaigns, Slave Raids and Reprisals. University of New Mexico Press 1972

Melanson, Yvette D. Safran, Claire Looking for Lost Bird :a Jewish woman’s discovery of her Navajo roots. New York: Avon Books, Inc. 1999. Story of a baby stolen from the Navajo and sold to a Jewish Family in New York.

Paul, Doris The Navajo Code Talkers. Philadelphia, 1973, 170pp, “The story of the Navajo code talkers in the Pacific in WW II. The language confounded the Japanese.” Curt Bruce, Escondido, CA, U.S.A

Perceval, Don with Lockett, Clay A Navajo Sketch Book. Flagstaff, Arizona: Northland Press, 1974 Hard Cover. “Perceval’s perceptive pen shows the Navajo, or Deneh as they prefer to call themselves, in their “pre-pickup truck period.” all phases and traits of Navajo culture is captured with precision and insight gained through a deep personal interest, study and observation over a period of 35 years. Significant addition to the lore of the Navajo and provides both students and laymen alike with a fascinating picture of a way of life that is slipping away. Color and b/w drawings.” Abyssbooks, Broomfield, CO, U.S.A.

Peterson, Scott Native American Prophecies. New York, NY Paragon House 1990. 250pp.

Plateau Tension and harmony: the Navajo rug. Plateau, Vol. 52, No. 4. Plateau Flagstaff, AZ 1981.

Rice, Josiah M Cannoneer in Navajo Country: Journal of Private Josiah M. Rice, 1851. Denver Pub.Library Old West Publishing Co.1970 .

Roberts, Willow Stokes Carson: Twentieth-Century Trading on the Navajo Reservation.New Mexico, 1987.

Roessel, Ruth & B.H.Johnson, comps. Navajo Livestock Reduction: A National Disgrace. Navajo Com. Colorado Press,1974 224p.

Shepardson, Mary. Navajo Ways in Government: A Study in Political Process]. Menasha, Wisc: American Anthropological Assoc. 1963

Stewart, Irene A Voice in Her Tribe. Socorro, NM: Ballena Press, 1980 84 pp. A Navajo Woman’s own story. Ballena Press Anthropological Paper #17.

Wallis, Ethel Emily. God Speaks Navajo. Harper 1968.

Williams, Jr., Aubrey W. Navajo Political Process. Smithsonian,1970. Vol 9, 75p. B&W illus.

Willoya, William and Brown, Vinson, Illustrated by Yazzie (Navajo), Jim Redcorn (osage), al Momaday (kiowa), Clayton Sampson (paiute) Warriors of the Rainbow: Strange and Prophetic Dreams of the Indian Peoples. Calif. Healdsburg: Naturegraph Company, 1062

Worth, Sol & John Adair Through Navajo Eyes: An Exploration in Film Communication and Anthropology.1975) 286p.

 

Notes on Donna Endres

Donna Endres stands in two worlds. She operates Istanbul to Samarkand an Oriental Rug store in Austin and is also prominent in Radio.

Istanbul to Samarkand

Donna Endres

Oriental Rugs & Silk Route Artifacts

1101 West 34th St. Austin, Texas 78705

Tel: 512 451-8533

Direct importer of semi-old, antique and decorative weavings from Anatolia, the Transcaucasus and Central Asia. Also stocks

Afghanistan and Persian rugs. Established in 1985, Endres travels frequently to Turkey and the Caucasus seeking interesting

examples. Also handles Kutahya and Isnik ceramics, pillows, bags and trappings. Annual exhibition/sales.

Series Affiliate and Educational Outreach Coordinator for Passport To Texas. Feb. 16, 1998/Radio Series Brings Texas Outdoors Into Classroom

 

Small Business Insights

From the May 12, 2000 edition

She’s got it covered

Austin woman turns hobby into art of selling rugs

Melissa Gaskill Special To The Austin Business Journal

There are many places in Austin to buy rugs. Istanbul to Samarkand Tribal Rug Gallery sells art for your floor.

“My specialty is `real’ rugs, which are authentic pieces from the weaving areas of the world, not reproductions,” says Donna Endres, the store’s owner and only employee. “The rugs I sell have collectible value, whether they are old or not. Real rugs hold their value or increase in worth with time.”

She says that in the past 15 years, collectible rugs have performed in much the same way as Austin real estate has.

“It’s an investment, a way to put money into art,” she adds. Art you can walk on

Endres discovered woven art while living in Istanbul in the late 1980s. The bold patterns of the Anatolian kelims made locally appealed to her fine arts background, and she began buying rugs for herself.

“At that time, there were a lot of them, and they weren’t too high-priced,” she recalls.

Friends who came to visit her overseas loved the rugs, too, and Endres helped them select and buy rugs for themselves. She asked plenty of questions and collected knowledge along with her rugs.

Real estate agent Claudette Lowe was one of those who visited Endres in Turkey and continues to purchase rugs from her.

“The thing about Donna is that she is so knowledgeable. Her advice is always right. It became a passion with her, and she’s become one of the experts in the U.S.,” Lowe says.

“I have sent her a lot of clients and everyone who deals with her calls and thanks me for recommending her, she is so personable. She cares about what she is doing, is passionate about it, and that shows.”

After moving back to Austin, Endres made periodic trips to the East, bringing home suitcases full of rugs. She sold them to friends, often over wine and cheese at her own or someone else’s home. She joined the Houston Oriental Rug Society and the Textile Museum, attended the American Conference on Oriental Rugs, and began amassing a personal library on rugs and weaving. Those credentials are important in this field.

“There are a lot of reputable, well-meaning people in the business,” rug conference board member Mark Hopkins says, “and a lot of snakes. It is hard to tell people how to know the difference.”

Because the societies are dedicated to education, he says, a dealer’s membership in one assures a buyer that the seller is at least further along on what is a long learning curve.

“It is a very complex field and requires a lot of self-education and experience,” he says.

Endres paid as much attention to building her reputation as she did to expanding her collection.

“I built a reputation as someone who is reputable, with great pieces and great prices.”

Her customers agree.

“She really tries to do right by her customers,” says author Mary Willis, who began buying from Endres six years ago and turned her sister into a customer as well. “We’ve shopped around enough to have a sense of prices, and she does very well in that regard.”

Endres decided early on to use profit from rug sales solely to build her inventory, and she took a full-time job as a radio producer to make that work. For 12 years, she used her connections and friends in Turkey to find small quantities of rugs, and each year her sales increased.

Then last December, a small retail building at West 34th Street and Medical Parkway became available, and Endres realized a long-time dream of opening a gallery. The additional space has made it possible to enlarge inventory and to display larger rugs, as well as to offer related services such as appraisal, cleaning and restoration. She knows it’s easier for people to casually shop at the gallery, rather than having to make a private appointment.

Most of Endres’ original clients continue to buy from her, as do a steady stream of new customers, many of them young people with their first homes. The popularity of hardwood floors in Austin serves Endres well. Factors such as these have propelled the business’ revenue into six figures, and the first quarter in the new location approximated that of the business’ previous four quarters.

Naturally, there were opening and promotion expenses, the cost of additional inventory and higher operating costs. Still, Endres opened the gallery without raising her prices. She intends to increase her sales volume, yet remain small enough to focus on individual attention to customers.

She serves mainly people who make a distinction between commercial and non-commercial, Endres says, and who want something unique.

“Her rugs are like snowflakes — no two are alike,” says Realtor Jeannette Cook, another longtime client. “The more you learn, the more fascinating it is, all the different tribes and how weaving is a part of their culture.”

When Barbara Savage travels from New Jersey to visit her daughter Dina Berger, she usually fits in a trip to Endres’ gallery.

“You just can’t find these anywhere else,” says Savage, who has antique rugs in each of her bathrooms and a number of other rooms. “Everybody comments on my rugs.”

What Endres enjoys is helping people understand what they like and finding an appropriate rug. She remembers her clients, the rugs they bought, where those rugs fit and what will go with them.

She also knows her collection, choosing deftly from the piles of larger rugs along the walls or the smaller ones stacked on shelves to match a client’s previous purchase or new need. She’s even taken rugs back from customers when their needs changed and they wanted something different.

Because she personally buys the rugs, Endres is familiar with the history and value of each piece.

“I love her stories of what the symbols on the rugs mean,” Willis says. “She often knows the people who made the rugs. It’s like you have something living.”

Many of the rugs she sells were originally made to keep, Endres says, not to sell. These pieces of woven art are considered assets in the weaving world.

Today, there are hardly any antique rugs still on the market, and even newer, good rugs are harder to find. But Endres continues to travel regularly to weaving areas in the Middle East to carefully choose rugs. The name of the business stems from Turkey’s “Silk Road,” stretching from Istanbul to Samarkand.

“Those years in Turkey gave me relationships with people,” she says. “The Iranians and the Turks, if they like and respect you, they’ll give you special treatment.”

The customers of Istanbul to Samarkand are the real beneficiaries of that treatment.

MELISSA GASKILL is an Austin-based free-lance writer.

Copyright 2000 American City Business Journals Inc.

This article is reproduced here solely for the purpose of furthering scholarly discussion in the field of Oriental rugs and this use is protected under the fair use provision of the US Copyright law.

Notes on Doris Leslie Blau

Press Release Sotheby’s

SOTHEBY’S TO SELL SELECTIONS FROM THE DORIS LESLIE BLAU COLLECTION ON OCTOBER 1, 2002

On October 1, 2002 Sotheby’s in New York will offer for sale carpets and tapestries from the Collection of Doris Leslie Blau, the leading dealer in fine antique carpets and textiles in the US for the past 30 years. The sale will include the rare and unusual pieces for which Mrs. Blau is known, offering a variety of rugs, carpets and tapestries from the 16th century through the Art Deco period. Sotheby’s exhibition will begin on Wednesday, September 25th until Monday, September 30th. The collection of over 200 items personally selected by Mrs. Blau is estimated to sell for $3.5/4.5 million.

Mary Jo Otsea, Head of Sotheby’s Carpet Department, noted: “Doris Leslie Blau is legendary in the carpet world for her extraordinary eye and captivating personality. Her success in the field has been an inspiration to many and Sotheby’s is honored to offer this collection which celebrates the unique, eclectic and discerning eye of Mrs. Blau.”

Mrs. Blau, referred to by designer Michael Smith as “the oracle of the rug world,” began her career in the carpet world in 1964 with her then husband, prominent dealer Vojtech Blau. In 1972 she established her own gallery on 57th street, subsequently moving to her present premises on Fifth Avenue. In 1998, Mrs. Blau began a successful partnership with Nader Bolour that has expanded the business and assured its continuation into the future. Most recently she has launched a line of new carpets woven from her own designs. This fall she will offer a second collection of new carpets created by a group of today’s most prominent designers at her Contemporary Design Gallery in the Fuller Building at 57th Street and Madison Avenue.

All of the carpets in this sale come from the Fifth Avenue gallery including a mid-19th century Bessarabian Kilim, finely worked with an unusual overall design of cornucopias, measuring 13 feet by 10 feet 5 inches (est. $60/80,000); a bold medallion design and subtly colored Ziegler Mahal carpet from the late 19th century, measuring approximately 15 feet 10 inches by 11 feet 8 inches (estimated to sell for $40/60,000); a large cotton carpet from Agra, India, featuring a maple leaf pattern and a wide border with eclectically drawn and spaced leafy vines, 17 feet 9 inches by 14 feet 6 inches (est. $80/120,000); and two rare American hooked carpets, (10 feet 8 inches by 8 feet 8 inches and 13 feet 10 inches by 10 feet 11 inches), each with a tile pattern filled with ducks and other fowl, (estimated to sell for $25/35,000 and $30/40,000 respectively.)

Notes on Dr. and Mrs. Peter Alford Andrews

Andrews and his wife Mughal Andrews are two of the most knowledgeable people about Turkmen life. Andrews is a Professor of Architecture and did his doctoral thesis on nomadic tents. Highly regarded in Anthropological circles.My understanding is that Mughal Andrews is of Yomut ancestry.

“The Turkmen Wedding Tent in Historical Context”. Hamburg/Berlin ICOC7 1993.

Peter Andrews, “Turkmen Tents”. Washington DC: ICOC 1980.

Andrews, Mugal and Peter: Turkmen Needlework, Dressmaking and Embroidery Among the Turkmen of Iran ; London: 1976.

Andrews, P. A. Nomad Tent Types in the Middle East. Part I: Framed Tents. 1977,

Andrews, P.A., Azadi, S. U., Rautenstengel, A. & U., Sienknecht, H. Ch. Wie Blumen In Der Wuste. 1993.

Andrews, Peter and Mugal: The Turkoman of Iran. Kendal: 1971.

Azadi, S. & Andrews, P.A. Mafrash. 1985, German/English

Azadi, Siawosch and Peter A. Andrews: Mafrash, Woven Transport Pack from the Shahsavan. Berlin: 1985.

Andrews, Peter. “BOOKS”. Hali 97, 1998. page 98. “Peter Andrews on The Kyrgyz and Their Reed Screens by John Sommer.”

Andrews, Peter Alford Ethnic Groups in the Republic of Turkey. Reichert, Weisbaden: 1989

Dr. Peter Andrews

Curriculum vitae Dr. Peter Andrews

Mughal Andrews

Wife of Peter Andrews and an authority on the peoples of Southwetern Asia in her own right.

Turkmen heritage and fluent in Turkmen.

Andrews, Peter and Mugal: The Turkoman of Iran. Kendal: 1971.

Notes on Dr. Herbert Exner

Dr Herbert Exner is one of Europe’s leading figures in the field of collectable Oriental Rugs. Familiar to many of us from his many years of writting for Oriental Rug Review. More recently he has become a Contributing Editor for Hali The International Magazine of Antique Carpet and Textile Art.

President of the German rug society Teppichfreunde.

Exner, Herbert, Contributing Editors, Hali The International Magazine of Antique Carpet and Textile Art.

President of the German rug society Teppichfreunde and long-time European auction reviewer for Oriental Rug Review.

Teppichfreunde

Fall in Germany, Nagel, Mangisch, and Rippon-Boswell, Review by Herbert J. Exner, Oriental Rug Review, Vol. 11/3

Kilims in a Warehouse, Peter Willborg’s Exhibition by Herbert Exner, Oriental Rug Review, XIII/3

“On the Block: The European Auctions,” ,by Herbert Exner, Oriental Rug Review, XIV/5/32-40

Tresors 1994, by Herbert J. Exner, The Singapore Fair and an interview with William Robinson of Christie’s, Oriental Rug Review, Vol. 15/5

Auctions in Europe After the Big Bang, by Herbert J. Exner, The winter and spring sales in the post- Eberhard Herrmann era, Oriental Rug Review, Vol. 15/5

To Restore or Not to Restore, by Herbert J. Exner, Oriental Rug Review, Vol 15/6

(Rippon-Boswell) EH Still Casts Long Shadows, An interview, the true story of the odyssey of Rippon-Boswell, auctioneers, Stuttgart, Germany. Oriental Rug Review, #125, XVI

Peter Willborg’s Textile Treasures, catalog review by Herbert J. Exner, Oriental Rug Review, #125, Vol. 16/2

Notes on Dr. Khosrow Sobhe

Dr. Khosrow Sobhe A.K.A. Keykhosro Sobhe

Khosrow Sobhe is to the Western World the voice of the Persian Carpet industry. He is a frequent spokesman for the Iranian Carpet Exporters Association. He is also on the board of Directors.

“Sobhe Trading was established in Tehran in 1953 by late Mr.Ramezan Ali Sobhe to do Persian carpet business.

From1979 , the sons who were educated in the United States, continued and expanded their family business.

” Eng. Ali Sobhe, Daryush Sobhe, Dr. Khosrow Sobhe ”

They opened up a branch (office & warehouse) in 1985 in the Free Port of Hamburg. Since so many of the customers were willing to import their carpets directly from Iran, Sobhe Trading transferred all its activities to Tehran, in 1992.

Now, Sobhe Trading with decades of experience in an area of 4000 m2 with several warehouses and fully computerized system is directly exporting all kinds (including new sizes) of Persian carpets to different countries around the world.”

Notes on Dr. Lois Beck

Dr. Lois Beck is one of my very favorite people in the field. She is witty, engaging, and one of the greatest Anthropologists ever. Her books delve far deeper into the Qashqai tribethen any other anthropologist has on any of the other tribes of Southwest Asia. She shows more about the Qashqai then Barth on the Baseri or even the great Richard Tapper on the Shahsevan.

Lois was a speaker at Textile Museum Rug Convention several years ago. She has also spoke to the International Hajji Baba Society in Washington. Beck is a friend of Jim Opie’s. She is married and has one daughter.

Education – Anthropology University of Chicago Ph.D. 1977

Dr. Beck is a professor of Anthropology at Washington University, Saint Louis. Beck is a highly regarded authority on the Qashqai.

Speaker at Textile Museum Rug Convention 1995.

Beck, Lois. Nomad A Year in the Life of a Qashqai Tribesmen in Iran. 1991,

Beck, Lois. The Qashqai of Iran.

Beck , Lois. and Keddie, Nikki. Women in the Muslim world. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1978.

Tribes and the State in Nineteenth- and Twentieth-century Iran. In Tribes and State Formation in the Middle East. Philip Khoury and J. Kostiner, eds. Berkeley: University of California Press. 1990

1991 Nomad: A Year in the Life of a Qashqa’i Tribesman in Iran. Berkeley: University of California Press; London: I. B. Tauris.

Rostam: Qashqa’i Rebel. In Struggle and Survival in the Modern Middle East. Edmund Burke, ed. Berkeley: University of California Press. 1993

Beck, Lois The Qashqa’i People of Southern Iran UCLA Museum of Cultural History 1981 paperback 8.5 x 11 inches with 31 pages and b&w photos. Good. Light shelfwear and soiling. Cover has long indentation mark when viewed from the side. Middle East. Qashqa’i, Iran. UCLA Museum of Cultural History Pamphlet Series Number 14

Women in Iran from the Rise of Islam to 1800

Edited by Guity Nashat and Lois Beck

Combining scholarship from a range of disciplines, this collection of essays is a comprehensive examination of the role of women in Iranian society and culture, from pre-Islamic times to 1800. The contributors challenge common assumptions about women in Iran and Islam. Sweeping away modern myths, these essays show that women have had significant influence in almost every area of Iranian life.

Focusing on a region wider than today’s nation-state of Iran, this book explores developments in the spheres that most affect women: gender constructs, family structure, community roles, education, economic participation, Islamic practices and institutions, politics, and artistic representations.

The contributors to this volume are among the most prominent international scholars working in this field, and each draws on decades of research to address the history of Iranian women within the context of his or her area of expertise. This broad framework allows for a thorough and nuanced examination of the history of a complex society.

A CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title, 2005.

Guity Nashat is an associate professor of history at the University of Illinois at Chicago. She is the author of The Origins of Modern Reform in Iran, 1870-1880, the editor of Women and Revolution in Iran, and the coauthor of Women in the Middle East and North Africa.

Lois Beck is a professor of anthropology at Washington University in St. Louis. She is the author of Nomad: A Year in the Life of a Qashqa’i Tribesman in Iran and The Qashqa’i of Iran and coeditor of Women in the Muslim World.

October 2003

272 pages. 6 x 9 inches. 12 photographs.

Cloth, ISBN 0-252-02839-2. $43.00

Paper, ISBN 0-252-07121-2. $19.00

Women’s Studies / Middle Eastern Studies / Religion / Anthropology

 

Notes on Edmund M. Herzig

Herzig, Edmund M. The Volume of Iranian Raw Silk Exports in the Safavid Period, Iranian Studies, v.25, n.1-2, pp.61-79. 1992

Herzig, Edmund M. New Caucasus, The: Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia

Persian Studies – University of Manchester

Academic Name:

Edmund M. Herzig, BA, DPhil

Room Number:

SG10

Telephone Number:

275 3070

Principal Teaching/ Research Interests:

Iranian and Armenian History; Medieval and Early Modern Economic History of the Middle East; Modern and Contemporary History, Politics and International Relations of Iran, the Caucasus and Central Asia. Department of Middle Eastern Studies at the University of Manchester

11/26/03 George Bournoutian mentioned to me that Edmund Herzig has a major book to be published in the Mazda series on the Merchants of New Julfa. While it will be of interest to all studentsof Armenian history it should be of particular interest to those of us interested in Carpets and Persian trade through the Caucasus.

Notes on Edward Hetzel Schafer

Schafer, Edward H. The Golden Peaches of Samarkand. Berkeley: 1963.

Edward Hetzel Schafer, 1913-1991.

Agassiz Professor of Oriental Languages and Literature. Edward H. Schafer, graduated with his Ph. D. from the Department of Oriental Languages, U.C. Berkeley, in 1947. He taught at the University from that time until his retirement in 1984. He held the Agassiz Professorship from 1969 to his retirement in 1984. Professor Schafer was an uncommonly gifted interpreter of mediaeval Chinese culture, noted particularly for his pioneering work on the material culture of the Tang dynasty and on Taoism. His works, including 13 books and over 100 articles, are marked by a superior command of the language and cultural background of texts from that period, and by their sensitive and imaginative renderings of those texts into colorful and challenging English. In 1983-1984, he held the post of Faculty Research Lecturer, one of the highest appointments the University can bestow on one of its own. Professor Schafer was a consummate teacher: articulate and intellectually demanding yet compassionate. A Hundred Harvests: East Asian Studies at Berkeley

Schafer refused to sign a loyalty oath at Bekeley.

Notes on Eleanor Sims and Ernest J. Grube

Ernest J. Grube was the assistant curator of Near Eastern Art at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City.

Grube, Ernst J. “A Drawing of Wrestlers in the Cairo Museum of Islamic Art” in Quaderni di studi arabi. Vol. 3. 1985. 89-106.

Grube, Ernst J.: A Mirror for Princes from India. Illustrated Versions of the Kalilah wa Dimnah, Anvar-i Suhayli, Iyar-i Danish and Humayun Nameh. Bombay, 1991.

Grube, Ernst J.: At the Sublime Port. Ambassadors to the Ottoman Empire (1550-1880). Exhibition: Hazlitt, Gooden & Fox, 1988.

Grube, Ernst J. The Classical Style in Islamic Painting Italy Edizioni Oriens 1968

Grube, Ernst J.COBALT AND LUSTRE NEW. The first centuries of Islamic pottery. 1995.

Grube, Ernst J. (Edt) Islamic Art : An Annual Dedicated to the Art and Culture of the Muslim World. Oxford, 1987

Grube, Ernest J. (ed) et al ISLAMIC ART (A Biennial Dedicated to the Art and Culture of the Muslim World) IV 1990-1991 The Bruschettini Foundation for Islamic and Asian Art, Genoa, 1992.

Grube, Ernst J.: Islamic Pottery of the Eighth to the Fifteeenth Century in the Keir Collection. London, 1976.

Grube, Ernst J. Islamic Paintings from the 11th to the 18th century in the collection of Hans P. Kraus. New York: H. P. Kraus, 1972.

Grube, Ernest J. Landmarks of the World’s Art, The World of Islam. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1966.

Ernst J Grube Mirror For Princes From India: Illustrated Versions Of The Kalilah Wa Dimnah,Anvar-I-Suhayli Iyar-I Danish And Humayun Marg Publications, Bombay, 1991

Grube, Ernest J. Muslim Miniature Paintings From the XIII to XIX Century from Collections in the United States and Canada. Venice: Neri Pozza Editore, 1962.

Grube, Ernst J. The Paintings of Jim Moon. Durham, NC: NCCU Art Museum, North Carolina Central University , 1991 ,

Grube, Ernst J. “Pre-Mongol and Mamluk Painting” in Islamic Painting and the Arts of the Book. Robinson, B. W. (edited by). Vol. II. London: Faber and Faber,1976. 67-81.

Grube, Ernst J. “Prolegomena for a Corpus Publication of Illustrated Kalilah wa Dimnah Manuscripts” in Islamic Art. Vol. 4. 1990-1991. 301-481.

Grube, Ernst J. “Review of Der orientalische Knüpfteppich: Versuch einer Darstellung seiner Geschichte, by Kurt Erdmann” in Der Islam. Vol. 35. 1960. 208-227.

Grube, Ernst J. Venezia. Fondazione Giorgio Cini. Centro di Cultura e Civiltà. Istituto di Storia dell’Arte. Miniature islamiche dal XIII al XIX secolo da collezioni americane. Catalogo della mostra a cura di Ernst J. Grube. Con l’assistenza di Alberta Maria Fabris. (Cataloghi di Mostre. Vol. 17.) Vicenza (Neri Pozza), 1962.

Grube, Ernst J. Studies in Islamic Painting. London. Pindar Press. 1995.

Mitchell, George. text by Grube, Ernst J. Architecture of the Islamic World, its history and social meaning. Thames and Hudson. 1995

Philon, Helen. foreword, Angelos Delivorias ; preface, Ernst J. Grube ; an essay on the inscriptions, Manijeh Bayani-Wolpert ; a technical note, R. E. Jones ; drawings by T. Townsend Walford ; photographs by Vanessa Stamford Early Islamic ceramics :ninth to late twelfth centuries Islamic Art Publications ;Totowa, N.J. :Distributed by Sotheby Parke Bernet Publications,1980.

Sims, Eleanor.

Eleanor Sims, New York, New York.

Daughter of the late Deborah and Eugene P. Sims. Two brothers Theodore and Randall.

Received pH.D. in 1973 from Institute of Fine Arts, New York University.

Curator of Islamic Galleries at Minneapolis Institute of Arts, 1975;

taught at University of Minnesota and University of Pennsylvania.

Editor of Islamic Art:

“Trade and Travel,” Architecture of the Islamic World, London, 1978.

“The 17th Century Safavid Sources of Qajar Oil Painting,” Persian Art and Culture in the 18th and 19th Centuries, Edinburgh, 1979.

The Painted Decoration of the 17th Century Safavid Pavilions in Isfahan, with Ernst J. Grube.

“The Painting of Iran,” forthcoming in The Arts of Persia, with Ernst J. Grube.

“Persian Miniature Painting in the Minneapolis Institute of Arts,” Bulletin of the Minneapolis Institute of Arts, 1975.

“Persian Miniatures as a Source for Persian Carpets”. Washington DC: ICOC 1980.

Review – SWIETOCHOWSKI, MARIE LUKENS & STEFANO CARBONI, with essays by A. Morton & Tomoko Masuya, Poetry and Epic Images: Persian Painting of the 1330s and 1340s (Eleanor Sims) 29/1, July 1995, p. 97


Notes on Elizabeth J. W. “Betchen” Barber

Elizabeth Barber, professor of archaeology and linguistics at Occidental College in Los Angeles.

“Elizabeth J. W. “Betchen” Barber

Professor

A.B. Bryn Mawr College

Ph.D. Yale University

Betchen teaches basic courses in linguistic analysis, historical linguistics, and sometimes “language and the brain,” as well as Bronze Age archaeology of the Old World. Her research includes: various interfaces between archaeology and linguistics; prehistoric textiles, costume, myth ritual, and dance, especially in Greece and Eastern Europe; Indo-European Studies; decipherment theory and practice; origins of language and other human communication; second language acquisition. ”
“The Archeological Evidence for the Origin of Weaving and Carpets”. Hamburg/Berlin ICOC7 1993.

Barber, E. J. W. Prehistoric Textiles. 1991,

Barber, Elizabeth Wayland. Women’s Work. 1994,

Barber. E. J. W. The Mummies of Urumchi.

Notes on Emmett Eiland

Emmett Eiland is one of the county’s outstanding rug dealers. I have been to his store in Berkeley and it is a wonderful mix of new and old, decorative and collectable. ShareThis

“Emmett Eiland (along with his brother Murray) founded the Oriental Rug Company in 1969 in Berkeley, California after graduating from the University of California. From the beginning, the Eilands made buying and research trips to Afghanistan, Iran, Turkey and the Caucasus. Through newsletters, books, exhibitions, seminars, films and public talks, the Eiland’s did much to create a fertile oriental rug scene in the San Francisco Bay Area.

By 1975, Emmett was operating the Oriental Rug Company by himself, and, by 1979, he was joined in the business by his wife Natasha. Today, Emmett and Natasha Eiland’s Oriental Rug Company is the oldest fully active rug store in Northern California. The business is centered in an 8000 sq. ft. showroom in Berkeley.”

A 5 Star Book!

Emmett sent me a draft of Oriental Rugs Today before it went to press and I went over it line by line and I was very impressed. When I got back to Emmett with a few questions about certain points I was really impressed because Emmett was right on some of the points I thought I had him on. I ended UP learning some things I had thought I already knew.

I really got a kick out of it when the publisher quoted me on the back cover but frankly I mean it when I say:

“This is the single best book on the carpets most people will be buying.”

Eiland is a prominent dealer in new, old, antique, and tribal rugs in Berkeley California.

Trusted Resource List – Rug & Carpet Dealers In The U.S.

Eiland, Emmett and M. Shockley: Tent Bands of the Steppes ; Berkeley: 1976.

Welcome to Emmett & Natasha Eiland’s InternetRugs

Re: Recommendation: Make “Collectibility” a Low Criterion

Antiques / Rugs

Oriental Rugs Today

Central Asian and Chinese

Re: Chinese Tabriz

Quotables for Emmett Eiland

Emmett Eilands Oriental Rug Co.

Emmett & Natasha Eiland’s InternetRugs

Tapetology: Resources for Learning More

Express Online : Books : Reviews

Eiland, Emmett, Foreword by Eiland, Murray, Jr. Oriental Rugs Today. Berkeley: Berkeley Hills Books, 1999.

Notes on Erol Kazanci

The leading Istanbul carpet dealer. I have sent people to Erol and have always received great reports. Erol is not just an Istanbul dealer he is a world dealer. I have no problems recommending him.

Erol Kazanci

Trusted Resource List – Rug & Carpet Dealers Outside The U.S.

“Zakatala Rugs” Santa Monica: ACOR 3, 1996.

ACOR 3 Preview

Catmas (velvet yastiks)

Odds & Ends: Personal Notes. Marla Mallett

Guide to Zakatala rugs

Gallery Shirvan

Erol Kazanci

Halicilar Street 50/52/54, Grand Bazaar, Beyazit, Istanbul, Turkey (Erol sold his other shop years ago)

Tel: 90-212-522-4986 or 90-212-520-6224

Fax: 90-212-522-4987

Travelling in Turkey by Gregory Kimble 13 October 2002

“In Istanbul, don’t miss Galelri Sirvan, Kesiciler Cadesi 55-57, in the Grand Bazaar. The owner is Erol Kazanci, the dean of Turkish rug dealers. Erol maintains a superb supply of relatively high-end pieces. He doesn’t bargain very much. We’ve bought several of our best rugs from him; and paid prices that were high, but fair considering quality.”

Seen in Turkish Daily News

Carpets have been my main obsession in Turkey, and there are several dealers worthy of note, both in Ankara and Istanbul. Gallery Shirvan in Istanbul’s Kapalicarsi (Grand Bazaar) undoubtedly has some of the finest Oriental carpets and kilims anywhere in Turkey. Proprietor Erol Kazanci is particularly knowledgeable in his field and has lectured on antique rugs at the Textile Museum in Washington, D.C. Always willing to lend a helping hand in the tough decisions involved in carpet-buying, Erol has an uncanny knack for knowing exactly what it is that will please you and can assist you in English, German, Swedish, Danish, Norwegian and Italian as well as a bit of French, and of course, Turkish.

Notes on Esin Atil

Atil, Esin. ed. Islamic Art & Patronage. Treasures From Kuwait. 1990,

Atil, Esin and O. Hoare The Unity of Islamic Art. Riyadh 1985.

Atil, Esin Renaissance of Islam Atil, Esin. Renaissance of Islam; Art of the Mamluks. Washington: Smithsonian Institution

Atil, Esin, The Age of Sultan Süleyman the Magnificent, New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1987

Atil, E., The Age of Süleyman the Magnificent (exh. cat.), Washington DC: 1987.

Atil, Esin. ” Ottoman Miniature Painting Under Sultan Mehmed II.” An Orientalis 9 (1973): I03-20.

Atil, Esin. “Mamluk Painting in the Late Fifteenth Century.” Muqamas, 1984) pp.163-9.

Atil, Esin. Ceramics from the World of Islam in the Freer Gallery of Art. Washington, DC, 1973.

Atil, Esin. The Brush of the Master: Drawings from Iran and India. Washington DC: 1978.

Atil, Esin Renaissance of Islam: Art of the Mamluks. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington. (Textiles and Rugs, pp. 223-248). 1981

Renaissance of Islam: Art of the Mamluks.review by Lois Ibsen al-Faruqi, The Muslim World, vol. LXXIII, no. 3-4, July – October 1983, Pp. 278-279.

Atil, Esin. Renaissance of Islam: Art of the Mamluks. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1981.

Atil, Esin. Kalila wa Dimna: Fables from a Fourteenth-Century Arabic Manuscript. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1981.

Atil, Esin. “Mamluk Painting in the Late Fifteenth Century” in Muqarnas: An Annual on Islamic Art and Architecture. Vol. 2. 1984. Pp. 159-172.

Atil, Esin, Exhibition of 2500 Years of Persian Art, Washington DC: 1971.

Atil, E., The Age of Süleyman the Magnificent (exh. cat.), Washington DC: 1987.

Notes on Eva Baer

Eva Baer, Ph.D., Full Professor Emeritus –  Islamic Art, The Yolanda and David Katz Faculty of the Arts, Department of Art History, Tel Aviv University

Baer, Eva. “‘Fish-Pond’ Ornaments on Persian and Mamluk Metal Vessels.” Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 31 (1968): I4-27

Baer, Eva. “Review of Metalwork of the Islamic World: The Aron Collection, by James W. Allan” in Asian and African Studies: Journal of the Israel Oriental Society. Vol. 23. 1989. 108-109.

Baer, Eva. “Review of The Image of the Word: A Study of Quranic Verses in Islamic Architecture, by Erica Cruikshank Dodd and Shereen Khairallah; and Islamic Metalwork: The Nuhad es-Said Collection, by James W. Allan” in Asian and African Studies: Journal of the Israel Oriental Society. Vol. 18. 1984. 330-334.

Baer, Eva. Sphinxes and Harpies in Medieval Islamic Art: An Iconographical Study. Oriental Notes and Studies; 9. Jerusalem: The Israel Oriental Society, 1965.

Baer, Eva. “The Ruler in Cosmic Setting: A Note on Medieval Islamic Iconography” in Essays in Islamic Art and Architecture in Honor of Katharina Otto-Dorn. Daneshvari, A. (edited by). Malibu, California: Undena Publications, 1981. 13-19.

Baer, Eva. Metalwork in Medieval Islamic Art. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1983.

Baer, Eva. “The Artistic Character of Mamluk Doorways in Jerusalem” in Asaph: Studies in Art History. Kenaan, N. (edited by). Publication of the Tel Aviv University, Faculty of Fine Arts; Section B, vol. 1. Tel Aviv: Tel Aviv University, 1980. 133-166.

Baer, Eva. “Review of Islamic Metalwork of the Eighth to the Fifteenth Century in the Keir Collection, by Géza Fehérvári” in BSOAS. Vol. 40. 1977. 171-172.

Baer, Eva. “‘Fishpond’ Ornaments on Persian and Mamluk Metal Vessels” in BSOAS. Vol. 31. 1968. 14-27.

Baer, Eva. Islamic Ornament Edinburgh, 1998.

Baer, Eva.  Islamic Ornament New York: New York Univ Press,  1998

Baer, Eva.  Ayyubid Metalwork With Christian Images (Studies in Islamic Art and Architecture, Vol 4) Brill Academic Publishers; 1997

Baer, Eva.  Metalwork in Medieval Islamic Art

Baer, Eva.  Visual Representations of Jerusalem’s Holy Islamic Sites. Jewish Art. Vol. VIII

Artibus Asiae v55, fasc3-4, 1995. Paper, F. Including an article on Indian painting and one by Eva Baer on Persian lacquer.

Contributor – The Dictionary of Art. Grove’s Dictionaries.

Notes on Ewald Wagner

Wagner, Ewald. “Review of The Middle East in the Middle Ages: The Early Mamluk Sultanate, 1250-1382, by Robert Irwin” in Zeitschrift für Geschichte der Arabisch-Islamischen Wissenschaften. Vol. 7. 1991/1992. 293.

Wagner, Ewald. “Notice of Die Epitome der Universalchronik Ibn al-Dawadaris im Verhältnis zur Langfassung: Eine quellenkritische Studie zur Geschichte der ägyptischen Mamluken, edited by Gunhild Graf” in ZDMG. Vol. 141. 1991. 437-438.

Wagner, Ewald. “Notice of The Evolution of a Sufi Institution in Mamluk Egypt: The Khanqah, by Léonor Fernandes” in ZDMG. Vol. 140. 1990. 199.

Wagner, Ewald. “Review of The Islamic Law on Land Tax and Rent: The Peasants’ Loss of Property Rights as Interpreted in the Hanafite Legal Literature of the Mamluk and Ottoman Periods, by Baber Johansen” in ZDMG. Vol. 139. 1989. 437-439.

Wagner, Ewald. “Review of Kitab al-Luma` fi al-Hawadith wa-al-Bida`, edited by Subhi Labib” in ZDMG. Vol. 138. 1988. 393-394.

Wagner, Ewald. “Review of Ibn Khaldun and Islamic Ideology, edited by Bruce B. Lawrence” in ZDMG. Vol. 137. 1987. 428-429.

Wagner, Ewald. “Review of Masalik al-Absar fi Mamalik al-Amsar, edited by Ayman Fu’ad Sayyid” in ZDMG. Vol. 137. 1987. 430.

Wagner, Ewald. “Review of Land Tenure and Social Transformation in the Middle East, edited by Tarif Khalidi” in ZDMG. Vol. 136. 1986. 204.

Wagner, Ewald. “Review of Fihrist Watha’iq al-Qahirah hattá Nihayat `Asr Salatin al-Mamalik (239-922 AH/853-1516 AD), by Muhammad Muhammad Amin” in ZDMG. Vol. 134. 1984. 192.

Wagner, Ewald. “Review of Ägypten nach den mamlukischen Lehensregistern, by Heinz Halm” in ZDMG. Vol. 133. 1983. 208.

Wagner, Ewald. “Review of Medieval and Middle Eastern Studies in Honor of Aziz Suryal Atiya, by Sami A. Hanna” in ZDMG. Vol. 124. 1974. 405-407.

Wagner, Ewald. “Review of Some Early Definitions of the Tawriya and Safadi’s Fadd al-xitam `an at-tawriya wa-‘listixdam, by Seger Adrianus Bonebakker” in ZDMG. Vol. 118. 1968. 410-411.

Wagner, Ewald. “Review of The Arabic Manuscripts of Mount Sinai: A Handlist of the Arabic Manuscripts and Scrolls Microfilmed at the Library of the Monastery of St. Catherine, Mount Sinai, by Aziz Suryal Atiya” in ZDMG. Vol. 106. 1956. 395-398.

Notes on Farrukh Beg

Farrukh Beg was a Mongol artist who was in Khorasan until 1585 with artists who had been in the atelier of Ibrahim Mirza in Khorasan . He spent 1585 to 1600 at the the atelier of Akbar. Farrukh Beg was downsized in 1600 in the same design shift in which Miskin fell out of favor. He was in the Deccan until 1608 and this shows the style he used when he returned to the court of Jahangir in Mughal India. While the realistic detail in Mughal Shrub Carpets may derive from European botanicals the rows of clumps of flowers appears to have entered the Mughal design repertoire from the work of Farrukh Beg upon his return from the Deccan.

It is commonly written that Farrukh Beg was a Persian born artist but I have decided that that is unlikely. Farrukh is a very talented artist and there is no other Farrukh who was of similar stature at the court of Akbar. So when we look at Abu’l Fazl list of the most important artist I believe that Farrukh Beg is the Farrukh the Qalmaq listed ninth. A Qalmaq or Kalmuck as it is often written refers to a member of the Oirat tribe. The Oirat were a Mongol tribe that in 1453 assassinated the Chingizi Mongol Khan Toqtoa-buqa and became vassals of China. An extremely important and powerful tribal nation- state the Oirat held the land from the upper Yenisi to the valley of the Ili. For a discussion of the Oirat in this period see Rene Grousset’s The Empire of the Steppes,   p. 507 – 509.

JVS Wilkinson referes to Farruk Beg as “the Khalmuq Painter” In describing how Jahangir rewarded him with 2000 Rupees. Wilkinson, INDIAN ART. Page 41.

Eternal beauty of the painted gardens

Ibrahim

The Turkmen Prisoner- 1590 – 1600 Signed by Farrukh Beg.

Farrukh Beg

(b c. 1547; d after 1615). Persian painter, active in India. He went to India at the age of 39. His year of birth, AH 954–5 (AD 1547–8), has been calculated from an inscribed painting, executed when he was 70 in AH 1024. His ethnic origin has been given by Abu’l Fazl as Qalmaq and elsewhere as Qaqshali (a misreading of Qashqa’i?). He evidently received his training in Khurasan, probably from artists associated with the production of a manuscript of Jami’s Haft awrang (‘Seven thrones’; Washington, DC, Freer) for Prince Ibrahim Mirza, governor of Mashhad 1564–77. His earliest surviving work comprises four miniatures in a simplified Khurasani style in a manuscript of Amir Khusraw’s Khamsa (‘Five poems’; Cambridge, King’s Coll.) dated AH 978–9 (AD 1571–2) at Herat. This manuscript evidently travelled to India because the attributions include the title Nadir al-`Asri (‘wonder of the age’) bestowed on him by the Mughal emperor Jahangir (reg 1605–27) before AH 1024 (AD 1615). Farrukh Beg went to Kabul and entered the service of Muhammad Hakim, half-brother to the Mughal emperor Akbar (reg 1556–1605). On 13 March 1580 he negotiated the sale, to Akbar’s library, of a manuscript, recently illustrated with two miniatures in Khurasani style, possibly by him. After the death of his patron in July 1585 he travelled with Muhammad Hakim’s son and others to the court at Rawalpindi and entered Akbar’s service

Notes on Ferenc Batari

Highly regarded Museum collector from Budapest

Batari, Ferenc: Alte Anatolische Teppiche. Budapest: 1974.

Batari, Ferenc. Five Hundred Years in the Art of Ottoman Turkish Carpet Making. Budapest 1986. 6.5 x 9. Exhibit catalog Batari, Ferenc. Ancient Oriental Rugs from Private Collections in Budapest. Budapest: 1986.

Batari, Ferenc. Ottoman Turkish Carpets. 1994,

Batari, Ferenc. Persian Rugs. Museum Of Applied Arts. 1978

Batari, Ferenc. Five Hundred Years In The Art Of The Ottoman – Turkish Carpet Making. Museum Of Applied Arts. 1986

Batari, Ferenc. Alte Anatolische Teppiche. 1974 Aus dem museum für Kunstgewerbe in Budapest, Austelling im Steiermärkischen Landes museum, Johanneum Abteilung für Kunstigewerbe, Graz, August – Oktober 1974

Batari, Ferenc. Turkoman Rugs. Budapest Museum Of Applied Arts. 1979

Batari, Ferenc. Old Turkish Rugs In Kecskemet. Budapest Museum Of Appiled Art 1981.

“The Double Niche “Transylvanian” Prayer Rug”. Hamburg/Berlin ICOC7 1993.

Notes on Franz Bausback

Bausback, F. 1979: Alte Und Antike Orientalische Knupfkunst.

Bausback, F. 1980: Alte Und Antike Chinesiche Knupfkunst.

Bausback, F. 1982: Alte Und Antike Orientalische Flachgewebe.

Bausback, F. Alte Und Antike Meisterstucke Chinesicher Teppichkunst. 1974,

Bausback, F. Alte Und Antike Orientalische Knupfkunst. 1981,

Bausback, F. Anatolische Knupfkunst Aus Vier Jahrhunderten. 1978,

Bausback, F. Antike Orientalische Knupfkunst. 1976, German.

Bausback, F.1987: Antike Teppiche Sammlung 1987/1988.

Bausback, Franz. Antike Teppiche Sammlung 1987/88 Mannheim 1987. Hardback. Major German dealer’s catalog.

Bausback, Franz. Susani, Stickereien aus Mittelasien (Embroideries from Central Asia) Mannheim 1981. German text.

Bausback, Franz: Neue Anatolische Dorfteppiche Mit Aturfarber. Mannheim: 1982.

Bausback, Franz: Alte Knüpfarbeiten der Belutschen. Mannheim.1980

Notes on Friedrich Sarre

Friedrich Sarre was one of the great German Scholars. Germany was a center of rug scholarship up until WWII.

Friedrich Sarre was an important author and collector in Germany in the early part of the twentieth century. He co-authored Old Oriental Carpets with Hermann Trenkwald that is still a much quoted classic today.

The Berlin Saph

Mughal Fighting Elephant Fragment

Sarre, R., & Trenkwald, H. Oriental Carpets

Sarre, Friedrich, Die Ägyptishche Herkunft der sogen: Damaskus-Teppiche, Zeitschrift für bildende Kunst, vol. 32, pp. 75-82. 1921

Sarre, Friedrich: Journey in Asia Minor Summer 1895. Research for the Seljuk art and geography of the country. Berlin, Reimer 1896.

Sarre, Friedrich L’art de la Perse ancienne, par F. Sarre; traduction de Paul Budry, 150 planches hors texte (1921)5

Paris: Crès et cie, 1921.

Sarre, Friedrich. Herzfeld Ernst, Iranische Felsreliefs aufnahmen, Berlin, Verlegt Bei Ernst Wasmuth, 1910.

Sarre, Friedrich. Die kunst des Alten Persien. Bruno Cassirer Verlag, Berlin, 1923.

Sarre, Friedrich. Martin, F. R. Die ausstellung von meisterwerkwn muhammedanisches kunst in Muchen 1910. London: Alexandria Press 1985 2 vol. : 287 pages,

Sarre, Friedrich. Denkmäler Persischer Baukunst. Berlin: Ernst Wasmith. 1910

Sarre, Friedrich. Erzeugnisse Islamischer Kunst. 1906. Berlin: Karl von Kommissionsverlag 1906

Notes on Friedrich Spuhler

Friedrich Spuhler is one of Europe’s most important rug Scholars particularly on Classical Carpets. Former curator of the Museum of Islamic Art, Berlin. Spuhler wrote an excellent catalogue of the museum’s carpet holdings, Spuhler, Friedrich. Oriental Carpets in the Museum of Islamic Art, Berlin.

1977-1978 adviser in the establishment of the Carpet Museum of Iran in Teheran.

Studied art and art history, at the Johannes Gutenberg University in Mainz, then in Berlin.

Wrote doctoral thesis on so-called Polonaise Carpets.

“Teppiche und Textilien” in Propylaen Kunstgeschicte, Vol 4, Die Kunst des Islam Berlin, 1973.

Old Eastern Carpets, co-author with Hans Konig and M. Volkmann, Munich, 1978.

Articles in Hall: Vol. 1, no. 3; Vol. 2, no. 2.

“Uncomfortable Questions and Unknown Carpets from the Berlin Collection”. Washington DC: ICOC 1980.

Spuhler, F. Islamic Carpets & Textiles. In Louisiana Revy, 1987

Spuhler, F. Textile Fragments / Textile Fragmente. 1988,

Stack, L. The Pile Thread. Carpets, Velvets & Variations. 1991,

Spuhler, Friedrich. “‘Chessboard’ Rugs” in Oriental Carpet and Textile Studies. Vol. 2. 1986. 261-269.

Spuhler, Friedrich. “Bisat, c. Egypt: Mamluk, Ottoman, and Chess-Board Carpets” in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. 2d edition. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1980. Supplement, 138.

Spuhler, Friedrich, Preben Mellbye-Hansen, and Majken Thorvildsen 1987 Denmark’s Coronation Carpets. The Royal Collections at Rosenborg Palace, Copenhagen.

Spuhler, Friedrich Islamic Carpets and Textiles in the Keir Collection. Faber & Faber, London. 1978

Notes on Gail Martin

Gail Martin, a New York-based textile expert and curator of the Goldman Collection. MFA — Press Room – Ikat – Fact Sheet

Hajji Baba Club member.

Ikat Specialist

Curator Goldman Collection.

Gail Martin Gallery

Information – History

TSA 1998 Site Seminars

11 May 1998

IKAT COMES TO WASHINGTON

(Textiles from Islamic world on exhibit at Sackler Gallery) (1030)

Washington — This is the year for textiles in the United States. Art

lovers and collectors alike are buying and selling them and are

flocking to exceptionally fine showings of the splendid art that

captivated Marco Polo and other travelers to the Mongol Empire.

In New York, an exhibition of 8-15th century silk tapestries,

embroideries, and brocades drawn from collections of the Metropolitan

Museum and the Cleveland Museum of Art is currently on view at the

Metropolitan.

Now the Sackler Gallery in Washington has opened its first-ever

exhibition of textiles from the Islamic world.

on April 26, an exhibition of 66 brilliantly colored textiles on loan

from the American Foundation for Textile Art, Inc., opened to the

public. The show is titled “Ikat: Splendid Silks of Central Asia from

the Guido Goldman Collection.” The intricately dyed and woven 19th

century silk textiles from the area now known as Uzbekistan and

Tajikistan range in size from small, mounted panels to large hangings

5-to-6-feet wide by 7-to-8-feet long.

Collector Dr. Guido Goldman grew up in a home filled with art and was

drawn to ikat textiles because of his lifelong love of color. “It was

not my intention at the outset to build an important collection,” he

told reporters at the opening of the Washington show. “In fact, I was

late for an appointment when I first spotted an ikat in the window of

the Textile Gallery in New York back in the 1970’s. I bounded upstairs

to the second-floor gallery of Gail Martin, who ultimately ended up

becoming curator of the collection,” he explained. “Gail explained to

me how an ikat was made and where in Central Asia this particular

piece had been produced.”

That day Goldman acquired his first ikat.

Then he decided to get another. “When I found out more about ikats, I

discovered it was hard to get them,” he said. “That intrigued me

because if they had been very plentiful, I probably would have gotten

a few to put on my walls and that would have been that.”

Goldman admitted that he had never been to Istanbul and Afghanistan

and knew little of those cultures until recent years. “As I purchased

more ikats,” he explained, “I had no well-formed purpose in mind other

than the desire to acquire pieces that moved me. It was color and

design, and to some degree condition, that determined what I bought.”

Goldman’s acquisitions contain no chemically dyed ikats. Instead, he

seeks out multicolored artworks with relatively complex designs, which

generally belong to earlier periods.

The term “ikat” is a Malay-Indonesian word, which defines both the

boldly colored textiles with softly blurred edges and the intricate

cloth-making process. The ancient method of resist-dye weaving that

produced them is practiced in many parts of the world — from Japan

and Indonesia to India, Africa and the Americas.

The pattern is prepared before the textile is woven, by binding and

dyeing one or both sets of threads. In all their visual variety, ikat

textiles played an important role in bringing together weavers and

dyers from the many cultures of Asia. Tajiks, for example, specialized

in dyeing reds and yellows; Jews controlled the trade and use of

indigo dye, which came from India; and Uzbeks, wove the “adras,” or

ikats made of silk and cotton in a cloud-like design.

Although ikats have been produced in many parts of the world, those

created in Central Asia during the nineteenth century are unrivaled in

their vibrant colors and explosive patterns. Ikat wall hangings and

robes brought the brilliant color of blooming gardens to a stark,

desert region.

Spectacular ikat coats in silk and velvet sometimes were worn in

multiple layers with as many as ten coats upon one another, to

establish the social status of men and women. Ikat hangings, such as

those in the exhibition, are also referred to as abr, or “cloud” and

were used to embellish mud-plastered walls, covered niches and doors,

and to construct outdoor pavilions for ceremonial occasions.

The entire Guido Goldman Collection of more than 200 ikat

wall-hangings and robes was assembled over a twenty-year period and is

almost entirely made up of ikats from the first half of the nineteenth

century. The remainder falls into the middle period of production in

the third quarter of the century. Goldman’s collection of Central

Asian ikats is the largest and most comprehensive in the world,

capturing a glorious but brief moment in the history of art.

According to Massumeh Farhad, associate curator of Near Eastern

Islamic art at the Sackler Gallery and the neighboring Freer of

Gallery of Art, who organized the presentation for Washington, “Ikats

produced in the 19th century in the once-illustrious Central Asian

cities of Bukhara and Samarkand in what is now Uzbekistan, as well as

in the towns of the Gerghana Valley in Uzbekistan and Tajikistan, are

unrivaled for their rich colors and dynamic designs.”

By the 1870s, synthetic dyes had been introduced into the ikat-making

process and the Russian occupation of Central Asia began to undermine

the extraordinary, multiethnic cooperation essential to the production

of ikat textiles.

“Ikat: Splendid Silks of Central Asia from the Guido Goldman

Collection” opened in 1977 at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts. It was

displayed subsequently at the M.H. de Young Memorial Museum in San

Francisco.

Following the Sackler showing, which closes September 7, the

exhibition is scheduled to travel to the Jewish Museum in New York

City (February-April, 1999); the Art Institute of Chicago (September

1999-January 2000), and the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston (spring

2000).

The exhibition is accompanied by two award-winning publications: A

comprehensive catalog of the Guido Goldman Collection (with text by

Kate Fitz Gibbon and Andrew Hale) features more than 400 color

illustrations; and a soft-cover edition features the text and some 70

color plates. Both books are published by Laurence King (London,

1997).

Notes on Genghis Khan

Genghis Khan 1167 -1227 (Cinggis Qan, Ghingis Khan, Jenghiz Khan Chingis Khan, etc…).

After the death of (Mutugen son of Chagatai) at the siege of Bamiyan Cinggis Qan ordered the death of all living things and the destruction of the town (1221 my date). Ratchnevsky, Genghis Khan. Page 164.

Cinggis Qan died as result of injuries from a wild horse battue in the winter of 1226. Ratchnevsky, Genghis Khan. Page 141.

1179 A young man who would grow up to be Cinggis Qahan (Ghingis Khan) of the Mongols was aided by the son of the Chieftain of the Arulat clan. (The young man was Bo’orcu. He became one of Cinggis Qahan’s Dorben Kulu’ud (Great Warriors)) Yuan ch’ao pi-shih, quatrain 90.

Mutugen Son of Chagatai favorite grandson. After the death of Mutugen at the siege of Bamiyan Genghis Khan ordered the death of all living things and the destruction of the town (1221 my date). Ratchnevsky, Paul. Genghis Khan His Life and Legacy. Page 164.

Hulagu, son of Tolui, grandson of Cinggis Qan and brother to Mangu and Kublai

The Cingissid line of descent was considered too be only the offspring of Genghis Khan and his first and chief wife Borte. This produced Four sons Jochi, Chagatai, Ogadai, and Tolui.

 

Notes on George Washington O’Bannon

I knew vaguely who George O’Bannon was long before I collected carpets. I knew his wife Helen first. I was introduced to her by the late George Bloom. Helen was a Democrat and she got Blooms seat on the Pennsylvania PUC in a Government shake-up. She was someone to watch in those days because there was talk that the Dems would run her for Governor. All I knew was that they were a respectable family, the husband George was in Business and they had four sons. Helen never got her shot at Governor she died young of breast cancer.

When I got to know George I realized he was more than just the respectable father of four. He in his way was every bit the equal of his dynamic wife. George and I were not friends. I liked him and admired him but he was always too reserved for me to presume that we were friends.

George was the protege of the late Don Wilbur. O’Bannon and Wilber first teamed up at American Friends of the Middle East. Later George went to Afghanistan as Deputy Director of the Peace Corps in Afghanistan.

George’s strengths and to some extent his weakness were focus and specialization. Those things that George focused on he mastered. It seemed when he set out to study an area he did his homework. His bibliography as an outgrowth of that he wanted to focus on the available information so he made a comprehensive list.

In 1973 George opened a carpet store in Pittsburgh and later moved to Philadelphia. In 1987 O’Bannon Ron O’Callaghan and Don Wilbur launched a color magazine version of Oriental Rug Review. After Helen’s death George sold his business and retired from ORR and moved to Tucson Arizona. George spent his time writing, traveling and enjoying life. He passed away after an illness October 2, 2000.

Was one of the most important rug scholars, O’Bannon had a major influence on the state of rug scholarship in his day. O’Bannon was a Peace Corp official in Afghanistan and learned about rugs there. He later began writing books and articles as well as becoming a rug dealer first in Pittsburgh and then in Philadelphia. O’Bannon was editor of Oriental Rug Review. George retired to Arizona where he passed away after an illness (non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma) October 2, 2000

Cornell class of 1961, majored in Government.

1964 American friends of the Middle East (where I believe he first got to know and work with Don Wilbur.).

1966 – 1968 Assistant Director of the Peace Corps in Afghanistan. Walter Blass was Director of the Peace Corps in Afghanistan in that same time period.

A friend of George’s recalled that George’s rug store was burglarized and while George was attending to the damage and having plywood placed over the broken window Helen passed away.

George had a long friendship with number of Oriental Rug Experts including Charlie Ellis, Dick Wright, Ray Rosenberg, Ron O’Callaghan, Don Wilbur, Beth Mendenhall, and others.

George was certainly not all sweetness and light and could be acerbic at times however he was also blamed for many things that he never did. There was a parody of a team of rug scholars that caused a huge fuss that George was blamed for that he did not write. He was also accused of being Dr. Cabistan. The primary author of the Dr. Cabistan column is one of the World’s beloved rug experts who is never suspected and certainly not George.

I remember a number of years ago John Howe wanted to build a Turkmen loom. I was just back from seeing George in Tucson and I had meet a young man whose father owned a large number of looms first in Afghanistan and then later in Turkestan. The young fellow was a student at the University of Arizona and I suggested that John contact him through George. The father of the fellow was a friend of George’s and interestingly enough also a good friend of one of the Turkotek group from Chicago. I remember the kindness George showed in helping out John. That was the sort of fellow he was, kind and generous to a fault.

For years rumors circulated about George having worked for the CIA. At dinner once I asked George if he had. He was quite adamant that he had never worked for them and that his time in Afghanistan was solely on behalf of the Peace Corp. I think it important to note that both the CIA and the Peace Corp made very clear lines of division to protect our Peace Corp workers in dangerous situations around the world. So even though one ex-CIA lawyer formerly of Virginia claims otherwise I am content to conclude he was not CIA and probably not even a covert contractor.

Ellis and O’Bannon

The Joseph V. McMullan Award

George O’Bannon

George O’Bannon

O’Bannon, George W. Oriental Rugs.

O’Bannon, George W. The Turkoman Carpet

O’Bannon, G. W. “The Saltiq Ersari Carpet” Afghanistan Journal, Jg.4 H. 3, 1977: pg. 111 – 121.

O’Bannon, G. W. From Desert and Oasis; Arts of the People of Central Asia. 1998.

O’Bannon, G. W. Oriental Rugs. A Bibliography. 1994.

O’Bannon, G. Woven Treasure. 1986.

O’Bannon, G. W. & Garr, R. Tribal Treasures. Carpets and Jewelry From Central Asia. 1994.

O’Bannon, G., Wood, W. A., Irons, W. & Mushak, P. Vanishing Jewels: Central Asian Tribal Traditions. 1990.

AORTA Conference

“Uzbek, Arab, and Kyrgyz” Denver: ACOR4 Focus Session, 1998.

O’Bannon, George W. Kazakh and Uzbek Rugs from Afghanistan. Pittsburgh: 1979.

O’Bannon, George: Tulu: Traditional 20th Century Pelt-Like Rugs from Central Anatolia. Philadelphia: 1987.

O’Bannon, George. Baluch Rugs from Afghanistan, I. Taimani Rugs, Hali, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 352-356. 1982

Baluch Rugs from Afghanistan, 2. Aksi Rugs, Hali, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 127-130. 1982

The Nomenclature of Baluch Rugs, Oriental Rug Review, vol. 3, no. 5, August, pp. 6-7. 1983

Mushwani Baluch, Hali, vol 7, # 1, issue no. 25, January. 1985

Yacub Khani and Dokhtar-I-Ghazi Baluch Rugs, Oriental Rug Review, vol. 9, no. 2, December/January, pp. 16-20. 1989

THE SARYQ MAIN CARPET

O’Bannon, G. W. From Desert and Oasis; Arts of the People of Central Asia. 1998.

Another solid performance from one of the great rug authors. George does a good job but what makes this book special is the accessibility of the goods. What I mean is the rugs are the types of rugs that people with homes and families are collecting. As such it will help most collectors understand what is in the market and in their collections.

From the Publisher:

This catalogue documents the Georgia Museum of Art’s landmark exhibition of over 100 artifacts from the urban and rural peoples of Central Asia. The major ethnic groups represented include Uzbeks, Turkmens, Kyrgyz, Kazakhs, and Arabs from the recently independent countries of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkeminstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan, as well as from Iran and Afghanistan. This publication features a comprehensive essay and technical analyses by internationally recognized textile scholar George O’Bannon.

Exhibition Dates: February 14-April 26, 1998

Essay by: George O’Bannon

114 p.; Illustrated (includes 32 color plates); Essays: 9; Published: 1998; $30.00

ISBN 0-915977-34-6

Georgia Museum of Art | Publications

Moshkova, V.G. edited by George W. O’Bannon. Carpets of the People of Central Asia. Tucson 1996

Moshkova is controversial but this work is pivotal; in understanding Turkmen Rugs and Turkmen Rug scholarship.

O’Bannon, G., Wood, W.A., Irons, W. & Mushak, P. Vanishing Jewels: Central Asian Tribal Traditions. 1990.

I have not read this one but everyone tells me it is an excellent book.

Would You Buy Vanishing Jewels? Four responses

O’Bannon, George W. Kazakh and Uzbek Rugs from Afghanistan. Pittsburgh: 1979.

Not rated yet.

O’Bannon, George W. Oriental Rugs. Philadelphia: Running Press, 1995.

A wonderful and very inexpensive introductory general rug book. Buy a copy. Autographed by the author at his home in Tucson fall of 1997.

O’Bannon, G. W. Oriental Rugs. A Bibliography. 1994.

One of the great reference sources on rug literature.

O’Bannon, G.W. Tribal and Village Rugs from Arizona Collections. Tucson: Aorta, 1998.

Good rugs, Good books. O’Bannon does a superb job of cataloguing the 1998 Aorta show.

O’Bannon, G.W. & Garr, R. Tribal Treasures. Carpets and Jewelry From Central Asia. 1994.

Not rated yet.

O’Bannon, George W. The Turkoman carpet. London (UK): Duckworth, 1974.

I like this book. O’Bannon gives an interesting and fun look at Afghan Turkoman carpets. There is something special about this book that is hard to describe but it is my favorite by O’Bannon. Autographed by the author at his home in Tucson fall of 1997. There was one printing but the book was released first with one cover and then the last 5000 were released with a less expensive cover. George tells me that mine was in the first group.

O’Bannon, George: Tulu: Traditional 20th Century Pelt-Like Rugs from Central Anatolia. Philadelphia: 1987.

Not rated yet.

O’Bannon, G. Woven Treasure. 1986.

Not rated yet.

GEORGE W. O’BANNON (1936-2000)

Oriental rug scholar, George W. O’Bannon, passed away in Tucson, Arizona on 2 October, aged 64 years. The cause was lymphoma. O’Bannon’s writings on the carpets, textiles, costumes and people of Central Asia inspired a generation of enthusiasts.

After serving in the navy in the 1950s, he studied Political Science at Cornell University and earned a Master’s degree in Middle Eastern Studies at Stanford. While studying in California he met his wife-to-be, Helen Bohen. Soon after their marriage in 1962, the couple moved to Washington DC, where George worked for the Department of Agriculture and the American Friends of the Middle East. Three years later, he was appointed Assistant Director of the Peace Corps in Afghanistan, where he began his lifelong study of carpets and Central Asian culture. “Carpets seemed like the only things that had any value in Afghanistan,” he often remarked.

He returned to the US in 1968, and after a stint at the University of Pittsburgh, opened O’Bannon Oriental Carpets. It was around the same time, in 1975, that he published his first book, The Turkoman Carpet. In the early 1980s, O’Bannon sold his Pittsburgh business and moved to Philadelphia, opening a gallery there specializing in textiles and Central Asian art.

After his wife’s death in 1988, he closed the gallery and concentrated on his career as a writer, curator and speaker on oriental rugs. From 1987 to 1991, he served as Editor of the Oriental Rug Review, the only American magazine reporting exclusively on the rug and textile market. He retired to Tucson in 1993.

O’Bannon is survived by his four sons and three daughters-in-law, two grandchildren and his longtime companion, Arlene Cooper.

Written by Colin A. O’Bannon

It saddens all of us to tell you that one of the great oriental rug specialists has gone to Heaven.  We shall remember his friendship, passion for life and many accomplishments.

George W. O’Bannon, oriental rug scholar whose writings on the textiles, costumes and people of Central Asia inspired a generation of enthusiasts of tribal arts, died in Tucson, Arizona on October 2, 2000.  He was 64.  The cause was lymphoma.

George’s first love, developed while still a youngster growing up in Artesia, New Mexico, was gardening and horticulture.  He frequently credited his early interest in plants and taxonomy for his ability to see connections in the myriad combinations of patterns and designs in oriental carpets, particularly those of the nomadic tribes of Central Asia.  Until the time of his death, George remained an avid gardener.

After serving in the navy in the 1950s, George studied Political Science at Cornell and earned a master’s degree in Middle Eastern Studies at Stanford.  While studying in California.  He met his wife, Helen Bohen, a graduate student in economics.  Shortly after their marriage in 1962, the couple relocated to Washington, D.C., where George worked for the Department of Agriculture and the American Friends of the Middle East.  In 1965, he was appointed Assistant Director of the Peace Corps in Afghanistan where he began his lifelong study of carpets and Central Asian culture.  “Carpets seemed like the only things that had any value in Afghanistan,” he said on several occasions.  In time, though, George developed an appreciation for all aspects of the culture of the region that he came to love and write about so passionately.

In 1968, George and Helen returned to the United States where George took a position with the department of foreign studies at the University of Pittsburgh.  In 1971, George organized an exchange program between Pitt and the University of Kabul, Afghanistan with funding from the Fulbright Foundation.  He remained Director of the program until 1975 when he went into business for himself.  That year, he opened O’Bannon Oriental Carpets in Pittsburgh, at about the same time, he published his first book, The Turkoman Carpet, a seminal work in its field.

In 1979, the O’Bannon family moved to Harrisburg, Pennsylvania when Helen, despite being a  Democrat, was named Secretary of Welfare for the state under Governor Thornburgh.  In those years, George commuted frequently to Pittsburgh to run his business while continuing his studies and scholarship in tribal arts.  In 1983, after Helen was named Senior Vice President at the University of Pennsylvania, the family again relocated to Philadelphia.  Shortly after moving to Philadelphia, George sold his business in Pittsburgh and opened a gallery in Philadelphia specializing in textiles and Central Asian art.

After his wife’s death of cancer in 1988, George closed the gallery and concentrated on his career as writer, guest curator and speaker on oriental rugs.  From 1987 to 1991, he served as the Editor of the Oriental Rug Review, the only American magazine reporting exclusively on rug and textile art.

In 1993, George O’Bannon retired to Tucson where he wrote and spoke extensively on textiles and returned to his hobby of gardening.  In Arizona, his love for the flora and fauna of the Sonoran Desert was rekindled.  During his years in Tucson, he argued for the preservation of wildflowers and clashed with those who, he thought, wished to sanitize the desert.  He also led frequent study trips to Central Asia and the Far East.  Trips to India, Indonesia, Turkey Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan occupied much of his time.  George also shared his love for textiles with southwesterners: in 1998 he served as curator for “Tribal and Village Rugs from Arizona Collections,” a part of the “Tucson Collects” series of exhibitions at the Tucson Museum of Art.

In 1996 George realized a long held dream by co-editing the first English translation of Carpets of the People of Central Asia, by famed Russian ethnographer of the 1920s, Valentina Moshkova.  In 1998, he organized the award-winning exhibition, “From Desert to Oasis: Arts of the People in Central Asia,” at the Georgia Museum of Art in Athens, Georgia.  At the time of his death, George had recently finished editing two works on the carpets of Kyrgyzstan.

In addition to his numerous written and edited volumes, George was co-founder of the Pittsburgh Rug Society and the Arizona Oriental Rug and Textile Association.  For his scholarship and stewardship in Islamic textiles, George was the 1993 recipient of the Joseph V. McMullen award given by the Near Eastern Art Research Center.  He leaves a legacy as a brilliant and talented man, whose many accomplishments include horticulture, photography, dancing and cooking.  His quick wit and exceptional intellect endeared him to many: to be fair, others found his honesty abrasive.

George O’Bannon is survived by his four sons and three daughters-in-law, Patrick and Pia Deinhardt of Philadelphia, Colin of Columbus, Ohio, Sean and Nancy of Boca Raton, Florida and Casey and Susan of Philadelphia; two grandchildren; and his longtime companion Arlene Cooper of Manhattan.

The family requests that those who wish to make memorial donations direct them to the Textile Department of the Indianapolis Museum of Art, to which George recently bequeathed a substantial portion of his collection of Central Asian textiles and costumes.  Donations can be sent to the George W. O’Bannon Memorial Fund, c/o Niloo Paydar, Textile Department Curator, Indianapolis Museum of Art, 1200 West 38th St., Indianapolis, IN 46208-4196.

Written by Colin A. O’Bannon

I had the great good fortune to have George O”Bannon as an Associate Director in Afghanistan in most of my two years there as country director. He was an extraordinarily sensitive man and had a great rapport with the many health care volunteers, most of whom were women under great stress. Worrking as nurses, vaccinators and medical technicians, they were sometimes harassed by poor working conditions ( no alcohol, clean syringes, autoclaves that didn’t work, vaccines that had not been refrigerated, even buggy whipped.) George took it all in stride, calmly reassured them, worked on improving their situation, and most of all was a wonderful listener. We met again about a year before he died in Philadelphia and he displayed the same calmness in his own disease that he had when others met with great difficulty. I missed him greatly when he finished his tour in Afghanistan, and again when he passed away, just as I had Helen whose good humor, intelligence and caring was always there. They were surely as good staff members as anyone could ask for!

Walter Blass

Country Director/Afghanistan 1966-68

Walter Blass was kind enough to allow me to reprint this.

 

Notes on Hans Konig

Hans Konig is from Cologne, West Germany.

1990 winner of the prestigious Joseph V. McMullan Award

Co-author Mackie, Louise & Thompson, Jon. Turkmen

Studied biology, languages, law and economics at the Universities of Breslau, Fribourg (Switzerland), Geneva and Cologne. Was a European civil servant in Luxembourg and Brussels. Became Secretary-General of the German National Committee of the International Chamber of Commerce in Cologne. Took up rug collecting in the early sixties, specializing in Central Asian and Chinese rugs.

“Beziehungen zwischen den Teppichen Ostturkestans und Moghul-Indiens,” FestschHft fur Peter Wilhelm Meister, Hamburg, 1974.

Historical part of Central Asian Carpets, with Ulrich Schurmann, Frankfurt, 1969.

Old Eastern Carpets, with Spuhler, F. & M. Volkmann, Munich, 1978.

Konig received his McMullan Award at ICOC 6 in San Francisco.

“East Turkestan”. Washington DC: ICOC 1980.

“Ersari”. Washington DC: ICOC 1980.

Spuhler, F. Old Eastern Carpets, co-author with Hans Konig and M. Volkmann, Munich, 1978.

Notes on Harold and Melissa Keshishian

Harold and Melissa Keshishian are avid collectors whose collection now exceeds 700 rugs and carpets. Harold Keshishian was one of the first recipients of the prestigious Joseph V. McMullan Award and is on the Board of the Near Eastern Art Research Center and is Trustee Emeritus at the Textile Museum. Harold has two books to his credit “Rugs of the Caucasus” in 1968 and “Treasures of the Caucasus” in 1993. Melissa for years conducted the seminar on carpet restoration held annually at the Textile Museum . The Keshishians live in upper Northwest section of the District of Columbia and on heir farm along the Potomac river in Poolesville Maryland.

Once upon a time the Textile Museum was a very different place. For a time it was the center of the world for the study of Oriental Carpets. Then times change and the old standbys drop away. In a sad way Harold is one of the very last of the old Textile Museum crowd left.

I do not mean this is a negative way towards the staff or the museum. They found it necessary to change and with change new things replace the old. The museum has not done an important publication on Oriental rugs in years and there are times when one can visit the Textile Museum and see virtually no carpets. The Textile Museum Journal is still a wonderfully important publication it just no longer gives space to Oriental Rugs very often if at all.

Harold for many years operated Mark Keshishian & Sons Oriental Rugs in Chevy Chase Maryland with his brother Jim. He and his wife Melissa operate McGee Keshishian in Poolesville Maryland. Harold is an author, editor, publisher, gentleman farmer, and he has one of the best eyes for art I have ever seen. He is father of four and a member of the Metropolitan Club in Washington DC.

The Joseph V. McMullan Award

Trustee Near Eastern Art Research Center

Keshishian Moves To Emeritus Status at the TM

Member Board of Overseers of the Corcoran Gallery of Art

Rugs of The Caucasus

The Treasure of The Caucasus: Rugs from American Collections

Kazak Rug ca. 1850 Keshishian, Treasure of the Caucasus. pl. 21

Keshishian Collection of Caucasian Rugs at the TM

Trusted Resource List – Rug & Carpet Dealers In The U.S.

Trusted Resource List – Rug & Carpet Dealers In The U.S.

Keshishian, Harold M.: Rugs of the Caucasus ; Washington D.C.: 1967.

Keshishian, Harold M., The Treasure of the Caucasus, Rugs from American Collections, reviewed by O’Bannon, George W., XIII/3/40

The Textile Museum’s 16th Rug Convention

Spring Lecture Series Scheduled on the Arab-American Experience in Greater Detroit, by Betsy Barlow, April/May 1999

Reports Tie Clinton Sexcapades to Fosters Death

“Fine Oriental and European Carpets

February 16, 2000 at 10:15 am & 2 pm

1334 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021

This stunning Caucasian Blossom Gallery carpet is one of few to have survived from the 18th-century. Its design is also rare, one of 12 known examples, and is characterized by bold, endless repeats of rosettes. Formerly in the collection of the Crocker family of San Francisco, this carpet is most currently from the collection of Harold M. Keshishian, the renowned carpet scholar and dealer. Mr. Keshishian is a trustee emeritus of the Textile Museum in Washington, D.C.; on the Board of Overseers of the Corcoran Gallery of Art; and is a co-owner of the John Brown Historical Trust and Museum, Harpers Ferry, West Virginia. A stellar provenance for a stellar Lot # 67 A Caucasian blossom gallery carpet,

18th-century, approx.

17ft. 8in. by 8ft. 2in.

(5.38 by 2.49m.)

Estimate: $25,000-35,000” SOTHEBYS.COM – Auction Link Highlight

Keshishian, Harold M. Rugs of The Caucasus, Washington DC: Arts Club of Washington, 1967

A very different catalogue and show because it focused on rugs in use rather than rugs in collections. The show dealt with Caucasian rugs in use in Washington homes. This gives an interesting glimpse of the use of rugs in 1967.

Keshishian, Harold M. The Treasure of The Caucasus: Rugs from American Collection, Washington DC: Near Eastern Art Research Center, 1992

A very nice book with 48 color plates one of which Harold says is bad. I looked and can’t find the bad one. Besides 47 good pictures there is a good structural analysis of each rug. I wish more books would include structure. By the way plate 30 is an Alpan fragment from Harold’s collection. Certain people laughed at him when he bought it asking “why do you want that rag?” After he got it cleaned up no one laughed anymore. It has perhaps the best natural vegetal yellow dye I have ever seen.

Schurmann, Ulrich. Caucasian Rugs. Poolesville: Old 99 Associates (Harold and Melissa Keshishian). 1963.

This is the book that defines Caucasian Carpets and Rugs. If you are interested in Caucasian rugs you must have this book. Ulrich Schurmann

Hubel, Reinhard G. The Book of Carpets. 1964, Accokeek MD, Washington International Associates (Harold and Melissa Keshishian), 1971.

1971 English edition of the German classic. Reinhard Hubel’s book is a valuable resource. This is a great classic. A comprehensive general guide to Oriental rugs. This is my favorite general rug book and the one I use first when I am trying to attribute a rug. For a rug collector there is no reason not to have a copy. The only thing I am not crazy about with this book is that knot counts are in Square Decimeters. Use a factor of 16 for approximate knots per square inch. 100 Knots per square inch is about 1600 knots per square decimeter. 3200 knots per square decimeter is about 200 knots per square inch. Hubel gives very good structural descriptions on about 300 rugs and carpet. If you own 5 books on rugs this should be one of them. General Rug Book. Lib.

Mackie, Louise & Dr. Jon Thompson. Turkmen. Washington DC: Textile Museum, 1980. 9 x 12, 95 CP, 117 b/w.

(The cover was designed by Harold Keshishian)

Sotheby’s Auctions » Fine Oriental and European Carpets » lot 67

Sale NY7430

lot 67 (240 lots in this auction)

Jump to:

A Caucasian blossom gallery carpet,

18th century

cut and reduced in length at one end, rewoven areas, repiled areas, new fringes one end, reselvaged, oxidized browns,

approximately 17ft. 8in. by 8ft. 2in. (5.38 by 2.49m.)

Exhibited:

“The Treasure of the Caucasus – Rugs from American Collections,” Norton Gallery and School of Art, Inc., West Palm Beach, Florida, 1993.

Literature:

Keshishian, Harold M., ed., The Treasure of the Caucasus, Washington, DC, 1993, pl.2.

Citations:

Ellis, Charles Grant, Early Caucasian Rugs, Washington, D.C., 1976, p.78.

Ellis, Charles Grant, Oriental Carpets in the Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, 1988, p.145.

Belonging to a distinct and unusual subgroup of classical Caucasian Blossom carpets with bold e

LOCATION ESTIMATE AUCTION DATE

New York 25,000—35,000 USD Session 1

16 Feb 00 10:15 AM

Lot Sold. Hammer Price with Buyer’s Premium: 26,450 USD

purchase catalogue

DESCRIPTION

A Caucasian blossom gallery carpet,

18th century

cut and reduced in length at one end, rewoven areas, repiled areas, new fringes one end, reselvaged, oxidized browns,

approximately 17ft. 8in. by 8ft. 2in. (5.38 by 2.49m.)

Exhibited:

“The Treasure of the Caucasus – Rugs from American Collections,” Norton Gallery and School of Art, Inc., West Palm Beach, Florida, 1993.

Literature:

Keshishian, Harold M., ed., The Treasure of the Caucasus, Washington, DC, 1993, pl.2.

Citations:

Ellis, Charles Grant, Early Caucasian Rugs, Washington, D.C., 1976, p.78.

Ellis, Charles Grant, Oriental Carpets in the Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, 1988, p.145.

Belonging to a distinct and unusual subgroup of classical Caucasian Blossom carpets with bold endless repeats of rosettes or lozenges issuing bold curved lancet leaves and elongated cypress trees of which at least another 12 examples are known. Other closely related carpets include two red ground carpets, one in the Textile Museum, Washington, inv. no. R 36.2.4, illustrated as pl.24, pp.78-9, Ellis, C. G. ibid, and a fragment in the Philadelphia Museum of Art, inv. no. 43-40-74; and a blue ground example in the Colonial Williamsburg Collection in Virginia. Another example, formerly with Beshar & Company, New York, was sold at Sotheby’s, New York, April 15th, 1993 as lot 34. A variant of this classification with two rather than three ivory eight pointed stars and inscribed with the date AH 1156/1734 AD, is in the Türk ve Islâm Museum, Istanbul, inv. No. 742, see: Yetkin, Serare, Early Caucasian Carpets in Turkey, Volume I, London, 1978, pl.24.

Unlike most related carpets in this group whose bold reciprocal borders or guard stripes are more obviously attributable to Shusha production in the Karabagh province the present lot exhibits an undulating ‘S’ vine border more usually associated with the Dragon carpets of the same period.

The source of this Blossom design is commonly associated with that of Caucasian textiles of the same period such as a late 17th century Azerbaijan embroidery in the Textile Museum, Washington, D.C., inv. no. 2.18; see: Wearden, J., “A Synthesis of Contrasts”, Hali 59, London, 1991, pl.5, p.105.

For a full discussion of this group see: Kirchheim, E. H. (ed.), Orient Stars, Franses, Michael, the Influences of Safavid Persian Art Upon an Ancient Tribal Culture, Stuttgart, 1993, p.107.

A Caucasian blossom gallery carpet,

18th century

cut and reduced in length at one end, rewoven areas, repiled areas, new fringes one end, reselvaged, oxidized browns,

approximately 17ft. 8in. by 8ft. 2in. (5.38 by 2.49m.)

Exhibited:

“The Treasure of the Caucasus – Rugs from American Collections,” Norton Gallery and School of Art, Inc., West Palm Beach, Florida, 1993.

Literature:

Keshishian, Harold M., ed., The Treasure of the Caucasus, Washington, DC, 1993, pl.2.

Citations:

Ellis, Charles Grant, Early Caucasian Rugs, Washington, D.C., 1976, p.78.

Ellis, Charles Grant, Oriental Carpets in the Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, 1988, p.145.

Belonging to a distinct and unusual subgroup of classical Caucasian Blossom carpets with bold endless repeats of rosettes or lozenges issuing bold curved lancet leaves and elongated cypress trees of which at least another 12 examples are known. Other closely related carpets include two red ground carpets, one in the Textile Museum, Washington, inv. no. R 36.2.4, illustrated as pl.24, pp.78-9, Ellis, C. G. ibid, and a fragment in the Philadelphia Museum of Art, inv. no. 43-40-74; and a blue ground example in the Colonial Williamsburg Collection in Virginia. Another example, formerly with Beshar & Company, New York, was sold at Sotheby’s, New York, April 15th, 1993 as lot 34. A variant of this classification with two rather than three ivory eight pointed stars and inscribed with the date AH 1156/1734 AD, is in the Türk ve Islâm Museum, Istanbul, inv. No. 742, see: Yetkin, Serare, Early Caucasian Carpets in Turkey, Volume I, London, 1978, pl.24.

Unlike most related carpets in this group whose bold reciprocal borders or guard stripes are more obviously attributable to Shusha production in the Karabagh province the present lot exhibits an undulating ‘S’ vine border more usually associated with the Dragon carpets of the same period.

The source of this Blossom design is commonly associated with that of Caucasian textiles of the same period such as a late 17th century Azerbaijan embroidery in the Textile Museum, Washington, D.C., inv. no. 2.18; see: Wearden, J., “A Synthesis of Contrasts”, Hali 59, London, 1991, pl.5, p.105.

For a full discussion of this group see: Kirchheim, E. H. (ed.), Orient Stars, Franses, Michael, the Influences of Safavid Persian Art Upon an Ancient Tribal Culture, Stuttgart, 1993, p.107.

Notes on Henry Glassie

Henry Glassie is a professor at the Folklore Institute at Indiana University in Bloomington and an expert on contemporary Turkish folk arts.

“Innovation In Modern Turkey’s Traditional Weaving” Santa Monica: ACOR 3, 1996.

Guggenheim fellow.

“Passing the Time in Ballymenone”, won the Chicago Folklore Prize, and the Haney Prize in the Social Sciences.

Turkish Traditional Art Today, was named among the notable books of the year by the New York Times, and for it he was honored with the Award for Superior Service by the Turkish Ministry of Culture and the Award for Outstanding Achievement in the Arts by the Assembly of Turkish American Associations.

Certificate of Honour from the Ministry of Cultural Affairs of Bangladesh for “Art and Life in Bangladesh”.

President of the Vernacular Architecture Forum and the

President of the American Folklore Society.

Folklore Fellow of the Finnish Academy.

Teaching Excellence Award from Indiana University.

Glassie, Henry H All silver and no brass : an Irish Christmas mumming. illustrated by the author Bloomington : Indiana University Press, 1975

Cosentino, Andrew J and Henry H. Glassie. The Capital image : painters in Washington, 1800-1915.Washington, D.C. : Smithsonian Institution Press, 1983

Glassie, Henry H. Folk housing in middle Virginia : a structural analysis of historic artifacts. photos. and drawings by the author. Knoxville : University of Tennessee Press, 1975

Folklore today : a Festschrift for Richard M. Dorson / edited by Linda Degh, Henry Glassie, Felix J. Oinas Bloomington : Indiana University, Research Center for Language and Semiotic Studies, c1976

Forms upon the frontier; folklife and folk arts in the United States. Edited by Austin and Alta Fife and Henry H. Glassie Logan, Utah State University Press, 1969

Leach, MacEdward, 1896-1967 A guide for collectors of oral traditions and folk cultural material in Pennsylvania / by MacEdward Leach and Henry Glassie. Harrisburg : Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, 1968

Glassie, Henry H. Irish folk history : texts from the north. drawings by the author. Philadelphia : University of Pennsylvania Press, 1982

Glassie, Henry H. Ed. Irish folktales. New York : Pantheon Books, 1985

Glassie, Henry H. Pattern in the material folk culture of the Eastern United States. Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Press 1969, c1968

Glassie, Henry H. The spirit of folk art : the Girard Collection at the Museum of International Folk Art / Henry Glassie ; color photography by Michel Monteaux ; black-and-white photography and drawings by Henry Glassie. New York : Abrams in association with the Museum of New Mexico, Santa Fe, 1989

Glassie, Henry H.William Houck, maker of pounded ash Adirondack pack baskets. Oneida, N.Y. : Madison County Historical Society, 1980

Glassie, Henry. Art and Life in Bangladesh. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. 1997. 520 pp, 7 x 9 1/2, 12 color photos, 445 b&w photos .

From the Publisher:

This book does for Bangladesh what Henry Glassie has already brilliantly achieved for Ireland and Turkey. “I write,” he says, “to introduce you to the people of Bangladesh through their art, and to use their art to exemplify the study of creativity in its own context as part of a general inquiry into the human condition.”

Art and Life in Bangladesh is at once an introduction to the country and its history and a meditation on the importance of art and life and the relationship between art, meaning, and understanding. And far from incidentally, it recognizes the work of a variety of gifted artists — potters, metal workers, painters, weavers, poets. Glassie introduces us to dozens of artists working in different mediums and shares with us both the thrill of meeting new people and discovering new ways of art as well as his ruminations on their work.

Glassie, Henry. Edward D. Ives and John F. Szwed. Folksongs and Their Makers. 170 pp., photos

From the Publisher:

“The relationship between folklore and popular culture is to many people unclear, and it is therefore debatable. On one extreme in the debate are those theorists who think that today’s folklore was yesterday’s popular culture. On the other extreme are those who believe that there is little direct relationship between the two. The truth, as usual, probably lies somewhere between.”

Glassie, Henry. Material Culture. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. 1999. Hardcover, 416pp.

From the Publisher:

“A profound statement from a distinguished scholar.” —Choice

Material culture records human intrusion in the environment. It is the way we imagine a distinction between nature and culture, and then rebuild nature to our own desire, shaping, reshaping, and arranging things during life. We live in material culture, depend upon it, take it for granted, and realize through it our grandest aspirations.

In Material Culture, Henry Glassie calls us to first principles and common things as we work to build a better view of humanity. Through five extended, interlinked essays, he offers challenges, methods, and demonstrations, showing how we can reinvigorate and enrich the study of history, art, and culture through close consideration of the things people make. The people, the tellers of tale, the weavers, potters, and builders of houses, stand at the center of his endeavor. He introduces us to them, and in oneness with them he shows how study can bring us toward understanding of the world’s complexity.

The first of this book’s essays describes the role of material culture in the construction of a more comprehensive history. The second presents the methods and purposes of material culture study. Then three essays illustrate Glassie’s practice. In the first, he tells one man’s life to suggest the complications involved in all acts of creation and consumption. In the next, he uses pottery to show how cross-cultural comparison can advance the study of art. In the last lengthy essay he delivers on the promise of the first by showing how vernacular architecture can be used in the creation of a new, more democratic history.

Glassie, Henry. The Potter’s Art. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. 1995.

From the Publisher:

A beautifully illustrated, thoughtful examination of pottery and potters on three continents.

“Coming into being, the work of art, this very pot, creates relations—relations between nature and culture, between the individual and society, between utility and beauty. Governed by desire, the artist’s work answers questions of value. Is nature favored, or culture? Are individual needs or social needs more important? Do utilitarian or aesthetic concerns dominate in the transformation of nature?”

—from the Introduction

The Potter’s Art discusses and illustrates the work of modern masters of traditional ceramics from Bangladesh, Sweden, Turkey, Japan, and various parts of the United States. It will appeal to anyone interested in pottery, folklore, or folk art.

Glassie, Henry. Turkish Traditional Art Today. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. 1993.

From the Publisher:

“This vast work, approaching a thousand pages, with a comparable number of iillustrations, is astonishingly absorbing and easy to read, a rich source of cognitive and affective understanding of a culture at once so far from ours and so intimately close to it, whose insights and principles apply to many artistic traditions in many lands. . . . It is Mr. Glassie’s concern with the artist’s view of truth, his complete indifference to the elegant pretension of word and thought that to one extent or another has plagued Western historians of art since Vasari, and above all his deep curiosity and willingness to learn and listen from the past and from the present, from the scholar and from the artist, that constitute the miraculous elements of Turkish Traditional Art Today. ” — Walter B. Denny, The New York Times Book Review

“Turkish Traditional Art Today is a proud and triumphant work . . . magnificent . . . ” — The Turkish Times

“This beautifully produced work examines the traditional folk arts of Turkey . . . comprehensive, well-researched, and clearly written . . . ” — Library Journal

” . . . a work of monumental significance.” — Oriental Rug Review

The traditional arts and artists of contemporary Turkey, especially calligraphy, woodworking, pottery, and carpets, by a world-famous scholar. Throughout, Glassie’s focus is on the artists and their theories and practices as well as the art they produce. Includes over 1,000 illustrations.

Glassie, Henry. Vernacular Architecture. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. 2000. 184 pages, 90 b&w photos, 16 color photos, 6 x 9

From the Publisher:

Based on 35 years of fieldwork, Vernacular Architecture synthesizes a career of concern with traditional building. Henry Glassie articulates the key principles of architectural analysis; then, centering his argument in the United States but drawing comparative examples from many locations in Europe and Asia, he shows how architecture can be a prime resource for someone writing a democratic and comprehensive history.

Notes on Herbert Eisenstein

Eisenstein, Herbert. “Review of Das Königreich von al-Karak in der mamlukischen Zeit, by Muhammad `Adnan al-Bakhit, and translated by Alexander Scheidt” in WZKM. Vol. 84. 1994. 242-243.

Eisenstein, Herbert. “Review of Das Pyramidenbuch des Abu Ga`far al-Idrisi (st. 649/1251), edited by Ulrich Haarmann” in WZKM. Vol. 84. 1994. 233-234.

Eisenstein, Herbert. “Review of Die Chronik des Ibn ad-Dawadari, Fünfter Teil, edited by Dorothea Krawulsky” in WZKM. Vol. 84. 1994. 237.

Eisenstein, Herbert. “Review of Weltgeschichte und Weltbeschreibung im Mittelalterlichen Islam, by Bernd Radtke” in WZKM. Vol. 84. 1994. 239-241.

Eisenstein, Herbert. “Review of Les trois vies du sultan Baïbars: Choix des textes et présentation, edited by Jacqueline Sublet” in WZKM. Vol. 84. 1994. 244-245.

Eisenstein, Herbert. “Review of Islamic Cosmology: A Study of as-Suyuti’s al-Hay’a al-Saniya fi al-Hay’a al-Sunniya, by Anton B. Heinen” in WZKM. Vol. 78. 1988. 256-258.

Eisenstein, Herbert. “Chronologie der Jagd-Emire unter den Mamluken-Sultanen” in WZKM. Vol. 82. 1992. 121-128.

Eisenstein, Herbert. “Review of The Office of Qâdî al-Qudât in Cairo under the Bahrî Mamlûks, by Joseph H. Escovitz” in WZKM. Vol. 78. 1988. 259-260.

Eisenstein, Herbert. “Review of Die Beschreibung Indiens in der ‘Rihla’ des Ibn Battuta, by Stephan Conermann” in WZKM. Vol. 87. 1997. 317-318.

Eisenstein, Herbert. “Der amir sikar unter den Mamlukensultanen” in XX. Deutscher Orientalistentag: Vorträge. Wunsch, Cornelia (edited by). Munich, 8-13 April 1991. ZDMG”, Supplement; X. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1994. 129-135.

Notes on Hereke Rugs & Carpets

Hereke Rugs have a very special place in the pantheon of Oriental Rugs. Hereke Rugs were made in the workshops of Sultan, Abdülmecid I for his massive Dolmabahçe palace on the Bosporus.  As such Hereke represent the highest level of large Turkish carpets equaled only by the Kum Kapi Rugs which were generally smaller. The rug production started at the same time as the construction of the palace which was built from 1843 to 1856.

“HEREKE SILK FABRIC AND CARPET FACTORY

Hereke Fabrika-i Hümâyûn was established at Hereke east of Istanbul in 1843. At the time it was the largest such manufactory for silk fabric and carpets in the Ottoman Empire.

Efforts to develop Turkish industry along western lines commenced in the early l9th century, and the Hereke Silk Fabric underwent a series of changes and improvements which kept it at the forefront of technology in its field. Fabrics and carpets were woven here for Dolmabahçe and all the other imperial residences, which served as display cases for the finest of the factory’s products. While Dolmabahçe Palace was under construction a weaving mill known as the Hereke Dökümhanesi was set up in the grounds to produce the items required for furnishing the new palace in situ.

Today the Hereke factory continues in operation as a museum-factory, an exceptional example of this genre of institution.” Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Culture – Hereke Silk Fabric and Carpet Factory

The very fine Hereke silk rugs are extremely labor intensive and the prices tend to reflect that. Hereke copies are made in China particularly in Zhenping in Henan province. The market place sees the Chinese copies as no more than copies and the real Hereke is much more valued in the marketplace. (I wrote about the Chinese copies in the late 90s. Now in 2010 the nature of world trade and the cost of Chinese labor makes the Chinese copies less common if they are still made.)

Examples of Hereke Rugs and Carpets

Antique Hereke Rugs: A silk and metal-thread Hereke rug, C. 1930 lot 15

Antique Hereke Rugs: A Very Finely Knotted Silk Hereke Rug, 19th C.

Hereke Rugs: silk Hereke prayer rug, mid 20th C. Sotheby’s lot 15

Hereke Rugs: Silk Hereke Rug Kusadasi Bazaar 54

Hereke Rugs: Hereke Silk Jewish Menorah Rug

Hereke Rugs: Hereke Silk Islamic Prayer Rug

Hereke Rugs: Turkish Silk Hereke 2′ x 3′ Villa Del Prado

Hereke Rugs: Turkish Wool Hereke 7’5×11′ Villa Del Prado

Hereke Rugs: Hereke Silk Armenian Bible Prayer Rug

Hereke Rugs: silk Hereke carpet C. 1920-30 Nagel Lot 104

Here are details of the backs of a silk and a wool Hereke rug. These are nice examples but not the finest by any means. I have heard of silk Hereke rugs in the 3 – 4,000 kpsi and wool in the 1200 kpsi range. However I have not seen them so if anyone has pictures of very high knot count Hereke rugs I would love to get the details and pictures.

 

 

Notes on Dr. Ian Bennett

Dr. Ian Bennett is one of the most important writers, editors, and authors in the field of Oriental Carpets. He formerly consulting to Woolley & Wallis, Salisbury Salerooms Ltd.

Editor of Hali in the magazine’s glory years.

Bennett, I. Book of Oriental Carpets and Rugs. 1973,

Bennett, I. Jail Birds. 1987,

Bennett, I. Oriental Rugs, Vol I: Caucasian. 1981.

Bennett, I. Oriental Rugs, Vol I: Caucasian. 1981. (1993 printing),

Bennett, I. Rugs and Carpets of the World. A & W Publ., 1977,

Bennett, Ian. Oriental Rugs Volume 1 Caucasian. Suffolk, UK: 1981. (1993 reprint),

Homer, J. P. J. Exclusively Belouch Forward by Ian Bennett

Bennett, Ian. “Splendors in the City of Silk, Part 4: The Remaining Classical Carpets” in Hali. Vol. 9: No. iii, issue 35. 1987. 32-43, 124-127.

Bennett, Ian Three Baluch Rugs, Hali, I/1, pp. 399-400

Bennett, Ian. The Baluch Boom, Oriental Rug Auction Review, vol. 1, no. 3, May, pp. 1-3. 1981

Bennett, Ian. On Collecting Baluch Rugs, Hali, vol. 3, no. 1 1983

Bennett, I. (1972) “Book of Oriental Carpets and Rugs”. London: Hamlyn.

Bennett, Ian. et al. Rugs & Carpets of the World. New York: A&W Publishers, Inc. 1977.

Bennett has done a great job with this book. The part on classical carpets is excellent. Bennett remains one of the most important scholars in the field of Classical Oriental Carpets. The book gives a good general look at a wide range of types of rugs. It is one of the only books I have that covers Navaho rugs. General Rug Book

Bennett, Ian. et al. Oriental Rugs Volume 1 Caucasian. Oriental Textile Press, 1981.

If you are interested in Caucasian rugs buy this book. The color picture quality is a little spotty but there are many pictures and good commentary. This book is extremely useful since it gives a good picture of the rugs that passed through a major auction house fairly recently. In it we can see rugs that correspond to the rugs in the market place today. Caucasian Rugs Bennett, Ian

Notes on Illustrated Buyer’s Guide

This is a copy of a book review that I did for Rug News. I am not aware of what editorial changes were made by my editor when they published it.

I have had a thought kicking around in my head for quite a while that I have not really articulated till now. At first I thought the problem with most rug books is that they are written by men for men but it is much more insidious than that. The real problem with most rug books is that they are written by collectors for collectors. Recently I received a copy of a book that bucks that trend.

The Illustrated Buyer’s Guide to Oriental Carpets

by J. R. Azizollahoff

List Price: $39.95

Hardcover – 196 pages (March 1998)

Schiffer Publishing, Ltd.; ISBN: 0764304364 ; Dimensions (in inches): 0.89 x

8.88 x 11.36

“The Illustrated Buyer’s Guide to Oriental Carpets” by J. R. Azizollahoff is the first book on carpets that I ever remember my wife showing any real interest in. I was out of town when the box came so I asked Jodi to open it and see what had come. By the time I had gotten home Jodi was well into the book and told me I could look at it but she wanted it back. Looking at “The Illustrated Buyer’s Guide to Oriental Carpets” it dawned on me that what Azizollahoff had done was to do a book on decorative carpets. Sure many of the carpets are collectable but he approaches them as decorative carpets. The text is geared to the decorative carpet market. Collectors like me want to dwell on all the little intricacies and nuances of where it was woven and why. That sort of thing may have everything to do with selling a 200 year old Turkmen Juval but very little to do with finding someone just the right carpet for their living room. The pictures are outstanding. Wonderful color, great carpets and geared to the kind of buyer you need to make your business successful.

How big a part of your yearly retail sales are in collectable rugs to collectors. If you are like most carpet dealers it is 10 percent or less. A good friend of mine is a carpet dealer who has started sending his small collectors pieces to me to auction. He explains that even though he is a collector and loves them he will sell 10 room size rugs before anyone will even look at his little pieces. Many of the dealers I know wholesale out all the collectors pieces and concentrate on room size rugs. What captivated my wife Jodi was that the carpets she saw in “The Illustrated Buyer’s Guide to Oriental Carpets” were ones that she would like in our home. This book for those of us in the trade is like crawling into the buyers mind during the selection process.

New Section

What then makes this carpet different than the vast assortment of rug books on the market today. First of all this book is geared to the decorative rug buyer. It presents in a straight forward manner the best of each of the decorative categories. Most books make antique carpets the focus and sneer at new production. What Azizollahoff does is to present Antique and New in a nonjudgmental way that makes the New Production look as attractive as the Antique. So when we see a Old Indian Amritsar from Abraham Moheban & Sons on page 177 or a New Chinese Sumac from from Nourison on page 73 there is not the all to common message that new is bad and old is better. Of course Azizollahoff notes that the Nourison Sumac is valued at $3,400 and the Moheban Amritsar at $45,000 so the reader can see there is a difference but there is nothing to indicate that the Sumac is less worthy of decorating the buyers home than the Amritsar. This is very much the sort of book that you can let your customers especially if you sell any newer carpets.

Joe Azizollahoff knows the decorative carpet market. On the inside front cover we are told that Azizollahoff is third generation carpet dealer from a prominent family from Mashad Iran. Of course the pivotal role of the great families of the Persian Jewish and in particular the Mashadi Jewish community are well known so we get a glimpse of the trade secrets that have served them so well. But more important than what the book tells us about Azizollahoff is what his work shows us about him. The selection of carpets is beautiful. He gives us a good cross-sample of the very best of the market. To those of us who sell carpets it is a good scale to measure our rugs against. Whether it is a modern carpet such as a Yayla or Woven Legends or an antique Serapi or Bijar, Azizollahoff shows us what the best look like. But as importantly he reviews the the criteria that makes the best the best and shows you how to apply the criteria to what you sell. The frank and open discussion of subjects like cut and reduced carpets, repaired, painted and so on. is a wonderful refresher course for experienced carpet dealers and invaluable for people learning the business. Honesty, Integrity and knowledge is key to our business. But equally important is understanding what the market wants. Azizollahoff gives us a clear picture of the secrets of his success and this is valuable.

Notes on Ira M. Lapidus

Lapidus, Ira M. “Mamluk Patronage and the Arts in Egypt: Concluding Remarks” in Muqarnas: An Annual on Islamic Art and Architecture. Vol. 2. 1984. 173-181.

Lapidus, Ira M. “Review of États, sociétés et cultures du monde musulman médiéval, Xe-XVe siècle, tome 1: L’évolution politique et sociale, by Jean-Claude Garcin et al.” in JESHO. Vol. 41: No. 2. 1998. 225-226.

Lapidus, Ira M. “Review of Islamic History: A Framework for Inquiry, by R. Stephen Humphreys” in Middle East Studies Association Bulletin. Vol. 23: No. 2. 1989. 265-266.

Lapidus, Ira M. “The Grain Economy of Mamluk Egypt” in JESHO. Vol. 12. 1969. 1-15.

Lapidus, Ira M. “Mamluk Patronage and the Arts in Egypt: Concluding Remarks” in Muqarnas: An Annual on Islamic Art and Architecture. Vol. 2. 1984. 173-181.

Lapidus, Ira M. “Review of Itinéraires d’Orient: Hommages à Claude Cahen, edited by Raoul Curiel and Rika Gyselen” in JESHO. Vol. 39: No. 2. 1996. 189-190.

Lapidus, Ira M. “State and Religion in Islamic Societies” in Past and Present. Vol. no. 151. 1996. 3-27.

Lapidus, Ira M. “Review of Le Caire, by André Raymond” in JESHO. Vol. 37. 1994. 191-193.

Lapidus, Ira M. “Muslim Urban Society in Mamluk Syria” in The Islamic City: A Colloquium. Hourani, Albert H. (edited by). Oxford: Bruno Cassirer, 1970. 195-205.

Lapidus, Ira M. Muslim Cities in the Later Middle Ages. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1967. Published without notes and bibliography: Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984.

Lapidus, Ira M. Mudun al-Sham fi al-`Asr al-Mamluki. Damascus: Dar Hassan, 1985.

Grabar, Oleg. “The Architecture of the Middle Eastern City from Past to Present: The Case of the Mosque” in Middle Eastern Cities: A Symposium on Ancient, Islamic, and Contemporary Middle Eastern Urbanism. Lapidus, Ira M. (edited by). Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969. 26-46. Reprinted in his Studies in Medieval Islamic Art.

Lapidus, Ira M. “Ayyubid Religious Policy and the Development of Schools of Law in Cairo” in Colloque international sur l’histoire du Caire/al-Nadwah al-Duwaliyah li-Tarikh al-Qahirah. Raymond, André et al. (edited by). Cairo, 27 March-5 April 1969. Cairo: Wizarat al-Thaqafah, n.d.. 279-286.

Notes on Irene Good

Speaker at the Textile Museum Rug Convention 1997. Spoke on prehistoric textiles found in a Khorasan archeological dig. Good was also at the Chinese Government site in the Tarim Basin and published in Journal of Indo-European Studies on her trip. Miss Good is a genuinely nice person and a tremendously talented academic. We can look to her for great things to come.

Journal of Indo-European Studies

The Mummies’ Threads

Ancient Chinese Archaeology and Artifacts

Associate of the Peabody Museum, Harvard University

11 Divinity Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138

Education  1999 Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania (Anthropological Archaeology)

1995 M.A., University of Pennsylvania

1986 M.A., Boston University  (Environmental Archaeology)

1985 B.A., Boston University (cum laude)

Ph.D. Thesis  The Ecology of Exchange: Textiles from Shahr-i Sokhta, Eastern Iran

Gregory L. Possehl, thesis advisor

Honors and  American Institute for Iranian Studies Senior Fellow 2005-2006

Awards  Guggenheim Fellow 2003-2004

Astor Visiting Lecturer, Ashmolean Museum, Oxford University, Spring 2003

American Philosophical Society Research Award, 2003-2004

American Schools of Prehistoric Research Award, 2002-2004

Hrdy Visiting Curator, Harvard University, 2001-2002

University of Pennsylvania Dissertation Fellowship, 1998-1999

Cotsen Foundation Research Award, 1997

Research Assistantship, University of Pennsylvania, 1996-1998

American Institute for Iranian Studies Dissertation Fellowship, 1994-1995

Charles K. Williams II Dissertation Fellowship, 1993-1994

Dean’s Office Travel Award, University of Pennsylvania, 1993

American Institute for Yemeni Studies Fellowship, 1993-1994

Markoe Fellowship, University of Pennsylvania, 1991-1993

University Research Foundation Grant, 1991-1993

Fieldwork  Co-Director  Southern Tajikistan Archaeological Survey

(excavation)  2006   Tajik Academy of Sciences, National Museum of Antiquities

Site Supervisor  Beib Site, Zabid Expedition, Republic of Yemen.

1992   Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Edward Keall, Director.

Trench Supervisor Gordion Expedition, Turkish Republic

1989   University of Pennsylvania, Kenneth Sams, Director.

Student Intern  Boston Historical Burial Grounds Project,

1985   Boston Parks and Recreation. E. Lipsey, Director.

Excavator  Boston Edison Project, Office of Public Archaeology,

1984    Ricardo Elia, Director.

Excavator  Galways Field School, Montserrat, British West Indies,

1984    Lydia Pulsipher, University of Tennessee, Director.

Excavator  Cahokia Field School, Cahokia, Ill.

Jim Anderson, Director

Excavator  Third House and Winston Sites, Southold, Long Island

New York State Archaeological Association, Ed

Johanneman, Director

Fieldwork

(collections research) The British Museum, London. Ashmolean Museum and Pitt Rivers Museum,

Oxford. Stattsmuseum, Stuttgart. Cultural Relics Museum, Ürümchi, Xinjiang;

Ethnographic Museum, Stockholm, Charles University Museum, Prague.

Teaching

Thesis Advisor Mariner Padwa, Inner Asian and Altaic Studies, Harvard University

Ph.D. Thesis: Ancient Kroraina- an Archaeology of Inner Asian Oasis Life

(current).

Outside Reader Xian Zhang, Chemistry Dept., Boston University

Ph.D. Thesis: Development of Mild Extraction Methods for the analysis of

Natural Dyes in Textiles of Historical Interest Using LC-Diode Array

Detector-MS  (current).

Christine Kimbrough, Dept. of Anthropology, New York University Ph.D.

Thesis: From Flock to Frock: Textile Production in Third Millennium BCE

Northern Mesopotamia Ph.D. awarded December 2006.

Judith Ann Cameron, Australia National University. Ph.D.

Thesis: Textile Technology in the Prehistory of Southeast Asia.

Ph.D. awarded February 2004.

Assistant Professor Archaeology of the Silk Road. Harvard University Summer Program.

(adjunct)   Summer 2004. Dean Robert Liu.

Preservation and Stewardship of Museum Materials. Harvard University

Division of Continuing Education Extension School Master’s Degree Program

in Museum Studies. Fall 2004. Dean Michael Shinagel.

Archaeology of the Silk Road. Harvard University Faculty of Arts and Sciences,

Division of Continuing Education, Extension School.

Fall 2004. Dean Michael Shinagel.

Senior Lecturer Craft History Spring 2007. University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth,

(adjunct)   Dept. of Artisanry. College of Visual and Performing Arts.

Art of the Silk Road. Suffolk University College of Arts and Sciences

Department of Humanities. Spring 2007.

Western Humanities I Suffolk University College of Arts and Sciences

Department of Humanities. Spring 2007.

Directed Research Michelle Kearns, Senior Thesis Project, University of Massachusetts Lowell,

Advisor  Materials Research Lab. of Prof. Changmo Sung, Dept. of Engineering. 2002-2003.

Degraded Fiber characterization through advanced SEM with X-ray

Diffraction and the use of computer aided image analysis programs

(MAS Student Scholar Prize Awarded).

Jill Plitnikas, Mellon Research Fellow, Textile Conservation Center, American Textile

History Museum 2001-2002. Mayan textile fiber identification project.

Howard Sutcliffe, Mellon Research Fellow, Textile Conservation Center, American

Textile History Museum 2000-2001. Salt migration in Coptic wools project.

Lecturer  Practicum in Archaeological Textile and Fiber Analysis 2004.

Margarita Gleba, Ph.D. candidate, Bryn Mawr College.

Orientalogues. Writing Program, Boston University. 2005.

Writing Prehistory. Writing Program, Boston University. 2002; 2004.

The Foreign and the Familiar. Writing Program, Boston University. 2002, 2004.

Instructor  Introduction to Archaeology, Dept. of Anthropology, U. of Pennsylvania, 1996

Teaching Assistant Introduction to Archaeology, Michael Rosenberg,

Instructor, University of Pennsylvania, 1988-1989

Pollen Lab section of Sciences in Archaeology, Julie

Hansen, Instructor, Boston University, 1985-1986

Pollen Lab section of Sciences in Archaeology,

Gerald Kelso, Instructor, Boston University, 1983-1985

Galways Field School, Montserrat, British West Indies,

Lydia Pulsipher, Instructor, University of Tennessee, 1984

statement of teaching philosophy and course syllabi available upon request

Editorial Reviewer

manuscripts  Current Anthropology

Journal of Field Archaeology

Latin American Antiquity

Research proposals Guggenheim Foundation

Publications

Books

Forthcoming  Out of the Steppes: Art and Archaeology of Inner Eurasia (Co-edited by Irene

Good and Kenneth Lymer, Curzon-Routledge Press, London.

Cloth and Carpet in Early Inner Asia Brill Inner Asia Series, Leiden.

Weaving the Four Quarters: Andean Textiles of the Peabody Museum

Conference Proceedings

Forthcoming When East Met West: Interpretive Problems in Assessing East-West Contact and Exchange in Antiquity. Vth ICAANE congress, Madrid. Edited by Allison Betts and Fiona Kidd. Ancient Near Eastern Monograph Series, Peeters, Louvain.

2006  Invisible Exports in Aratta: Enmerkar and the Three Tasks

in: Ancient Textiles: Production, Craft and Society Edited by Carol Gillis and Marie-Louise Nosch and Oxbow Books.

2006   Textiles as Medium of Exchange in Third Millennium BC Western Asia.

Contact and Exchange in the Ancient World. V. Mair, editor. University of Hawaii Press.

2005 On the Earliest Evidence for Pile Carpet: Textile Fragments from IIIrd Millennium BC Shahr-i Sokhta, Eastern Iran First International Congress on Iranology. Tehran, 2002.

2003   The Archaeology of Early Silk

Textile Society of America Proceedings 2002.

Invited Chapters

In press  Women and Cloth. The Oxford Encyclopedia of Women in World History. B. Smith and J.

Tucker, Editors. Oxford University Press, Oxford.

2007   Cloth in the Babylonian World The Babylonian World, G. Leick, editor. Routledge.

2004   The Invention of Cloth. The Seventy Great Inventions of the Ancient World

Brian Fagan, editor. Thames and Hudson.

2001   Archaeological Textiles: a Review of Current Research

Annual Reviews of Anthropology 30:209-226

1998   Bronze Age Textiles from the Tarim Basin: The Chärchän Evidence

in: Bronze Age and Early Iron Age Peoples of Eastern Central Asia a joint publication of the Journal of Indo-European Studies and the U. Pennsylvania Museum Publications, V. Mair, editor.

Journal Articles

in prep  (co-authored with J. Mark Kenoyer and Richard Meadow)

New Evidence for Early Silk in the Indus Civilization (to be submitted to Science

May 2007)

in press   (co-authored with Xian Zhang and Richard Laursen)

Characterization of Dyes in Ancient Textiles from Xinjiang

(submitted to Journal of Archaeological Science)

1995  On the Question of Silk in Pre-Han Eurasia Antiquity 69:945-958

1995   Notes on a Textile fragment from Hami, Xinjiang, with Comments on the

Significance of Twill Journal of Indo-European Studies monograph vol. 23

1995  (co-authored with Gerald K. Kelso)

Quseir al-Qadim, Egypt and the Potential of Archaeological Pollen Analysis

in the Near East Journal of Field Archaeology vol. 22

Book Reviews

2005  a review of The Significance of Colour in Archaeology

American Journal of Archaeology vol. 104(2).

2003  A Tale of Two Lyres- a review of Two Lyres from Ur

Expedition Magazine 45(2):44

2002  a review of Die Textilen aus Palmyra

Bulletin of the American School of Oriental Research 331:92-94

2001  Riches Beneath the Sands

a review of Feng Zhao’s Legacy of the Desert Kings cloudband magazine

Symposia Chaired

Symposium entitled Inner Asian Prehistories Chaired by Irene Good;

7th annual meeting of the Central Eurasian Studies Society, Boston, October 2005.

Symposium entitled Space and Place in Central Asian Prehistory

Chaired by Irene Good and Katheryn Linduff; 67th annual meeting of the

Society for American Archaeology, Denver, Colorado, March 2002.

Symposium entitled Pastoral Ecologies and Technologies Chaired by Irene Good

and Sandra Olsen; 66th annual meeting of Society for American Archaeology,

New Orleans, April 2001.

Papers Presented

Sourcing Beauty: Exploring Inner Asia’s High Altitude Frontier

Paper presented at the 72nd Annual Meeting of the Society for American

Archaeology, April 2007. Symposium entitled ‘Inter-regional Interaction in

Bronze Age China and Eurasia: a Multidisciplinary Approach’ Yungti Li and

Rowan Flad, Chairs

New Evidence for the Antiquity of Pile Technique

Paper delivered at the 11th International Conference of Oriental Carpet, Istanbul.

April 2007. Elena Tsareva, Chair.

A Social Archaeology of Cloth- some preliminary remarks

Paper presented at the 107th annual meetings of the Archaeological Institute

of America, Montreal. January 2006. Symposium entitled New Directions in

Textile Archaeology- Conservation and Interpretation. Margarita Gleba, Chair.

New Evidence for Early Silk in South Asia

Paper delivered to the biennial Congress of the European Association of South Asian Archaeologists, at the British Museum, London. July 4-8, 2005. Symposium entitled: Craft Technologies in the Indus Civilization, Jonathan Mark Kenoyer, Chair.

The Interior Sky: Cloth and the Demarcation of Space in Pazyryk Culture

Paper presented at the 67th Annual Meeting of the Society for American

Archaeology, Denver, Colorado, March 2002. Symposium entitled “Space and Place

in Central Asian Prehistory” Chaired by Irene Good and Katheryn Linduff

Text, Textile and Template

Paper presented at the 66th Annual Meeting of the Society for American

Archaeology, New Orleans, April 2001. Symposium entitled “Pastoral Ecologies

and Technologies” Chaired by Irene Good and Sandra Olsen.

From Hallstatt to Pazyryk? Theme and Variations in ‘Saka’ Burial Mode

Paper presented at the 65th Annual Meetings of the Society for American

Archaeology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, April 2000. Symposium entitled

‘New Directions in Central Asian Prehistoric Archaeolgoy’ Sandra Olsesn, Chair.

Hard Evidence from Fuzzy Data: a Closer Look at Invisible Imports

Paper presented at ‘Fleeting Identities: Perishable Material Culture in Archaeological

Research’. Fifteenth annual Visiting Scholars Conference, Southern Illinois

University, Carbondale, Ill, 17-18 April, 1998. Chaired by Penelope Drooker.

Early Evidence for Rug Weaving: Pile and Kilim in Iranian Seistan

and Central Asia

Paper presented at the 20th Annual Rug Convention,

The Textile Museum,  Washington, DC, October 1997

Textile Production in Eastern Iran: the View from Shahr-i Sokhta

Paper presented at the 61st Annual Meetings of the Society for American

Archaeology, New Orleans, April 1996. Craft Production in Ancient Near East:

The Eastern View’ Rita Wright, Chair.

Silk, Science and the Longue Durée

Paper presented at the First Annual Boston University Graduate Student Forum,

“Archaeology and the Future”; Session entitled “Theory and Technology:

Never the Twain Shall Meet?”, Boston, Massachusetts, November 1995

The Archaeology of Silk

Poster presented at the Conference on Science and Archaeology, Harvard

University, October 1994. Robert Tikot, organizer.

Speaking Engagements

What Cloth can Tell

40th anniversary Lecture Series, Plenary Lecture, Department of Anthropology,

University of New Brunswick, Fredricton, NB. October, 2006.

New Views on the Tarim Mummies of Xinjiang

East Asian Archaeology Seminar, Harvard University, May 2006.

A Stitch in Time: a Look at Clothing on Bog Bodies

Public Lecture Series,Carnegie Museums of Natural History,

Pittsburgh, November 2005.

Andean Textiles in the Peabody Museum, Harvard: the indigenous

art of Peru and New contributions to the study of ancient wools:

textiles from the Tarim Basin, Xinjiang

Hilary Term Public Lectures, Ashmolean Museum, University of Oxford ,

March 2003.

Current Research on the Analysis of Archaeological Silks

Lecture to the Institute of Archaeology, University of Oxford, Spring 2003.

Andrew Sherratt, Organizer.

Early South Asian Silk

Vth Roundtable on the Ethnogenesis of South and

Central Asia; Sanskrit Dept., Harvard University, May 9-12 2003.

Michael Witzel, Organizer.

Reading Between the Threads: Interpreting pre-Columbian textiles

from the Peruvian Andes Western Hemisphere Project Lecture Series,

Massachusetts Institute of Technology April 2003.

From Mats to Mantles: Andean Textiles of the Peabody Museum

Peabody Museum Research Lecture Series, Harvard University, 2002.

Clan, Cloth and Clime

Smithsonian Western Civilization Series ‘The Search for Indo-European Origins’

Smithsonian Institution, Washington,. DC, 1997.

Textiles from IIIrd Millennium B.C. Shahr-i Sokhta, Seistan.

Department of Anthropology, Harvard University, 1996.

Recent Positions

Research and Curatorial Associate

2003-2005  Xinjiang Textiles Project. Peabody Museum, Harvard University

Visiting Curator Andean Textile Project, Peabody Museum, Harvard University

2001-2003  Rubie Watson, Director.

Consultant

2001-2003 Textile Conservation Center

American Textile History Museum

491 Dutton Street

Lowell, MA 01854-4221

Expert Witness Civil Division, Dept. of Justice

2000-2002  26 Federal Plaza

New York, NY 10278

Textile Analyst Shahr-i Sokhta Textile Study, Istituto Italiano per l’Africa e

1996-2001  l’Oriente, Rome. Maurizio Tosi, Principal Investigator.

Tarim Basin Mummies Project, Department of Asian and

Middle Eastern Studies, University of Pennsylvania, Victor

Mair, Principal Investigator.

The Silk Project. William Telfer and Robert H. Dyson,

principal investigators, University of Pennsylvania.

Current Projects Southern Tajikistan Archaeological Reconnaisance

project supported by the American Institute for Iranian Studies

The Archaeology of Silk

research supported by the American Philosophical Society

A Social Archaeology of Cloth

research supported by the Guggenheim Foundation

Investigating the Origins of Wool

research supported by the American Schools of Prehistoric Research

Website  www.ancientcloth.org

Affiliations

Explorers’ Club (Fellow)

Carnegie Museums of Natural History (Research Associate)

American Anthropological Association (Member)

Society for American Archaeology (Member)

Textile Society of America (Member)

Union of Concerned Scientists (Member)

Special  Photography, photomicrography, digital imaging and analysis,

Training  scanning electron microscopy, drafting, cartography/GIS (ArcView, Erdas Imagine),

Statistical analysis and interpretation, multivariate analyses, SPSS, and SAS

field and laboratory conservation of organics. Chemical extraction

of soils, palynology. Standard biochemical techniques (including gel filtration

chromatography, SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, immunological assays).

Handspinning (wheel and drop spindle), handweaving (four-harness floor loom).

Languages  French (fluent)

Reading knowledge: Italian, Russian, German, Norwegian

Notes on Ivan Vasilevich Stchoukine

Stchukin, Ivan. “A manuscript of the treaty of al-Jazari on the automata of the seventh century of the hegira” in Gazette des beaux-arts. Flight. (6th per.) 11. 1934. 134-140.

Edhem, Fehmi and Ivan Stchoukine. Illustrated oriental manuscripts of the Library of the University of Stamboul. Series: Memoirs of the French Institute of Archeology, Stamboul, I. Paris: E. de Boccard, editor, 1933.

Stchukin, Ivan. The Indian Miniatures of the Time of the Great Moghols at the Musee du 1929 Louvre.

Stchukin, Ivan. The Paintings of the Safavis Manuscripts of 1502 … 1587. Paris: Librairie Orientaliste Paul Geuthner, 1959.

Stchukin, Ivan. The Paintings of the Manuscripts of Shah ‘Abbas 1st. At The End Of The Safavis. Paris, Orientalist Bookstore Paul Geuthner, 1964.

Stchukin, Ivan. The Paintings of the Timurid Manuscripts. Paris: 1954 ,.

Stchukin, Ivan. The Turkish Painting D’Apres Manscrits The Illustrious, the Turkish Painting after the

Illustrious Manuscripts. 2 volumes. Part I: From Sulayman I to Osman II, 1520-1622.

Stchukin, Ivan. Indian Origin Of A Persian Manuscript Perspective Completes In 844 AH Paris, 1969.

Stchoukine, Ivan, L “The Paintings of the Manuscripts of the ‘Khamseh’ of Nizami at the Topkapi Sarayi Müzesi of Istanbul,” in French Institute of Archeology of Beirut, t. XCVI (1977). Sachau, Edward C., Alberuni’s India, 2 flights. In 1, (London: 1964).

Notes on J. W. Allan

Allan, J. W. “Abu’l-Qasim’s Treatise on Ceramics.” Iran I I (I 973): 111-20.

Allan, J. W. “From Tabriz to Siirt – Relocation of a Thirteenth-Century Metalworking School.” Iran z6 (1978): ‘8z-3.

Allan, J. W. “Sha’ban, Barquq, and the Decline of the Mamluk Metalworking Industry.”Muqarnes 2 (1984): 85-94.

Allan, J. W. “The Survival of Precious and Base Metal Objects from the Medieval Islamic World.” In Pots and Pans: A Colloquium on Precious Metals and Ceramic. Oxford Studies in Islamic Art. Oxford, 1985. PP. 57-70.

Allan, J. W. Islamic Metalwork: The Nuhad Es-Said Collection. London, 1982.

Allan, James W. Islamic Metalwork: The Nuhad es-Said Collection. London: Sotheby Publications, 1982.

Allan, James W. “Later Mamluk Metalwork: A Series of Dishes” in Oriental Art. Vol. 15: No. 1. 1969. 38-43.

Allan, James W. Metalwork of the Islamic World: The Aron Collection. London: Sotheby’s Publications, 1986.

Allan, James W. “Sha`ban, Barquq, and the Decline of the Mamluk Metalworking Industry” in Muqarnas: An Annual on Islamic Art and Architecture. Vol. 2. 1984. 85-94.

Allan, James W. “The Survival of Precious and Base Metal Objects from the Medieval Islamic World” in Pots and Pans: A Colloquium on Precious Metals and Ceramics in the Muslim, Chinese and Graeco-Roman Worlds. Vickers, Michael (edited by). Oxford, March 1985. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986. 57-70.

Allan, James W. “Concave or Convex? The Sources of Jaziran and Syrian Metalwork in the 13th Century” in The Art of Syria and the Jazira, 1100-1250. JuliaRaby (edited by). Oxford Studies in Islamic Art; I. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1985. 127-139.

Allan, James W. “Muhammad ibn al-Zain: Craftsman in Cups, Thrones and Window Grilles?” in Levant. Vol. 28. 1996. 199-208.

Allan, James W. “Mamluk Sultanic Heraldry and the Numismatic Evidence: A Reinterpretation” in JRAS. 1970. 99-112.

Notes on J.R. Azizollahoff

J.R. Azizollahoff, oriental carpet dealer, broker and author of The Illustrated Buyer’s Guide to Oriental Carpets.

Joe Azizollahoff is a top Oriental rug dealer and teaches a Oriental rug course at Marymount Manhattan University.

Azizollahoff J. R. The Illustrated Buyer’s Guide to Oriental Carpets. Schiffer Publishing, Ltd. 1998

From the Publisher

A beautiful, practical introduction to Oriental carpets for laymen, designers, and collectors, presented from the perspective of a successful, third-generation wholesaler. Using concise text, over 370 vivid color photographs, and more than 45 detailed line drawings, J.R. Azizollahoff explains the complexities, intricacies and irregularities in old handmade carpets and identifies the more important rug types. The combined text, photographs and drawings also bring to light what dealers look for and examine when evaluating an antique carpet. Also provided is a look at new carpets, which gives the reader a glimpse of the wonderful energy and creativity to be found in modern rugs. Approximate values are included with the photographs as a helpful guide for consumers and collectors. The book’s bibliography provides useful listings for further research.

Synopsis

From the Author:

The purpose of this book is a little different than most rug books in that I try to convey the essence or aesthetic of old and new oriental carpets in pictures. With 375 photographs, this may be the most copiously illustrated rug book ever published. In addition, I give down-to-earth data, as clearly and directly as possible, about oriental rugs so that buyers, by following my advice and the 48 diagrams which illustrate the imperfections in old carpets, can purchase rugs more safely. The prices that accompany each carpet illustrated caused a stir in the market because some rug dealers believed that estimates are entirely subjective and that no price should be put on carpets at all. While some old rug dealers felt that I gave away too many trade secrets, most would agree with me that an educated consumer, or one who does not buy blind, is ultimately good for business.

From The Critics

Barry O’Connell – Rug News

I thought the problem with most rug books is that they are written by men for men, but it is much more insidious than that. The real problem with most rug books is that they are written by collectors for collectors. Recently I received a book that bucks that trend. The Illustrated Buyer’s Guide to Oriental Carpets by J.R. Azizollahoff… is the first book on carpets that I can remember my wife… showing any real interest…. What then makes this carpet different than the vast assortment of rug books on the market today? First of all, this book is geared to the decorative rug buyer. It presents in a straight forward manner the best of each of the decorative categories. Most books make antique carpets the focus and sneer at new production. What Azizollahoff does is to present antique and new in a non-judgmental way that makes the new production look as attractive as the antique…. The photography is outstanding…. The rug selection is beautiful. He gives us a good cross-sample of the very best of the market. To those of us who sell rugs, it is a good benchmark to compare our own rugs…. The frank and open discussion of such subjects as cut and reduced, repaired and painted rugs is a wonderful refresher course for experienced dealers and invaluable for people learning the business.

Victorian Decorating & Lifestyle

This painstakingly detailed book,… fully illustrated with beautiful color photographs of old and new carpets of every type, will be a tremendous help in taking the mystery out of finding an Oriental carpet that is right for you.

Antiques & Collecting magazine

Oriental carpet lovers will value this informative book, written by a third generation oriental carpet dealer. The book speaks to the reader without fuss or flourish, provides basic, practical information, includes drawings to help illustrate defects and discusses carpet care.

Myrna Bloom – The East-West Room,

A workable criteria for the pricing of Oriental and machine-made rugs made from 1880 through 1950. Pictures, explanations, details, prices, clear, knowledgeably-written text from the voice of experience. Good advice on many topics concerning carpets and their intelligent purchase…. This is an informative book, worthy of attention by all levels of Oriental rug collectors and admirers. Mr. Azizollahoff ‘s family-run business originated in Iran, with branches in Europe and South Africa. The author is also a teacher, which partly explains his well-organized approach.

Antique Journal

The lover of oriental carpets will find a real treasure here in page after page of lovely carpets, each carefully and thoroughly described and priced. The text… is very informative, providing much useful information. Some very specific means for identifying and evaluating both old and new rugs are offered along with advice for selecting, purchasing, and caring for these rugs. The book provides a broad overview, describing and showing rugs from all over the globe…. This book will go a long way toward helping consumers become knowledgeable.

NY Metro

This wonderfully illustrated and comprehensive guide to Oriental carpets… is a must reference for all interior designers. Mr. Azizollahoff has managed to combine his knowledge and experience in the trade into a source guide that is at once informative and accessible. The book is divided into three chapters: “Practical Information about Carpets”, “Imperfections in Old Carpets” and “Carpet Care.” Topics range anywhere from the Iran boycott to design tips, with many more topics in between, including an appendix that lists old carpets commonly found in the trade….

Antique Trader

This is an extremely practical and informative reference…. Author J.R. Azizollahoff… brings his experience and vast knowledge to the reader in a concise, straightforward way. Practical information on weaving, dying, design evolution, identifying, buying, storing, cleaning and repairing is included to make this a valuable and comprehensive resource.

Notes on James C. Allen

I tend to think of James C. Allen as only one of the truly great men of Turkmen collecting and scholarship. Jim or JC as he is sometime called is more than just a Turkmen specialist. His knowledge and insight into the range and breadth of oriental rugs is seldom equaled

Jim has been a guest of the Turkmanbashii, the supreme ruler of Turkmenistan where he delivered a paper to the “Symposium on Cultural Affairs Concerning Classical Culture” in Askhabad, Turkmenistan, in October of 2000. Jim and his collection have been featured in Ghereh the Oriental Rug Magazine and Hali. He has also been a speaker at Colorado Textile Group, ACOR, and ICOC.

The oldest known Tekke Juval,

Circa 1656

The Allen Tekke Juval was the subject of a research project involving the Metropolitan Museum of Art Conservation department and the University of Arizona, Tucson. This juval was determined to be the oldest Tekke Juval known in the world.

This Juval has been the subject of articles in Ghereh the Oriental Rug Magazine and Hali.

Some Rugs that have passed through Jim’s hands:

The James C. Allen Azeri Gendge Rug

The James C. Allen Gendge Long Rug

The James C. Allen Fachralo Kazak Prayer Rug

The James C. Allen Fachralo Kazak Prayer Rug #2

The James C. Allen Fachralo Kazak

The Allen Yomud Asmalyk

A-Bey on eBay Early 19th Yomud Chuval

A-Bey on eBay Shahsevan Kelim

Yomud Knotted Pile Ensi

The Mehra Zakatala Long Rug

The James C. Allen Cloud Band Kazak

Lesghi Star Shirvan rug

The Allen Yomud Dowry Juval

The James C. Allen Kuba Perpedil

The James C. Allen Step Medallion Kazak

Over the years Jim has advanced his ideas in a wide range of venues. Jim was a guest of His Excellency Saparmurat Niyazov Türkmenbasy, President of Turkmenistan and Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers. He has also addressed the Armenian Rug Society about the origin of a group of Caucasian Rugs without Armenian inscriptions. Jim has been extremely influential not only by what he has written but by the collections he has shaped. Many pieces of his are now in the world’s top museums and collections.

Notes on James Mark Keshishian A.S.A.

It is with great sadness I report that Uncle Jimmy passed away May 15, 2003. Just yesterday my one year old Monty was wearing an outfit that Uncle Jimmy gave our son Max when he was a little fellow. We were not related to Uncle Jimmy by blood or marriage. Jim was a kind and good man who was a great friend to us. I will miss him and forever remember his countless acts of kindness.

Uncle Jimmy Keshishian is the USA’s top appraiser of Oriental Carpets. He and his brother Harold operate Mark Keshishian & Sons Oriental Rugs in Chevy Chase Maryland. Uncle Jimmy is the founder and past President of the Armenian Rug Society. Jim has taught the Oriental Rug course in the Appraisal Science program at George Washington University. Jim is a member of the Cosmos Club and is father of three children.

Jim Keshishian is one of the finest men I have met. His knowledge of Oriental rugs is enviable and the generosity he shows to others is extraordinary.

Keshishian is considered one of the or perhaps even the top expert on Oriental rugs. He is an senior appraiser in the A.S.A. and wrote the appraisal test used by ORRA. Jim was asked to write a chapter on Oriental Carpets for a law book on Valuation Strategies in Divorce Proceedings (I was quite honored that Jim asked my help in editing his draft of the chapter). Jim has also been called upon to act as an expert witness by the Internal Revenue Service and US Customs in addition to testimony in court cases.

Jim has been a leader in the effort to recognize the cultural achievement of the Armenian people. Jim has been active in a wide range of efforts including as a founder of the Armenian Rug Society, as an officer, and as President. He has also worked for the benefit of his people, Armenia as a nation, Armenian schools, the embassy and so many others charitable acts as to be too long to list.

Valuation Strategies in Divorce

By: Feder, Robert D.

3rd ed//Hardback

472 pages

John Wiley and Sons Ltd

ISBN: 0471592323

LONGTIME ARMENIAN-AMERICAN ACTIVIST DONATES MILLION-DOLLAR UNIQUE RUG

COLLECTION TO FUTURE ARMENIAN GENOCIDE MUSEUM

Washington, DC – Washington-area activist and prominent businessman James M. Keshishian has donated his rare Armenian rug collection to the future Armenian Genocide Museum and Memorial (AGMM).  The collection, appraised at nearly one million dollars, includes over 100 inscribed carpets – some of which were woven by survivors of the Armenian Genocide.

One of the most discriminating experts on the subject of Armenian rugs, Keshishian operates a successful oriental rugs and tapestries business located in Chevy Chase, Maryland.  He learned the family business from his father Mark, who established the first Keshishian Oriental Rug store in London, England.  During the Depression, the family moved to the U.S. and Mark opened a store in Washington – and soon counted the White House among its clientele.

James Keshishian expanded the family business and in 1980 established the Armenian Rug Society, for rug enthusiasts to discuss, research and document Armenian-made rugs.  His passion for rugs, especially those woven in Armenia, also inspired him to author the book,  “Inscribed Armenian Rugs of Yesteryear,” published in 1994.

Keshishian, who is equally as passionate about Armenia and Armenian-American issues, is also a supporter of the Armenian Assembly of America.  A fellow trustee for some 30 years, Keshishian was recognized during the Assembly’s Board of Trustees Banquet March 1 for his generous donation, with the establishment of the James M. Keshishian Internship.

The Armenian National Institute’s Board of Governors Chairman Robert A. Kaloosdian thanked Keshishian for his unwavering support of the Armenian people “and for all your life-long contributions and acts on behalf of Armenia.”

“On behalf of the Armenian Assembly, the Armenian National Institute and the Armenian Genocide Museum and Memorial, I thank you and I applaud you for this extraordinary gift,” Kaloosdian added.

Keshishian, expressing thanks for the honor, said his collection of handmade Armenian rugs and antiquities has been a labor of love and he is pleased the AGMM will house the artifacts, especially those made by survivors and known as “orphan rugs.”  The collection, mostly acquired from the Caucasus region, includes pieces from the late nineteenth century.

The future museum will be housed in the historic National Bank building and three adjoining lots, located in downtown Washington DC – just two blocks from the White House. Constructed in 1925, the bank building is listed as a landmark in the DC Inventory of Historic Sites and in the National Register of Historic Places.

The Armenian National Institute is dedicated to the study, research, and affirmation of the Armenian Genocide.  Visit its Web site at www.armenian-genocide.org.

PRESS RELEASE

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

March 17, 2003

Notes on Jean Mailey

Dimand, M. S. and Jean Mailey. Oriental Rugs in the Metropolitan Museum of Art New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1973.

Mailey, Jean Verity Wilson, `Chinese Dress’ MAY 87 issue unavailable. Orientations Asian Art Subjects Covered — CHINA Book Reviews

Mailey, Jean, (curator). The Manchu dragon: costumes of the Ching Dynasty, 1644-1912: accompanying the exhibition … December 16, 1980-August 30, 1981. New York : The Metropolitan Museum of Art Museum, 1980.

Mailey, Jean, Embroidery of Imperial China, China Institute in America, NY, NY, 1978.

Embroidery of Imperial China March 17 – May 28, 1978. Curator: Jean Mailey China Institute

Notes on Jean-Claude Garcin

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Review of Renaissance of Islam: Art of the Mamluks, by Esin Atil; and Muqarnas, vol. 2, edited by Oleg Grabar” in BCAI. Vol. 5. 1988. 220-222.Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Review of Outsiders in the Lands of Islam: Mamluks, Mongols, and Eunuchs, by David Ayalon” in BCAI. Vol. 8. 1992. 97-99.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Le Caire et la province: Constructions au Caire et à Qus sous les mamelouks bahrides” in AI. Vol. 8. 1969. 47-62. Reprinted in his Espaces, pouvoirs et ideologies de l’Egypte medievale.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Review of Les trois vies du sultan Baïbars: Choix des textes et présentation, edited by Jacqueline Sublet” in BCAI. Vol. 11. 1994. 137-138.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Deux saints populaires du Caire au début du XVIe siècle” in BEO. Vol. 29. 1977. 131-143. Additional title: Melanges offerts a Henri Laoust, vol. 1.Reprinted in his Espaces, pouvoirs et ideologies de l’Egypte medievale.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Review of Les waqfs et la vie sociale en Égypte (648-923/1250-1517), by M. M. Amin; and An Urban History of Bulaq in the Mamluk and Ottoman Periods, by Nelly Hanna” in BCAI. Vol. 6. 1989. 126-130.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Review of Fihrist Watha’iq al-Qahirah hattá Nihayat `Asr Salatin al-Mamalik (239-922 AH/853-1516 AD), by Muhammad Muhammad Amin” in AI. Vol. 21. 1985. 321-323.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Histoire et hagiographie de l’Égypte musulmane à la fin de l’époque mamelouke et au début de l’époque ottomane” in Hommages à la mémoire de Serge Sauneron (1927-1976), II: Égypte post-pharaonique. Bibliothèque d’étude; 82. Cairo: Institut français d’archéologie orientale, 1979. 287-316. Reprinted in his Espaces, pouvoirs et ideologies de l’Egypte medievale.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Histoire, opposition politique et pietisme traditionaliste dans le Husn al-Muhadarat de Suyûti” in AI. Vol. 7. 1967. 33-91. Reprinted in his Espaces, pouvoirs et ideologies de l’Egypte medievale.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Index des Tabaqat de Sha`rani (pour la fin du IXe et le début du Xe s. H.)” in AI. Vol. 6. 1963. 31-94.

de Tassy, Garcin. “Supplément à la Notice de M. de Hammer, sur l’Introduction à la connaissance de l’Histoire, célèbre ouvrage arabe d’Ibn Khaledoun” in JA. Vol. 4. March 1824. 158-161.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Jean-Léon l’Africain et `Aydhab” in AI. Vol. 11. 1972. 189-209. Reprinted in his Espaces, pouvoir et ideologies de l’Egypte medievale.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Kus” in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. 2d edition. Vol. 5. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1986. 514-515.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Kusayr” in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. 2d edition. Vol. 5. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1986. 518-519.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Review of Renaissance of Islam: Art of the Mamluks, by Esin Atil; and Muqarnas, vol. 2, edited by Oleg Grabar” in BCAI. Vol. 5. 1988. 220-222.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Review of Labour in the Medieval Islamic World, by Maya Shatzmiller” in SI. Vol. 85. 1997. 171-176.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “La ‘méditerranéisation’ de l’empire mamelouk sous les sultans bahrides” in RSO. Vol. 48. 1973-1974. 109-116. Reprinted in his Espaces, pouvoir et ideologies de l’Egypte medievale.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Milieux urbains et mouvements populaires” in Arabica. Vol. 43: No. 1. 1996. 146-151. Volume title: L’Oeuvre de Claude Cahen.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “La mosquée al-Lamati à Minya” in AI. Vol. 13. 1977. 101-111.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Note sur les rapportes entre bédouins et fallahs à l’époque mamluke” in AI. Vol. 14. 1978. 147-163. Reprinted in his Espaces, pouvoirs et ideologies de l’Egypte medievale.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Review of The Transmission of Knowledge in Medieval Cairo: A Social History of Islamic Education, by Jonathan P. Berkey” in BCAI. Vol. 10. 1993. 140-143.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Pour un recours à l’histoire de l’espace vécu dans l’étude de l’Égypte arabe” in Annales: Économies, sociétés, civilisations. Vol. 35. 1980. 436-451. Reprinted in his Espaces, pouvoirs et ideologies de l’Egypte medievale.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Le Proche-Orient arabe à l’époque mamluke: Bilan et tendances des recherches depuis 1967” in L’Arabisant. Vol. 26. 1987. 69-78.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Le sultan et pharaon (le politique et le religieux dans l’Égypte mamluke)” in Hommages à François Daumas. Vol. 1. Montpellier: Institut d’égyptologie, Université Paul-Valéry, 1986. 261-272. Reprinted in his Espaces, pouvoirs et ideologies de l’Egypte medievale.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Qus” in The Coptic Encyclopedia. Vol. 7. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1991. 2043-2046.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Remarques sur un plan topographique de la grande mosquée de Qûs” in AI. Vol. 9. 1970. 97-108.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Review of Die Epitome der Universalchronik Ibn al-Dawadaris im Verhältnis zur Langfassung: Eine quellenkritische Studie zur Geschichte der ägyptischen Mamluken, edited by Gunhild Graf” in BCAI. Vol. 8. 1992. 95-96.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Review of Die mamlukische Architektur der Stadt Gaza, by Mohamed-Moain Sadek” in BCAI. Vol. 11. 1994. 215-217.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Review of History and Historiography of the Mamluks, by Donald P. Little” in BCAI. Vol. 5. 1988. 138-141.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Le système militaire mamluk et le blocage de la société musulmane médiévale” in AI. Vol. 24. 1988. 93-110.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Transport des épices et espace égyptien entre le XIe et le XVe siécle” in Annals de Bretagne et des pays de l’Ouest. Vol. 85: No. 2. 1978. 305-314. Volume title: Les transports au Moyen Age.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Du rab` à la masrîya: Réflexion sur les évolutions et les emprunts des formules d’habitat dans le monde musulman de Méditerranée à l’époque médiévale” in AI. Vol. 31. 1997. 61-80.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Review of Popular Culture in Medieval Cairo, by Boaz Shoshan” in BCAI. Vol. 12. 1996. 158-160.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Review of Slave Soldiers and Islam: The Genesis of a Military System, by Daniel Pipes” in BCAI. Vol. 3. 1986. 99-102.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Review of The Age of the Crusades: The Near East from the Eleventh Century to 1517, by Peter M. Holt” in BCAI. Vol. 5. 1988. 130-132.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Review of The Civilian Elite of Cairo in the Later Middle Ages, by Carl F. Petry” in JESHO. Vol. 28. 1985. 220-224.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Review of Protectors or Praetorians? The Last Mamluk Sultans and Egypt’s Waning as a Great Power, by Carl F. Petry” in JESHO. Vol. 39: No. 4. 1996. 447-450.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Review of Twilight of Majesty: The Reigns of Mamluk Sultans Al-Ashraf Qaytbay and Qansuh al-Ghawri in Egypt, by Carl F. Petry” in JESHO. Vol. 39: No. 1. 1996. 58-59.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “al-Sa`id, or Sa`id Misr, 1. History” in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. 2d edition. Vol. 8. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1995. 862-866.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Review of Islamic Urban Studies: Historical Review and Perspectives, edited by Masashi Haneda and Toru Miura” in JESHO. Vol. 40: No. 3.1997. 314-318.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Toponymie et topographie urbaines médiévales à Fustat et au Caire” in JESHO. Vol. 27. 1984. 113-155. Reprinted in his Espaces, pouvoirs et ideologies de l’Egypte medievale.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Quelques questions sur l’évolution de l’habitat meediéval dans le pays musulmans de Méditerranée” in L’habitat traditionnel dans les pays musumlams autour de la Méditerranée, 2: L’histoire et le milieu. Aix-en-Provence, 6-8 June 1984. Études urbaines; vol. I/2. IFAO: 1990. 369-385. Appendix

contains text of waqf of `Ali b. Ahmad b. Muhammad b. Aqbugha al-Shaybani, dated 19 Rabi` al-Awwal 869/19 November 1464.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Les traces de l’époque musulmane” in Kellia I: Kom 219, Fouilles exécutées en 1964 et 1965. Fouilles de l'”IFAO; 28. Cairo: Institut français d’archéologie orientale, 1969. 125-134 (Chap. 7).

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Review of Eine Stadtgeschichte Alexandrias von 564/1169 bis in die Mitte des 9./15. Jahrhunderts: Verwaltung und innerstädtische Organisationsformen, by Martina Müller-Wiener” in BCAI. Vol. 12. 1996. 151-154.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Review of Le voile du nom: Essai sur le nom propre arabe, by Jacqueline Sublet” in BCAI. Vol. 9. 1992. 132-133.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Le Caire et l’évolution urbaine des pays musulmans à l’époque médiévale” in AI. Vol. 25. 1991. 289-304.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Enquête sur le financement d’un waqf égyptien du XVe siècle: Les comptes de Jawhar Al-lala” in JESHO. Vol. 38. 1995. 262-304.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “The Mamluk Military System and the Blocking of Medieval Moslem Society” in Europe and the Rise of Capitalism. Baechler, Jean et al. (edited by). Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1988. 113-130.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Un ensemble de waqfs du IXe/XVe siècle en Égypte: Les actes de Jawhar al-Lâlâ” in Itinéraires d’Orient: Hommages à Claude Cahen. Curiel, Raoul (edited by). Res Orientales; 6. Bures-sur-Yvette: Groupe pour l’Étude de la Civilisation du Moyen-Orient, 1994. 309-324.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Les waqfs d’une madrasa du Caire au XVe siècle: Les propriétés urbaines de Gawhar al-Lala” in Le waqf dans l’espace islamique: Outil de pouvoir socio-politique. Deguilhem, Randi (edited by). Damascus: Institut français de Damas, 1995. 151-186.

Revault, Jacques. “Constructions et décor” in Palais et maisons du Caire, I: Époque mamelouke (XIIIe-XVIe siècles). Garcin, Jean-Claude et al. (edited by). Paris: Centre national de la recherche scientifique, 1982. 219-258.

Revault, Jacques. “L’architecture domestique du Caire à l’époque mamelouke (XIIIe-XVIe siècles)” in Palais et maisons du Caire, I: Époque mamelouke (XIIIe-XVIe siècles). Garcin, Jean-Claude et al. (edited by). Paris: Centre national de la recherche scientifique, 1982. 19-142.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Le Proche-Orient à l’époque mamluke” in États, sociétés et cultures du monde musulman médiéval, Xe-XVe siècle, tome 1: L’évolution politique et sociale. Garcin, Jean-Claude et al. (by). Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1995. (Chap. 12) 343-369.

Garcin, Jean-Claude et al. (editors). Palais et maisons du Caire, I: Époque mamelouke (XIIIe-XVIe siècles). Paris: Centre national de la recherche scientifique, 1982.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Habitat médiéval et histoire urbaine à Fustat et au Caire” in Palais et maisons du Caire, I: Époque mamelouke (XIIIe-XVIe siècles). Garcin, Jean-Claude et al. (edited by). Paris: Centre national de la recherche scientifique, 1982. 145-216. Reprinted in his Espaces, pouvoirs et ideologies de l’Egypte medievale.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. Espaces, pouvoirs et idéologies de l’Égypte médiévale. London: Variorum Reprints, 1987.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. Un centre musulman de la haute Égypte médiévale: Qus. Textes arabes et études islamiques; 6. Cairo: Institut français d’archéologie orientale, 1976.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Aux sources d’une idéologie: La force empruntée de l’Islam (trafic d’hommes et mentalités en Méditerranée)” in Le miroir égyptien: Rencontres méditerranéennes. Ilbert, Robert (edited by). Provence, 17-19 January 1983. Marseille: Éditions du Quai Jeanne Laffitte, 1984. 157-169. Reprinted in his Espaces, pouvoirs et ideologies de l’Egypte medievale.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “Al-Maqrîzî (1364-1442): Un historien encyclopédique du monde afro-oriental” in Les africains. Julien, Charles-André et al. (edited by). Vol. 9. Paris: Les éditions du jaguar, 1977. 197-223.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “The Regime of the Circassian Mamluks” in The Cambridge History of Egypt. Vol.1: Islamic Egypt, 640-1517. Petry, Carl F. (edited by). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. 290-317.

Garcin, Jean-Claude. “L’insertion sociale de Sha`rani dans le milieu cairote” in Colloque international sur l’histoire du Caire/al-Nadwah al-Duwaliyah li-Tarikh al-Qahirah. Raymond, André et al. (edited by). Cairo, 27 March-5 April 1969. Cairo: Wizarat al-Thaqafah, n.d.. 159-168.

Notes on Jenny Housego

Jenny Housego of Delhi, India, where she and her husband run a clothing manufacturing business.

Formerly of London, England, formerly of the Textile Department of the Victoria and Albert Museum, London specializing in Persian Textiles.

Lived in Iran in the 1970s where she was a founding member of the Teheran Rug Society with John Wertime, Parviz Tanavoli, and Ambassador Amadeo DeFranchi.

Established the Dubai Museum in the United Arab Emirates, 1971.

Active in the Oriental Rug and Textile Society of Great Britain.

Co-author of Animal Covers from Iran, Teheran Rug Society.

Housego, Jenny. Tribal Rugs: An Introduction to the Weavings of the Tribes of Iran. Scorpion, London.

“Northwest Persian and Caucasian Flatweaves”. Washington DC: ICOC 1980.

Housego, Jenny. “‘Mamluk’ Carpets and North Africa” in .

Housego, Jenny Literary References to Carpets in North Africa, Oriental Carpet & Textile Studies, vol. 2, pp. 103-70. Carpets of the Mediterranean Countries 1400 – 1600. Edited by Robert Pinner and Walter B. Denny. London. 1986

‘Mamluk’ Carpets and North Africa, Oriental Carpet & Textile Studies, vol. 2, pp. 221-241. Carpets of the Mediterranean Countries 1400 – 1600. (Oriental Carpet and Textile Studies. Vol. 2. ) Edited by Robert Pinner and Walter B. Denny. London. 1986

Housego, Jenny. Tribal Rugs. New York, Interlink Books, 1991.

This is a very important book for people interested in Persian Tribal Rugs. Housego’s work is very solid and she spent a good bit of time in Iran researching the rugs. She was part of the Teheran Rug Club that did important work into the Shahsavan tribe. Lots of pictures but many are B&W still for the money it is a good buy. Lib.

From the Publisher:

This book is regarded as the most authoritative work on tribal rugs. The colorful way of life, often associated with its arduous and ancient patterns of migrations through rugged and spectacular landscapes, forms the backdrop of this much needed book.

This book paints a fascinating picture, not only showing superb examples of tribal rugs but also the way in which they are woven and the life of the tribes themselves.

The author’s many years of study and close association with the tribespeople responsible for these stunning rugs and fabrics enables her to speak with authority, not only about well-known groups such as the Qashqa’i of southwest Iran, the Baluch of the southeast, the widespread Kurds and the Turkoman, but also such important weaving groups as the Shahsavan of the north regions.

In short, Jenny Housego is able to describe the rich elements in the design as well as giving technical notes on the weaving so that the text and pictures together form an essential introduction for anyone who knows or cares about rugs.

Traditional Craft/Oriental Rugs • 8″ x 7 3/4″ • 180 pages • color illus.

ISBN 1-56656-218-X • paperback $19.95

Notes on Jeremiah Curtin

Jeremiah Curtin was a linguist and folk tale collector from Milwaukee.Born in Door County, Wisconsin.

Jeremiah Curtin family was close to the family of the Irish “Judas” Eamon de Valera (the man who betrayed Michael Collins to the British).

Curtin, Jeremiah and J. N. B. Hewitt Bureau of American Ethnology Report Thirty Second Annual Report for 1910-1911 Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institute, 1918

Curtin, Jeremiah. MYTHS AND FOLK-TALES OF THE RUSSIANS, WESTERN SLAVS, AND MAGYARS. Little, Brown, and Company. 1903,

Curtin, Jeremiah A Journey in Southern Siberia: The Mongols, Their Religion and Their Myths. With a Map, and Numerous Illustrations… Boston Little, Brown 1909.

Curtin, Jeremiah Memoirs of Jeremiah Curtin Madison: State Historical Society of Wisconsin, 1940, xii, 925 pp., 3 illus. in b&w. This is a moving panorama of Curtin’s travels and experiences including Mongolia and the Caucasus.

Curtin, Jeremiah. Mongols. Little, Brown, 1908; foreword by Teddy Roosevelt; frontis.;

Curtin, Jeremiah The Mongols in Russia. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1908. 8vo – over 7¾” – 9¾” tall. 481 pages. This work as was its companion volume The Mongols, A History is dedicated to Theodore Roosevelt President of the United States. 481 pages

Sieniewicz, Henry (translated from the Polish by Jeremiah Curtin) Quo Vadis, A Narrative of the Time of Nero. Ny. The Book League of America c1923/1925.

Curtin, Jeremiah (translator), Tolstoi (Count Alexis) Prince Serebryani. A Historical Novel of the Times of Ivan the Terrible and of the Conquest of Siberia.Translated From the Russian by Jeremiah Curtin. NY: Dodd, Mead, 1893.

Sarmatian Review XV.3: Mikos

Notes on John Carswell

Professor John Carswell, for 10 years curator of the Oriental Institute Museum and director of the University of Chicago’s Museum of Fine Arts, has been appointed director of the department of Islamic Works of Arts at Sotheby’s in London. A graduate of the Royal College of Art, Carswell spent a quarter of a century working in the Middle East where he served as department chairman and professor of Fine Arts at the American University of Beirut. The author of numerous works, including The Kutahya Tiles and Pottery in the Armenian Cathedral at St. James, Jerusalem and New Julfa: The Armenian Churches and Other Buildings, he is currently preparing a monograph on the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem and a catalog on the Benaki Museum’s Ottoman ceramics. 83 Rug Notes

Pottery Points The Way In the pattern and shapes of plates and tiles are important clues to the ebb and flow of culture…Written by John Carswell

Carswell, John, Contributing Editors, Hali The International Magazine of Antique Carpet and Textile Art.

Carswell, John. “BOOKS”. Hali 97, 1998. page 98. “Secrets of the Harem, by Carla Coco, reviewed by John Carswell.”

Carswell, John. “Six Tiles.” In Islamic Art in the Metropolitan Museum of art, ed. Richard Ettinghausen. New York, I 976. Pp. 99- 1 24.

Carswell, John. Blue and White.- Chinese Porcelain and Its Impact on the Western World. Exhibition catalogue. Chicago, 1985.

Bosch, Gulnar, John Carswell, and Guy Petherbridge. Islamic Bindings and Bookmaking. Exhibition catalogue. Chicago, 1981.

Carswell, John. “Syrian Tiles from Sinai and Damascus” in Archaeology in the Levant: Essays for Kathleen Kenyon. Moorey, Roger (edited by). Warminster: Aris and Phillips, 1978. 269-296.

Carswell, John, Isnik Pottery, (London: 1998).

Carswell, John, “The Feast of the Gods: The Porcelain trade between China, Istanbul and Venice,” in Asian Affairs 24/2 (June 1993), 180-6.

The KHALILI Collections

 

Notes on John L. Sommer

John Sommer is a retired physician and an active rug collector.

He is past President of SFBARS and is a board member of the Textile Museum. He has recently authored a book on Kirghis reed screens.

Donna Sommer

Dr. John Sommer

“Kirghiz” Santa Monica: ACOR 3, 1996.

Sommer, John L.: The Kyrgyz and Their Reed Screens ; Fremont: 1996.

Dr. John Sommer expert on the Kirghiz gave a presentation at the Textile Museum on felt and felt making.

John Sommer is the son of a great woman and a hero of the Christian Faith Norah Lambert. Norah with her sister Rose Lambert figure prominiently in the history of Hadjin Turkey. The Lambert sisters were Mennonite Brethren Missionaries who refused to leave their posts even through the worst of the Armenian massacres. See www.Hadjin.com

The Kyrgyz and their reed screens

by John L. Sommer

Unknown Binding

Publisher: The Author; (1996)

ASIN: 1889666033

The Kyrghyz and their Reed Screens

Guest Curator Dr. John L. Sommer of Fremont, California, is a member of the board of directors of the Textile Arts Council, San Francisco, a trustee of the Textile Museum, Washington, DC, and president of the San Francisco Bay Area Rug Society.

Reeds & Wool was produced by Kauffman Museum whose exhibitions have received the Award of Merit from the American Association for State and Local History, and Awards for Excellence from the Kansas Museums Association. Reeds & Wool: Patterned Screens of Central Asia.

Notes on John Wansbrough

Wansbrough, John, Lingua Franca in the Mediterranean. Richmond, Surrey, 1996

Wansbrough, John. “Documents for the History of Commercial Relations between Egypt and Venice, 1442-1512” Ph.D. diss., University of London, 1961. Microfiche dated 1962

Wansbrough, John. “Faradj, al-Malik al-Nasir Zayn al-Din Abu’l-Sa`adat” in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. Vol. 2. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1965. 781-782.

Wansbrough, John. “Hasan, al-Malik al-Nasir Nasir al-Din Abu’l-Ma`ali” in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. 2d edition. Vol. 3. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1971. 239-240.

Wansbrough, John. “Hiba, ii. Mamluk Egypt” in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. 2d edition. Vol. 3. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1971. 346.

Wansbrough, John. “A Mamluk Ambassador to Venice in 913/1507” in BSOAS. Vol. 26. 1963. 503-530.

Wansbrough, John. “A Mamluk Letter of 877/1473” in BSOAS. Vol. 24. 1961. 200-213. Italian translation by Francesco Gabrieli, “Venezia e i Mamelucchi,” Venezia e l’Oriente fra tardo Medioevo e Rinascimento (Florence, 1966), pp. 429-431; and in L’Islam nella storia (Bari, 1966), pp. 97-116; reprinted in Italia euro-mediterranea nel Medioevo: Testimonianze di scrittori arabi, edited by Maria Giovanna Stasolla (Bologna, 1983).

Wansbrough, John. “Review of Crusade, Commerce and Culture; and The Crusade: Historiography and Bibliography, by Aziz Suryal Atiya” in BSOAS. Vol. 26. 1963. 658-659.

Wansbrough, John. “The Safe-Conduct in Muslim Chancery Practice” in BSOAS. Vol. 34. 1971. 20-35.

Wansbrough, John. “Venice and Florence in the Mamluk Commercial Privileges” in BSOAS. Vol. 28. 1965. 483-523.

Wansbrough, John. “Review of Handelsgeschichte Ägyptens im Spätmittelalter (1171-1517), by Subhi Labib” in BSOAS. Vol. 30. 1967. 187-188.

Wansbrough, John. “Review of The Black Death in the Middle East, by Michael W. Dols” in BSOAS. Vol. 41. 1978. 378-379.

Wansbrough, John. “Review of Levant Trade in the Later Middle Ages, by Eliyahu Ashtor; and The Jews and the Mediterranean Economy: 10th-15th Centuries, by Eliyahu Ashtor” in BSOAS. Vol. 49. 1986. 573-574.

Wansbrough, John. “A Mamluk Commercial Treaty Concluded with the Republic of Florence, 894/1489” in Documents from Islamic Chanceries. Stern, S. M. (edited by). Oriental Studies (1st ser.); 3. Oxford: Bruno Cassirer, 1965. 39-79.

Notes on John Wertime

Washington DC area specialty collectable rug dealer as well as author, lecturer, and expert on flatweaves and tribal rugs.

Wertime, John, Contributing Editors, Hali The International Magazine of Antique Carpet and Textile Art.

John Wertime

Rug & Carpet Dealers In The U.S.

The Best Rug & Carpet Appraisers

Sumac Bags by John Wertime

Wertime, J. Sumak Bags of Northeast Persia and Transcaucasia. 1998,

The Joseph V. McMullan Award

Tanavoli, Parviz. Translated by Wertime, John. Kings, Heroes, and Lovers

Wright, Richard. Wertime, John. Caucasian Carpets and Covers

“Persian Rug Weaving Cultures” Denver: ACOR4 Focus Session, 1998.

“Jajims” Santa Monica: ACOR 3, 1996.

Wertime, John T. SUMAK Bags of Northwest Persia and Transcaucasia. 1998,

de Franchis, A. and John T. Wertime: Lori and Bakhtiyari Flatweaves. Tehran: Tehran Rug Society, 1976

Wertime, John 1979 Flat­Woven Structures Found in Nomadic and Village Weavings from the Near East and Central Asia, Textile Museum Journal, vol. 18, pp. 33­55.

Wertime, John T. and Richard Wright 1995 The Tabriz Hypothesis: The Dragon and Related Floral Carpets, Asian Art: the Second Hali Annual, London, pp.30-53.

I often use John as an example of the top rung of collectable dealers. His knowledge, taste, and expertise is impeccable. I occasionally disagree with him for instance I totally disagree with his Tabriz Dragon Rug theory. However that is a small matter compared to all the points I agree and admire John’s scholarship on.

“New Realities” –Walter Denny, HALI magazine

The Terminology Tangle: Another View, by Marla Mallett

Review Caucasian Carpets and Covers

Orange Dye, John Wertime, and Shahsavan Bags

Persian Varamin Area Shahsevan Ru-korsi

Shahsavan Mafrash Panel

Abstract Art/Ancestral Visions Bijar Lion Mat

The Wertime Konya Area Sleeping Rug (yatak)

Notes on Jon Thompson

Dr. Jon Thompson has been one of the most important scholars and authors, particularly in the study of classical carpets. Thompson originally was best known for his extensive work in the study of Turkmen rugs but he has moved beyond that narrow niche over the years. The present state of the Oriental carpet field certainly bears the mark of his scholarship. Studied medicine at Cambridge and practiced medicine in London UK.

(To clarify errors in my work I must note that Dr. Thompson is not a dealer, never served as a Major in the British army and never participated in the occupation of Malta. My apologies to Dr. Thompson)

Mackie, Louise & Thompson, Jon. Turkmen. Washington DC: Textile Museum, 1980. 9 x 12, 95 CP, 117 b/w.

If you only had one book on Turkmen Rugs this should be it. This is one of the most referenced books on the Turkmen. The book has a chapter on the Imreli that Dr. Jon Thompson later took a step back from. He admitted that the attribution to the Imreli was not supportable with the evidence available. The interesting part is that while it s not provable that a particular group wove the pieces in question there is significant circumstantial evidence that Dr. Thompson was correct and that the Imreli are the most likely candidate for at least one of the so-called Eagle Group structural groups.

Some respected people still have a problem with the Salor chapter. However the Thompson position on a limited Salor group prevails at this point. While not perfect this book seems to best sum up the “conventional wisdom” about Turkmen rugs and as such is a must read for anyone who takes the study of Turkmen weaving at all seriously.

N.B. A special note that it is past due to write about. This is a major work and Dr. Jon Thompson did an incredible job. The secret of the book Turkmen is that Dr. Jon Thompson was a last minute addition. This was to be primarily Louise Mackie’s work. Two people who were on the Textile Museum Board of Directors at the time have told me that Mackie was stuck in the chapter “Turkmen Carpet Weaving in Historical Perspective”. She was also expected to write the major section “Turkmen Carpet Weaving” which includes the cataloguing of the show and as such makes up most of the book. The board grew more and more concerned as the deadline approached. Finally with no sign of any major progress they decided they had to find someone who could rescue the book. They turned to Dr. Thompson. He took a last minute project and made it into one of the most important Rug books of all time.

In the mad dash to finish this book Dr. Thompson waded into the Imreli question. Quite rightly Thompson began the process of delineating a previously unknown group of rugs. Thompson was correct in that there was a distinct and distinguishable group of rugs with two clusters which called Imreli and Fine Brown Yomut. Later others noticed structural peculiarities around which they concocted the Eagle Group Theory. At one point Dr. Jon Thompson said that his attribution to the Imreli was provocative. Well, in retrospect the Imreli attribution is provocative but that is not the same as saying it is wrong. There were Imreli and they did weave rugs. Maybe they wove these, after all someone had to have woven them.

Guest Reviewer – James Allen

Anyone interested in learning about Turkoman weaving should start with Turkmen by Mackie and Thompson, some of the theories are outdated but it is the best picture book available.

Notes on Joseph V, McMullan

One of the most important and influential collectors and authors of the twentieth century.

Founder of the The Near Eastern Art Research Center

Trustee of the Textile Museum

Brooke Pickering – Rug Brat

McMullan, Joseph V. and Reichert, Donald O. The George Walter Vincent and Belle Townsley Smith Collection of Islamic Rugs

McMullan, Joseph V. Islamic Carpets. Washington DC: Near Eastern Art Research Center, 1965,

McMullan, Joseph V.et al. Islamic Carpets From The Joseph V. McMullan Collection

Pickering, W. Russell. “don’t forget to smell the flowers along the way”. Washington DC. Near Eastern Art Research Center, 1977.

McMullan Mughal Prayer Rug

Close friend of Amos Bateman Thacher

Stuyvesant High School Class of 1915.

(l. to r. Joseph V, McMullan (kilt), W. Russell Pickering, H. McCoy Jones, Ralph Yohe.)

McMullan, Joseph V. and Reichert, Donald O. The George Walter Vincent and Belle Townsley Smith Collection of Islamic Rugs. Springfield Mass: George Walter Vincent Smith Art Museum, 1965.

An interesting Museum collection that could stand a little updating and more color plates. A present from my brother Jim.

McMullan, Joseph V. Islamic Carpets. New York: Near Eastern Art Research Center, 1965.

This is one of the all time greatest rug books. The importance of McMullan’s work. vision and collection can not be understated. Joe McMullan was a great collector but I wish he had paid a little attention to structure. The collection is wonderful and the plates are a joy to behold.

McMullan, Joseph V. et al. Islamic Carpets From The Joseph V. McMullan Collection. London, England: Arts Council of Great Britain, 1972.

David Sylvester wrote the section “Western attitudes to Eastern Carpets”. May H. Beattie wrote the section “On The Making of Carpets”. Excellent plates of a World Famous collection. This is often called Joe McMullan’s little book. That is only valid in comparison to his big book.

Notes on Julia Bailey

I have to be very careful about what I say about Julia. She is very modest and she actually rewrote my listing of her at one point to tone it down. But after the way Stuart Cary Welch* praised her as an important Islamic scholar I think it only proper to agree with Cary. Julia is someone to watch.

*Cary Welch and I have corresponded and he frequently show a fatherly care for the best of his former students.

Julia Bailey is assistant curator at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, where she works as an Islamicist in the Department of Asiatic Art and is responsible for Asian textiles in the Department of Textiles and Costumes. Her specialties are oriental carpets and Persian painting.

She was formerly in the Department of Islamic and Later Indian Art at Harvard’s Sackler Museum at Harvard, where she mounted frequent carpet exhibitions. She has participated in the International Conference of Persian Carpets in Tehran three times in the 1990s, is a contributing editor of HALI, and is on the steering committee of the New England Rug Society.

Bailey, J. & Hopkins, M. Through The Collectors Eye: Oriental Rugs From New England Private Collections. 1991,

Julia Bailey

“Ladik Prayer Rugs” HALI 28, p. 18-25.

“A Traveler’s Look At Iran Today” Santa Monica: ACOR 3, 1996.

Flowers Underfoot: Metropolitan’s Mughal Exhibition

Ames Carpet Technical Details

Bailey, Julia, Contributing Editor, Hali The International Magazine of Antique Carpet and Textile Art.

MFA – Exhibition – Poetry of the Loom: Persian Textiles

Art History at UMass Amherst: Graduate Newsletter

MFA – Exhibition – Felicities of Line: Persian and Turkish Drawings

MFA – Exhibition – Ambassadors from the East: Oriental

Harvard University Art Museums – Press releases, 1999

Notes on Kathryn Babayan

Assistant Professor of Iranian history and culture University of Michigan.

Babayan Kathryn,

“Darvish Reza,” Encyclopaedia Iranica.

“Martin B. Dickson,” Encyclopaedia Iranica.

“Eshik Aqasi Bashi,” Encyclopaedia Iranica.

“Emad al-Din Muhammad Tahir Vahid Qazvini,” Encyclopaedia Iranica.

“Eunuchs under the Safavi,” Encyclopaedia Iranica.

“Evoghlu,” Encyclopaedia Iranica.

“Ghulam,”Encyclopaedia Iranica.

“The Safavi Synthesis: From Qizilbash Islam to Imamite Shi’ism,” Iranian Studies, Volume 27 (1994), a volume on pre-modern Iran, Said Amir Arjomand (ed.).

“Sufis, Darvishes, and Mullas: The Controversy Over Spiritual and Temporal Dominion in 17th centruy Safavi Iran,” Safavid Persia, Charles Melville (ed.), I.B. Tauris, 1996.

“The ‘Aqâîd al-Nisâ’: A Glimpse at Safavi Women in Local Isfahani Culture” Women in the Medieval Islamic World, Gavin Hambly (ed.), St. Martin’s Press, 1998.

Book review of Jamal Elias’s The Throne Carrier of God: The Life and Thought of ‘Ala’ ad-dawla as-Simnânî, Journal of American Oriental Society (Forthcoming 1998).

Messiahs, Mystics and Monarchs: The Spiritual Landscape of the Qizilbash in Early Modern Iran, forthcoming book.

“From Tabriz to Isfahan: The Reconfiguration of the Safavi Household,” Third Safavid Round Table, University of Edinburgh, August 19-22.

“The Waning of the Qizilbash and the Emergence of Ghulams (slaves) at the Safavi Court,” presenter and chair of panel entitled “New Elites of Isfahan: Patronage, Esthetics and Power in Safavid Iran,” Second Biennial Conference on Iranian Studies (SIS/AIIS), Washington DC, May 22-24.

“Shah Tahmasp’s Memoirs as Personal and Imperial History, conference on “Safavid Iran and Her Neighbors,” University of Utah, May 8-9.

“From Intuition to Reason: The Hardening of Gender Lines in Early Modern Iran,” an interdisciplinary conference on “The Rhetorics and Ritual of (Un)Veiling in Early Modern Europe,” University of Michigan, October 1997.

“The Persianate Flavor of Qizilbash Islam: Sufism and ‘Alid Ghuluww,” an international conference on late classical Sufism entitled “Persianate Sufism in the Safavid & Mughal Period,” School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, May 1997.

The ‘Aqaîd al-Nisâ or Kulsûm Naneh: A Seventeenth Century Clerics’ Representation of Female Culture in Isfahan,” symposium on “The Marketplace of Identities: Cross-Cultural Themes in 17th Century Isfahan,” sponsored by the Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities of the J. Paul Getty Museum, and Gustav E. von Grunebaum Center for Near Eastern Studies, UCLA, January 1996.

“The Turco-Mongol Ingredients of the Safavi Synthesis,” Middle East Association of North America, 28th Annual Conference, Phoenix, Arizona, Fall 1994.

“The Shari’a-minded Response to Safavi Eclecticism,” Center for Middle Eastern Studies, Harvard University, Spring 1994.

“The Spiritual and the Temporal in Safavi Iran,” Department of Near Eastern Studies, University of Michigan.

“The Radds Against Sufis: A Symptom of the Waning of the Qizilbash,” University of Cambridge, Pembroke College, September 1993.

“Qizilbash Islam,” University of Pennsylvania, conference on Cultural Production and Cultural History in the Middle East and South Asia 1500-1900, May 1993.

“Abu Muslim: Victim to the Waning of the Qizilbash,” Middle East Association of North America, 25th Annual Conference, Washington, D.C., Nov. 1991.

Elected Member on the Council of the Society for Iranian Studies 1996-99

Member of the American Historical Association

Member of the Middle East Studies Association

Notes on Kerman Village & Tribal Rugs and Carpets

In the Kerman area are a number of tribes including Afshar, Luri, and even some Baluch.

Kerman Village & Tribal

Rippon Boswell Afshar vase-design Rug 1st half 19th lot 83

Kerman Afshar Rug second half 19th

Complete Kerman Afshar flatwoven namakdan (saltbag)2nd half 19th

Antique Kirman Afshar Bag 4th quarter 19th

Kerman Afshar Rug C. 1880

Late 19th C Afshar Flatwoven Half Khorjin

Kerman Afshar flatwoven half khorjin Late 19th

The Bowen Tulip Afshar Late 19th C.

A Late 19th C. Afshar Rug on www.Herat.Com

Kerman Afshar flatwoven namakdan Late 19th C.

Kerman Afshar Rug late 19th

Sotheby’s Afshar Vase Carpet late 19th C. lot 189

Kerman Afshar Rug Circa 1900

Kerman or Sirjand? Afshar Rug C. 1900

Rippon Boswell Kirman Afshar Horse Cover C. 1900

Kerman Afshar saddle cover C. 1900

Kerman Luri Sumac Bag early 20th C.

Kerman Afshar Rug C. 1930

Kerman Afshar ‘Ali Shah’ Rug C. 1930

Kerman area flatweaves

Complete Kerman Afshar flatwoven namakdan (saltbag)2nd half 19th

Antique Kirman Afshar Bag 4th quarter 19th

Late 19th C Afshar Flatwoven Half Khorjin

Kerman Afshar flatwoven half khorjin Late 19th

Kerman Afshar flatwoven namakdan Late 19th C.

Rippon Boswell Kirman Afshar Horse Cover C. 1900

Kerman Luri Sumac Bag early 20th C.

Turkish Knot, Pulled Left, Depressed Warps

Structure: Depressed symmetrical knot pulled to the left

Notes on Khorasan

Khorasan is the Northeastern province of Iran. Mashad is the capitol. It has been a center of rug weaving since pre-historic times. Over the course of the last two thousand years Khorasan is sometimes part of Persia and sometimes part of Central Asia. It has been the cultural heart and political capitol at times and at other times a somewhat minor part of Persia.

Khorasan Carpet Fragment, sd93n156

Classical East Persian Carpet, sd91n56

Carpet — Khorasani Style

The Williams Medallion and Animal Carpet Fragment

Tabas Carpet

Province of Khorasan Carpet Sellers’ Market.

Re: Kashmar Carpet Emogli

In the 1930s Emogli was Mashad’s most famous workshop. Reza Shah appointed Emogli as a royal workshop. One of the Emogli carpets is on display at the United Nations lobby, as a gift from Iran.

William Doyle Galleries on December 1, 1999, “The sale ended with an assortment of 24 rugs and carpets that included a 19é1 inches x 11é10 inches signed Emogli Mashad carpet from east Persia, early 20th century. Its plum field had an allover pattern of polychrome floral vinery within a midnight blue palmette border, and it sold for $14,950 (est. $12,000/18,000).” George Washington Memorial Items Top Sellers; Maine Antique Digest, February 2000

Notes on Kilim: The Complete Guide

This is a copy of a book review that I did for Rug News. I am not aware of what editorial changes were made by my editor when they published it.

I need one book that provides a comprehensive sampling of all Kilims and related flatweaves. Down deep I am a barbarian so I don’t have the sensibilities to confine my interest in Kilims to Turkish Kilims. In any given week I deal in flatweaves from the High Atlas to the Hindu Kush so that means many of the classic books are of little use to me. There is one simple easy to use book that is invaluable to my work:

Kilim: The Complete Guide : History Pattern Technique Identification

by Alastair Hull, Jose Luczyc-Wyhowska (Contributor), Nicholas Barnard (Illustrator)

Hardcover – 352 pages (October 1993)

Chronicle Books; ISBN: 0811803597 ; Dimensions (in inches): 1.38 x 12.95 x 9.89

One thing I really like about this book is the way it is laid out. When I am looking to identify a rug I will often scan through the pictures looking for similar rugs. If I can find something that looks like what I have then I check the descriptions. “Kilim: The Complete Guide” has very useful little boxes that contain pertinent structural descriptions. You simply cannot count on a visual comparison of design. However “Kilim: The Complete Guide” allows you you match design with structural clues. This becomes a very easy way to identify a piece. Recently I received a bale of various flatweaves. The mafrashes (box bags) were easy to identify as North\west Persian Shahsavan but the 6 by 10 Kilims were more of a problem. Two of them were a type generally called Kuba Kilims but frankly if they were Kubas they were not top quality Kuba Kilims. Using “Kilim: The Complete Guide” I was able to identify them as Persian Ardabil Kilims. This sort of distinction is where the potential for profit is. A top quality Ardabil kilim is worth more in the market place than a lower quality Kuba. Of course a top quality Kuba is worth more than a top quality than Ardabil but by propperly identifying the piece we can maximize profit.

I am sure many of you do not need a book to know the distinctions between a Kuba and an Ardabil.kilim but what about the truly obscure flatwoven textiles. War is bad for (most) humans but great for rug pickers. Every bout of war seems to unearth new and different rugs. When the Taliban took, the Northern Capital in Afghanistan, Mazar Sheriff the carpet dealers cleaned out their warehouses ahead of the murdering hordes. As a result I came across a large cache of older Afghan Kilims that no one seemed to be able to identify. With dust flying we flipped mountains of dirty old kelims looking for ones that combined age, color, rarity, and condition. I bought dozens of the best I could find. The price I paid was strictly for the value in the rug. I often speak of the value in the rug but let us review the concept. One of the pieces was 7 by 14. The size gives it a certain value, someone needs a 7 by 14. That it is a sturdy utilitarian kilim has a value. The colors and patterns give it a certain value. All those factors dictate the value in the rug. But this value is offset by the fact they are Afghan Kilims of unknown provenance. By using “Kilim: The Complete Guide” I was able to combine a comparison of pattern with structural detail and establish an attribution of what I believe the Kilims to be. Once I had a good estimate of what the rugs were then it was much easier to identify other sources that allow me to be more certain in my attributions. Without “Kilim: The Complete Guide” I would have had a great difficulty in identifying the rugs but by using it I was able to identify a previously undocumented type of rug.

So by research based on “Kilim: The Complete Guide” I was able to attribute rugs in my buy to the Uzbek, Hazara, and the Kutchi. So what? What possible difference does an esoteric discussion of attributing Kilims to obscure weaving groups have to do with the day to day cares of a rug dealer? One word, MONEY. I bought those rugs for almost nothing. By judiciously doling them out to my customers’ interest and prices are building. By knowing that some of the Kilims are attributable to the Hazara I have been able to educate buyers to the fine points of this obscure weaving group. Now I see “collectors” biding against each other for the better pieces. I make money, they get rare and irreplaceable treasures combined with a greater appreciation of a small embattled culture high in the Hindu Kush.

Trust me “Kilim: The Complete Guide” works just as well or better for mainstream Kilims as well. If you want to have one general reference book on Kilims there is no better book than “Kilim: The Complete Guide”. It certainly belongs on every rug dealer’s indispensable book shelf.

Notes on Kim Esber

Kim was the first person to post on the RugNotes board.

Trusted Resource List – Rug & Carpet Dealers In The U.S.

www.KimEsberRugs.com

From the Oriental Rug discussion list:

There may be some wiser than I but here is our solution.  Usually that is caused by uneven tension in the weft.  This also causes edge curl and occurs in finely woven rugs and most often, from our experience, in rugs from Iran.

We block the rug.  Turn it upside down, nail one corner to the floor.  And then begin stretching the rug and nailing it until the puckers are stretched out.  We have a grid system drawn on our floor so we can try to get it square.  Then we apply several coats of a thin (watery) horse glue that is water soluble.  We allow it to dry and re-apply if needed.  When dry, we remove the nails and it will usually lye flat (hopefully).  Please note that the glue will wash out if the rug is cleaned and blocking will need to be done again.

I learned this from my father, W.E. Esber, who passed away last year at 95 years.  He had an accident on the way home from work.  Yes, you heard me correctly.  He worked every day from 10 -5 .  his philosophy was that he worked as a rug man from 10 -5 so he could be whatever he wanted from  5 till 10.  He also practiced piano three hours a night.  He began our business in 1933 and worked every business day until he died.  He had a lot of tricks for fixing rugs,  Some good and some not so good.  For instance he was a great patcher of rugs.  I know that is not the best way to fix a rug but we are in the sticks of PA and people here cannot afford re-weaving.  He was obsessed.  He would find old scraps of rugs and cut and sew for weeks to make the patch look good.  Then he would charge $100.00 for all of that work.  The funny thing was that he was worth millions from real estate deals.  he drove a Geo.  His clothes were old and stained.  He rarely cut his full head of white hair.  He gave generously to the Penn State School of music and gave them a full concert grand Bosendorfer.  He funded two scholarships.  He never ate out.  He had a stick of butter every day.  He hated garlic.  He came to this country from Syria when he was a teenager and won a full academic scholarship to Harvard.  He dealt with the old timers in New York and outlived most of them.

Nobody in Hali ever knew who he was.  He didn’t once attend the Atlanta market.  He could lay stair runners like nobody else.  As a matter of fact he did a huge job the week he died.  He could buy (wholesale) like you wouldn’t believe.  If you bought a rug from him and didn’t like it a year later, he would give you your money back.  He loved to plant trees.

So, I never questioned his method of blocking rugs.

I hope this helps,

Kim Esber

Esber Gift Will Improve Recital Hall
E. Esber, a resident of State College and owner of W. E. Esber Persian Rugs, has committed $190,000 toward the furnishings, maintenance, and renovation of the School of Music Recital Hall in Music Building I, making his total gift to the School of Music $370,000. In recognition of the donor’s generosity, Penn State’s Board of Trustees has agreed to rename the hall “The George Esber Music Recital Hall,” memorializing Mr. Esber’s brother.

A portion of the gift includes funds for the purchase of a new nine-foot Bšsendorfer concert grand piano. Mr. Esber has previously established an endowment for three music scholarships.

It was his long-standing appreciation for the School of Music’s free concerts that inspired him to do more. “This wonderful music deserved a proper place with the proper equipment. When you’re listening to music, you must be in the right setting,” he says. “The room should be quiet and comfortable; the acoustics must be good. These fine Penn State musicians need the equipment to match their level of talent.” Penn State College of Arts and Architecture | Supporting the Arts and Academics

School of Music mourns death of W.E. Esber

Wihbe “Webb” Elias Esber died Friday, June 28, 2002, at Centre Community Hospital in State College. He was 94.

Esber’s long-standing appreciation for the School of Music and its free concerts inspired him to financially support the school’s programs. Beginning his support more than 20 years ago, Esber provided funds for the acquisition of several Bösendorfer grand pianos—considered one of the leading keyboard instruments in the world. Esber later endowed a scholarship fund that helps three undergraduate music students studying piano or violin each year and an endowment for maintenance and restoration of the music recital hall, which was named the Esber Recital Hall in his honor.

As owner of W.E. Esber Persian Rugs in State College, Esber was a leading expert on and dealer of imported rugs on the East Coast for 69 years. He was the nation’s oldest active imported rug dealer. Esber once said he was a rug dealer from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. so that from 5 p.m. to 9 p.m. he could be anything he wanted.

Esber was born on July 17, 1907, to Elias Esber and Janna Georges in Arne, Syria. His family moved to Canton, Ohio, in 1920. He was Canton High School’s first graduate to be accepted at Harvard University without examination. He studied philosophy and graduated in 1933. Esber moved to State College in 1967.

Esber’s son, G. Kim Esber (’79 B.S. L.Arch.), and grandson, Cheston “Chet” Esber (’90 B.S. Finance, ’94 M.S. Education), now operate W.E. Esber Rugs. He is also survived by a daughter, Dr. Elizabeth “Betse” Esber (’72 B.A. Speech), of State College; another son, Dr. W. Jon Esber (’67 B.S. Pre-Med.), of Dallas; and three sisters, Janna Georges and Laurice Neam, both of Arlington, Va., and Audrey Herberghs of Canton, Ohio.

Memorial contributions can be made to the Esber Scholarship Funds, Development Office, College of Arts and Architecture, Old Credit Union Building, University Park, PA 16802.

Notes on Kurdish Bijars

Garrus or Kurdish Bijars

When we talk about Garrus Bijars or Kurdish Bijars we are actully using different words for the same thing. Garrusi is a dialect of Kordi (Kurdish) so one who speaks the Garrusi dialect as their “Milk Language” is a Garrus Kurd. The other name for Garrus is Bijari so a Kurd from Bijar is a Garrus Kurd. Keep in mind that the Kurds who weave Bijar rugs speak Bijari (Garrusi) so it is perfectly reasonable that Bijar rugs are woven in the Bijar area rather than the town of Bijar itself.

In the rug trade we use Garrus to describe simpler less sophisticated rugs from the weavers in the Bijar area. This is a distinction between commercial contract work and also from the Bijar type rugs woven by the Afshar (see map) in the Bijar area.

The Bijar Weave

Pattern is almost useless in attributing Bijars. A Bijar is a rug that uses the Bijar weave. The heavy rigid wefts divide the warps and the warps are on two plains. When this is hammered down as in Bijar rugs are the pile comes straight out of the pile at a 90 degree angle

From the town of Bijar east to the Iraqi border is heavily Kurdish. This is a traditional Sennah pattern woven in a Bijar weave. I would certainly consider this a Kurdish Bijar.

Ethnolinguistic map of Northwest Iran.

Here is a detail of a CIA ethnolinguistic map that I modified. The area Bijar is in is ethnically Kurdish. However it is near an Afshar area where many of the Bijar rugs are woven. I realize this map is difficult to read but the green area on the upper left side of the Afshar is Luri. I am going to have to start looking for Luri Bijars. The darker purple area is Azari Turk and I do not believe that they weave any Bijar type rugs.

Notes on Kurt Erdmann

Pope, Arthur Upham. Ed. Kurt Erdmann Contributor. Survey of Persian Art:From Pre-Historic Times to the Present. Costa Mesa, CA : Mazda Publishers, 1973.

Erdmann, K. Oriental Carpets. 1962, Universe Books, 2nd American edition,

Erdmann, Kurt, Oriental Carpets, The Crosby Press, Fishguard, Wales, 1976

Erdmann, Kurt. Translated by Robert Pinner: The History of the Early Turkish Carpet ; London: 1977.

Erdmann, Kurt, Seven Hundred Years of Oriental Carpets, Faber and Faber Ltd.,

Erdmann, Kurt. Seven Hundred Years of Oriental Carpets, ed. Hanna Erdmann. trans. M. H. Beatty and H. Herzog. Berkeley and Los Angeles, Univ. of California, 1970

Erdmann, Kurt. “Kairener Teppiche, Teil II: Mamluken- und Osmanenteppiche” in Ars Islamica. Vol. 7. 1940. 53-81.

Erdmann, Kurt. “Kairener Teppiche, Teil 1: Europäische und Islamische Quellen des 15.-18. Jahrhunderts” in Ars Islamica. Vol. 5. 1938. 179-206.

Erdmann, Kurt. “Kairener Teppiche, Teil II: Mamluken- und Osmanenteppiche” in Ars Islamica. Vol. 7. 1940. 53-81.

Erdmann, Kurt. “Neuere Untersuchungen zur Frage der Kairener Teppiche” in Ars Orientalis. Vol. 4. 1961. 65-105.

Erdmann, Kurt. “Review of A Handbook of Mohammedan Art, by M. S. Dimand” in Der Islam. Vol. 30. 1952. 127-128.

Erdmann, Kurt. “Review of Ambrosian Fragments of an Illuminated Manuscript Containing the Zoology of al-Gahiz, by Oscar Löfgren” in Der Islam. Vol. 29. 1950. 84-85.

Erdmann, Kurt. Der orientalische Knüpfteppich: Versuch einer Darstellung seiner Geschichte. Tübingen: Ernst Wasmuth, 1955.

Erdmann, Kurt Some Observations on the So-Called Damascus Rugs, Art in America, vol. 19, op. 3-22. 1931

Kairener Teppiche, Teil I: Europäische und Islamische Quellen des 15-18 Jahrhunderts, Ars Islamica, vol. 5, pp. 179-206. 1938

Kairo als Teppichzentrum, Forschungen und Fortschritte vol. 14, pp.207-10. 1938

Kairener Teppiche, Teil II: Mamluken- und Osmanenteppiche, Ars Islamica, vol. 7, pp. 55-81.1940

Wietere Beiträge zur Frage der Kairener Teppiche, Berichte aus den ehem. Preussischen Kunstsammlungen, n.s. 9, pp. 12-22. 1959

Der Orientalische Knüpfteppich. Second edition. Wasmuth, Tübingen. 1960 Originally published 1955.

Meister, Peter & Erdmann, Kurt: Kaukasische Teppiche. Austellung. Museum für Kunsthandwerk, Frankfurt 1962.

Neuere Untersuchungen zur Frage der Kairener Teppiche, Ars Orientalis, vol. 4, pp.65-105. 1961

Notes on Kurt Munkacsi

Prominent New York City Turkmen Collector.

Kurt is a genuinely nice person. I have always appreciated the kindness that he has shown me. I have not seen his collection but I am told by experts he has some real treasures in his very large collection.

Member Hajji Baba Club.

Early 18th century Salor Juval

“Chodor Or Pseudo-Chodor?” Santa Monica: ACOR 3, 1996.

“Turkmen “101”” Denver: ACOR4 Focus Session, 1998.

“Turkmen “102”” Denver: ACOR4 Focus Session, 1998.

“Dividing the Chodor” Hali 77 October 1994.

King Kong, Godzilla, Kurt Munkacsi and Philip Glass

Philip Glass : Glassmasters

Kurt Munkacsi

PETER GORDON & LOVE OF LIFE ORCHESTRA

“President of Euphorbia Productions, the studio’s parent company, Kurt has been on the leading edge of music for the past twenty seven years. His long time association with the world famous composer Philip Glass is well known. Mr. Munkacsi has produced all of Glass’ commercial recordings. He also designed the sophisticated sound systems used for such Glass theatrical works as Einstein On the Beach, Koyaanisqatsi, La Belle et La Bete and most recently Monsters of Grace. Euphorbia Productions is involved in all aspects of contemporary music. They have produced soundtracks for such noted directors as Martin Scorsese, Peter Wier, Errol Morris, Paul Scrader and Godfrey Reggio, started a record label Point Music in a joint venture with Polygram International. In 1998 the musical score he produced for Scorsese’s Kundun received Academy Award and Golden Globe nominations for “Best Original Score” and won the LA Film Critics award for “Best Music/Score.” In 1999 the score he produced for “The Truman Show”, directed by Peter Wier and starring Jim Carry won the Golden Globe for best original soundtrack.

Notes on Lavar Kerman Rugs and Carpets

A Kirman style rug made in Raver. Raver or Laver Kerman became known for the best Kerman carpets. Raver was a town 120 miles from Kerman where American companies owned a large number of looms. Through the 20th century the Atiyehs were a major producer of Kerman carpets. It only stopped when due to the Islamic revolution and ensuing difficulties they shifted production to China.

I am pleased to mention that through the efforts of Vice President Seyed Hossein Mar’ashi and Dr. Khosrow Sobhe of the Iranian Carpet Exporters Association working with Tom Atiyeh of Portland Oregon, Atiyeh International, LTD. has returned to Kerman.

Jacoby mentioned a propensity to use Purple and Nile Green. Jacoby, Heinrich. How To Know Oriental Rugs and Carpets

Examples of Lavar Kirman Rugs and carpets

Cypress Kerman Ravar Rug ca. 1850 Rippon Boswell

Lavar Kerman C. 1880 Sotheby’s lot 135

Lavar Kerman Carpet c. 1890 Sotheby’s lot 266

A late 19th century Lavar Kerman Carpet, Sa98n297

Laver Kerman Carpet End 19th Van-Ham lot 591

A Lavar Kerman carpet circa 1900

Kerman-Ravar. Um 1900 Van-Ham

Ravar Kerman prayer mat C. 1900-10, W&W lot 162

Ravar Kerman prayer mat C. 1900-20, W&W lot 161

Lavar Kerman leaders of the World carpet Early 20th c. Sotheby’s lot 350

A Lavar Kerman carpet, first quarter 20th c lot 145

Lavar Kerman Carpet c. 1890 Doris Leslie Blau Sotheby’s lot 19

Notes on Layla Diba

Layla Diba, adjunct professor of the Bard Graduate Center for Studies in the Decorative Arts, Design and Culture

Formerly Associate curator, Islamic art, Asian Art Department, The Brooklyn Museum B.A.

Phi Beta Kappa, Wellesley College

M.A., Ph.D., Institute of Fine Arts, New York University. 1994

Visiting Faculty at the Bard School.

Diba, Layla (ED.) Royal Persian Paintings The Qajar Epoch 1785 – 1925. Co-ed. Maryam Ekhtiar. 1998. essays by B.W. Robinson. London : I.B. Tauris ; Brooklyn, NY : In association with Brooklyn Museum of Art : 1998

Diba, Layla Clothing. In the Safavid and Qajar Periods, Encyclopedia Iranica, ed. Ehsan Yarshater, v.5, pp.785-808. Mazda Publishers, Costa Mesa CA. 1992

Bier, C. Diba, Layla (contributor) Woven from the Soul, Spun from the Heart, Textile Arts of Safavid and Qajar Iran. Washington: Textile Museum 1987

Woven from the Soul, Spun from the Heart: Textile Arts of Safavid and Qajar Iran, l6th-l9th Centuries Edited by Carol Bier. Washington, D.C.: The Textile Museum, 1987. xvi, 336 p.A Review by Michael Craig Hillmann

Royal Persian Paintings: The Qajar Epoch, 1785-1925

by Layla S. Diba (Editor), Maryam Ekhtiar (Editor), B. W. Robinson (Editor),

Hardcover: 144 pages ; Dimensions (in inches): 1.18 x 12.12 x 10.21

Publisher: I.B. Tauris ; (December 1998)

ISBN: 1860642551

Layla Diba, adjunct professor of the Bard Graduate Center for Studies in the Decorative Arts, Design and Culture, Tamar Lordkipanidze, Cultural Programs Coordinator at the OSGF, and Sharon Miles, spouse of the U.S. Ambassador in Georgia at the June 6th reception hosted by the U.S. Embassy Deputy Chief of Mission, Ms. Patricia Moller

Notes on Lemyel Amirian

Amirian, Lemyel. “History and Legend.” The Armenian Review, Vol. XXXV, No. 4-140 (1982), pp. 390-398.

Amirian, Lemyel. “On the Origin of the Dragon and Phoenix Rug in Berlin.” Hali, Vol. 4, No. 1 (1981), p. 31.

Amirian, Lemyel. “The Village of Khondzoresk.” Oriental Rug Review, Vol. 4, No. 2 (1984), pp. 56-57.

Amirian, Lemyel, translation of “Vordan Karmir or Armenian Cochineal,” by Vitali Babenko, VIII/3/40-42

“Vordan Karmir: The Red Worm,” translated by Amirian, L., VIII/5/42

Amirian, Lemyel, “To the Editor,” Ararat (Autumn 1972), p. 33.

Amirian, Lemyel, “The Wound Again: Dichotomy as the Key to the Armenian Character,” Ararat (Summer 1974), pp. 40-43.

Queene Takoohy Amirian

Textiles

Captions

Arts of Armenia Preface

Lemyel Amirian translated the Armenian inscriptions on the rugs in the Merchants Weavers and Kings exhibition.

The Pride of Armenians, Lemyel Amirian and Barry Gifford Ararat: A Quarterly, Volume XXV, No. 1, Winter 1984.

Notes on Leonard M. Helfgott

Helfgott, L.M. Ties That Bind. A Social History of the Iranian Carpet. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington and London.

Helfgott, Leonard M., Ph.D., University of Maryland — modern Middle East and modern Europe.

Graduate Faculty Western Washington University.

Helfgott, Leonard M. “Structural Foundations of the National Minority Problem in Revolutionary Iran” Moddle East Studies, XIII (1-4), pp. 195-213

Leonard, Helfgott. 1990. Carpet Collecting in Iran, 1873-1883: Robert Murdoch Smith and the Formation of the Modern Persian Carpet Industry. In Muqarnas VII: An Annual on Islamic Art and Architecture. Oleg Grabar (ed.). Leiden: E.J. Brill. Muqarnas Volume VII: An Annual on Islamic Art and Architecture

Helfgott, Leonard M. Ties That Bind. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1994.

A very good book to help you understand the rug business in history as opposed to the rugs. Helfgott did a good bit of research that helps us to sort fact from rug myth. Lib.

Notes on Lisa Beth Golombek

Education:

B.A. Barnard College

Ph.D. University of Michigan 1968

Golombek, Curator of Islamic Art, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Canada.

Professor West Asian Section, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, ON

Golombek, Lisa. “The Function of Decoration in Islamic Architecture” in Theories and Principles of Design in the Architecture of Islamic Societies. Seven, Margaret Bentley (edited by). Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 6-8 November 1987. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture, 1988. 35-45 (Chap. 4).

Tamerlane’s Tableware: Chinoiserie Ceramics of Fifteenth-Sixteenth Century Iran and Central Asia, Costa Mesa, CA: Royal Ontario Museum and Mazda Press, 1996. (With Robert Mason and Gauvin Bailey)

Adamova, A. “Repetition of Compositions in Manuscripts: The Khamsa of Nizami in Leningrad.” In Timurid Art and Culture: Iran and Central Asia in the Fifteenth Century, ed. Lisa Golombek and Maria Subtelny. Supplements to Muqarnas. Leiden, 1992. Pp. 67-75.

Golombek, L. / Mason, R. / Bailèy, G.Economics of the Ceramic Industry in Timurid/Turkman Iran (1995) Fragner, Bert G. e.a. (ed.) PSECIS. Proceedings of the Second European Conference of Iranian Studies held in Bamberg, 30th September to 4th October 1991, by the Societas Iranologica Europaea (Sammelband) Roma 1995

Golombek, Lisa. The Draped Universe of Islam, Content and Context of Visual Arts in Islam. Priscilla P. Soucek, ed. Pp. 25-49. University Park, Pennsylvania. 1988

Golombek, Lisa and Veronika Gervers Tiraz Fabrics in the Royal Ontario Museum, Studies in Textile History in Memory of Harold B. Burnham, V. Gervers, ed. Toronto. Pp. 82-125. 1977

Lisa Golombek, 1969,The Timurid Shrine at Gazur Gah, Toronto.

Project on the History of the Urban Development of Isfahan (with Renata Holod) supported by Canada Council and partly by the Middle East Center of the University of Pennsylvania

The Timurid Architecture of Iran and Turan, Lisa Golombek and Donald Wilber as main authors, contributions by L. Bretanitski, R. Holod, R. Hillenbrand, A. Hutt, B. O’Kane, et al. Princeton Press, 1988.

Renata Holodwith L. Golombek, “The Isfahan City Project: A Preliminary Report,” Archaeologische Mitteilungen Aus Iran, VI, 1978, pp. 578-590.

Notes on Lori Gabbeh Persian Rugs

Gabbeh are coarse long pile rugs. They are often used as sleeping rugs. Since the rugs were made for their own use rather than as commercial weaving the designs are less influenced by commercial factors.

Some Gabbehs are made with undyed wool. As we see in Lori gabbeh, Fars, Nat. Color C. 1920 to the right browns and tans tend to be the typical color in these very untypical rugs.

Much like a Kazak Rug there can be a number of rows of wefts between each row of knots. See how we see a great deal of white in the brown area in the Lori gabbeh, Fars, C. 1920-40 to the left. It is most notable in the brown area since the brown dyes tend to make the wool brittle and subject to wear. The long pile wears away showing the broad areas of weft underneath.

A good Lori gabbeh, Fars, C. 1900

Lori gabbeh, Fars, Nat. Color C. 1920

Lori Gabbeh Rug Fars, C. 1920-40

Lori Gabbeh Rug 3rd quarter 19th c. Galerie M. Tehrani

Lori Gabbeh Rug c. 1850-1899 Herat LTD

Lori Long Gabbeh Rug 3rd quarter 19th c. Galerie M. Tehrani

Lori Gabbeh Rug Late 19th c Rippon Boswell Lot 90

A number of similarities stand out in looking at these rugs. The reciprocal saw-tooth border is one that Charlie Ellis called a rats tooth border. We see it in five of these six gabbehs. we also see the stripped border in three of the six gabbehs.

A good Lori gabbeh, Fars, C. 1900

Lori gabbeh, Fars, Nat. Color C. 1920

Lori gabbeh, Fars, C. 1920-40

Galerie M. Tehrani 3rd quarter 19th c. Lori Gabbeh

Galerie M. Tehrani 3rd quarter 19th c. Lori Long Gabbeh

Lori Gabbeh c. 1850-1899 Herat LTD

Notes on Louise W. Mackie

Louise W. Mackie is the Curator of Textiles and Islamic Art at The Cleveland Museum of Art. Mackie is (past) president of the Textile Society of America. Mackie was formerly a curator in the Textile Department of the Royal Ontario Museum.

Louise Mackie was a curator in the Textile Department of the Royal Ontario Museum.

Louise W. Mackie has been named the Curator of Textiles and Islamic Art at The Cleveland Museum of Art. Mackie is (past) president of the Textile Society of America. http://www.newartexaminer.org/octnewsbriefs.html

“George Hewitt Myers: Carpet Collector and Founder of The Textile Museum”. Washington DC: ICOC 1980.

Mackie, Louise W. and Dr. Jon Thompson: Turkman Tribal Carpets and Traditions. Washington: The Textile Museum.1980.

Mackie, Louise: The Splendor of Turkish Weaving. Washington: The Textile Museum. 1974.

Mackie, Louise W. “Toward an Understanding of Mamluk Silks: National and International Considerations” In Muqarnas II: An Annual on Islamic Art and Architecture. Oleg Grabar (ed.). New Haven: Yale University Press. 1984 Vol. 2. 1984. 127-146.

Mackie, Louise W. “Woven Status: Mamluk Silks and Carpets” in The Muslim World. Vol. 73. 1983. 253-261.

Louise W. Mackie, “A Piece of the Puzzle”, Hali 47 (October 1989), pp.16-23

Mackie, Louise W. “New on Old, Handmade Textiles in Fez,” Hali 66 (1992): 88-93.

Mackie, Louise W. “Pattern Books for Drawloom Weaving in Fes, Morocco,” Bulletin du CIETA 70 (1992): 169-176.

Mackie, Louise W. “The Threads of Time in Fez, Morocco,” Rotunda, 24:3 (1991): 18-23.

Mackie, Louise W., Frieda Sorber, Lotus Stack, and Susan S. Davis. “Textiles in the Everyday Life of Artisans, Merchants, and Consumers of Fez, Morocco,” Textiles in Daily Life, Proceedings of the Third Biennial Symposium of the Textile Society of America (1992): 9-49.

Threads of Time: Handmade Textiles for Weddings in Fez, Morocco

Mackie, Louise W. 1983 Woven Status: Mamluk Silks and Carpets, The Muslim World, vol. 73, no. 3/4, pp. 253-62.

Luxurious Silks of the Ottoman Sultans

In this lecture, Louise W. Mackie, Curator of Textiles and Islamic Art at the Cleveland Museum of Art, will discuss how imperial silk kaftans were worn by sultans as symbols of the wealth and power of the Empire. She will also examine how they were designed and manufactured, and how special imported silk was used in these exquisite creations.

Notes on Loy Wesley Henderson

Diplomat in the Middle East in the 40s and 50s. Henderson was a colleague and frind of Don Wilber.

Career in the US Department of State, 1922-60. Among many assignments served as Director, Near Eastern and African Affairs, 1946-48; Ambassador to India, 1948-51; and Ambassador to Iran, 1951-55. Truman Library – Loy W. Henderson Oral History Interview

Henderson, Loy Wesley (1892-1986) — also known as Loy W. Henderson — of Colorado. Born in Rogers, Benton County, Ark., June 28, 1892. Foreign Service officer; U.S. Minister to Iraq, 1943-45; U.S. Ambassador to India, 1948-51; U.S. Minister to Nepal, 1948-51; U.S. Ambassador to Iran, 1951-54. Died in 1986. Burial location unknown. The Political Graveyard: Index to Politicians: Henderson

Notes on Lucy Der Manuelian

Name:                 Lucy Der Manuelian

Title:                     Arthur H. Dadian and Ara Oztemel Professor of Armenian Art and Archutectural History Adjunct

Departmental Affiliation:                             Art & Art History Department

Degrees:                             Ph.D. Boston University, M.A. Boston University, B.A. Radcliffe College, Fellow, Radcliffe College Bunting Institute

Expertise:                           Medieval Art, Armor and Architecture

Other websites:                              http://ase.tufts.edu/art/facultybios.html#anchor1357364

Scholarship & Research:                               “Armenian Architecture,” V.L. Parsegian, Project Director; K. Maksoudian, Ed.; L. Der Manuelian, Texts for Volume I, II, III. Coauthor, Volume IV, Zug, 1981-1987.

  1. Der Manuelian and M. Eiland, “Weavers, Merchants and Kings: The Inscribed Rugs of Armenia,” Kimbell Art Museum Exhibition, October-December, 1984, Fort Worth, 1984.

“The Gregorian Collection – Armenian Rugs.” University of Michigan Exhibition, Rackman Galleries, February 4-18, Ann Arbor, 1983.

“Dictionary of the Middle Ages,” New York, 1982-1989. Major articles on Armenian art and architecture. Der Manuelian,Lucy (Art & Art History Department)

Dr. Der Manuelian has been a member of the Tufts faculty since 1984 when she was appointed to the Lectureship in Armenian Art and Architecture. In 1989 she was appointed to the Dadian/Oztemel Professorship, the first endowed professorship in the field ever established at a University. Dr. Der Manuelian received her B.A. degree from Radcliffe College and the Ph.D. degree in Art History from Boston University in 1980. She is the author of three volumes on Armenian architecture, as well as of numerous other publications. She has written and narrated three television documentaries on Armenian art, has appeared on several radio and television news programs, including the McNeil-Lehrer News Hour and has given over 500 public talks on the subject of Armenian Art and Architecture. She is listed in several Who’s Who catalogues, including the Who’s Who of Women and the Who’s Who of American Women. Austin – Lucy Der Manuelian

Radcliffe Quarterly: Tracking the Lost Treasures of Armenia

Der Manuelian, L. and M. Eiland: Weavers, Merchants and Kings, Inscribed Rugs from Armenia ; Ft. Worth: 1984.

Der Manuelian, Lucy, Armenian Rugs, University of Michigan, 1983.

The following is excerpted from the “Chronicle of Higher Education” February 16, 1996, where it is published under the title “Crusader for a Nearly Lost Culture.” The author is Christopher Shea; the article includes a photograph.

As an art historian who has studied ruins in remote areas of Armenia for 25 years, Lucy Der Manuelian is used to apartments that lack heat, runarounds by state officials, and lots of nighmarish driving.

She is expecially fond of anecdotes in the last category. In 1988, the Tufts University scholar traveled by jeep to a monastery three hours south of Yerevan, Armenia’s capital. She wanted to see whether what remained of the structure, perched atop a mountain, matched the thirteenth-century descriptions of an academy for Armenian scholars…”Whenever there was a rise in front of us, the driver would gun the accelorator, but you didn’t know if there’d be a turn to the left, or the right, or if there’d be a road at all.” …

It’s not suprising that Ms. Der Manuelian is an engaging storyteller, because she is not merely a respected scholar of Armenian sculptures, manuscripts, and architecture. She is also a proselytizer for all of Armenian culture. The first American to receive a doctorate in Armenian art hsitory, in 1980, she has become a public intellectual with a tiny niche, lecturing to college audiences and Armenian groups in this country and abroad…

In retrospect, Ms. Der Manuelian’s career seems to have been foreordained. Her grandfather disappeared during the genocide. Her mother fled Armenia during the massacres. Ms. Der Manuelian’s godfather, an Armenian artist whom her father met in New York…painted delicate watercolors of the architectural monuments of Armenia, which were exhibited in London and Paris…After graduating from Radcliffe College in 1950, however, Ms. Der Manuelian opted for a life as a housewife, raising two boys. She audited courses at Harvard and then, when her marriage broke up, enrolled in Boston University’s graduate program.

Oleg Grabar, her thesis advisor, says, “She has a gutsiness that is quite admirable.”

Both she and Mr. Grabar knew Armenian art history was a field that many universities would consider too narrow to support by themselves. the two of them concocted the idea of a chair in Armenian art history, financed by outside contributors, that would rotate among several institutions in the Boston area.

She taught for several years at Harvard, Boston, and Northeastern Universities and other local institutions, until two donors made possible the creation of a permanent chair at Tufts, in 1989. Now she teaches two courses a year on Armenian art and history, which attract a dozen or so students each, plus broader courses on art and politics in the Middle Ages.

Ms. Der Manuelian’s latest project is a documentary about the architecture and history of Armenia.

Notes on Ludwig H. Adamec

Adamec, Ludwig H., Historical Gazetteer of Iran, 4 volumes, Graz, 1976-89

Adamec, Ludwig Warran (1967), Professor, Near Eastern Studies; University of Arizona Tucson.

BA, 1960, MA, 1961, Ph.D., 1966, University Of California At Los Angeles;

Adamec, Ludwig W. Dictionary of Afghan wars, revolutions, and insurgencies. Lanham, Md. : Scarecrow Press.

Afghanistan’s Foreign Affairs to the Mid-Twentieth Century: Relations With the USSR, Germany, and Britain. Ludwig W. Adamec. 1974, 1994.

Adamec, Ludwig W. (ED.) Historical Gazetteer of Afghanistan. Farah and Southwestern Afghanistan. Graz Austria, 1973. xv, 387 p., plus 79 cartographic plates, fold. genealogical tables, gloss., index.

Notes on Marianna Shreve Simpson

Shreve Simpson is one of the outstanding experts in the field of Islamic art in the world today.

Curator of Islamic art and director of curatorial affairs, The Walters Art Gallery, Baltimore

I have it on very good authority that Shreve was an outstanding babysitter in her younger years.

University of Pennsylvania class of 1971.

Farhad, Massumeh, and Marianna Shreve Simpson, “Sources for the Study of Safavid Painting and Patronage, or Mifiez-vous de Qazi Ahmad.” Muqarnas 10 (1993): 286-91.

EBRAÚHÈM MÈRZAÚ

Blair,Sheila S. Islamic Inscriptions. New York: New York University Press, 1998. 224 pp.; 89 ills. Review by Marianna Shreve Simpson,

Simpson, Marianna Shreve, and Farhad, Massumeh. Sultan Ibrahim Mirza’s Haft Awrang, A Princely Manuscript from Sixteenth-Century Iran.

Simpson, Marianna Shreve. Persian Poetry, Painting & Patronage: Illustrations in a Sixteenth-Century Masterpiece. new Haven: Yale Univ. Press;1998

Simpson, Marianna Shreve, Arab and Persian Painting in the Fogg Art Museum, (Cambridge: 1980).

Pictorial Narrative in Antiquity and the Middle Ages. Studies in the History of Art, vol. 16, ed. Herbert L. Kessler and Marianna Shreve Simpson. National Gallery of Art, Washington, 1985.

Nov. 12 1998 Marianna Shreve Simpson, Curator of Islamic Art, Walters Art Gallery: “Persian manuscripts and the Meaning of Masterpiece.” 153 Campbell Hall at 5:30 p.m. University of Virginia.

Blair,Sheila S. Islamic Inscriptions. New York: New York University Press, 1998. 224 pp.; 89 ills. Review by Marianna Shreve Simpson, (Walters Art Gallery)

1998 Albert Hourani Book Award (MESA) Honorable Mention: Marianna Shreve Simpson Walters Art Gallery, Baltimore, MD Sultan Ibrahim Mirza’s Haft awrang: A Princely Manuscript from Sixteenth Century Iran Yale University Press.

“The Age of Mohammadi” Abolala Soudavar, Houston, Texas. Discussant: Dr. Marianna Shreve Simpson Walters Art Gallery, Baltimore. Harvard Conferences 1999 The Making and Reception of Painting in the Pre-Modern Islamic World A two-day symposium sponsored by the Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture, Harvard University May 21 and 22, 1999 The American Academy of Arts and Sciences 136 Irving Street, Cambridge, MA

Notes on Marie Lukens Swietochowski

Dr. M. L. Swietochowski, Associate Curator of Islamic Art, Metropolitan Museum of Art

Encyclopedia Iranica – Drawing

Swietochowski, Marie Lukens and Babaie, Sussan. Persian Drawing, New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1989.

Swietochowski, Marie Lukens & Stefano Carboni, with essays by A. Morton & Tomoko Masuya, Poetry and Epic Images: Persian Painting of the 1330s and 1340s

Artists of Isfahan in the 17th Century

Marie Lukens Swietochowski Curator Metropolitan Museum of Art 5th Ave. & 82 Street New York, Ny USA Islamic art. Persian miniature painting of the 14th -19th centuries. Turkish painting, 15th-19th centuries. Mughal Indian painting, 16th-19th centuries. Marie Lukens Swietochowski (Metropolitan Museum of Art)

Notes on Mark Hopkins

Mark Hopkins is a well-known member of the American community of rug enthusiasts. He is president of the New England Rug Society, and has written articles for HALI and Oriental Rug Review as well as co-authoring (with Julia Bailey) the 1991 exhibition catalog Through The Collector’s Eye — Oriental Rugs From New England Private Collections. He has been a speaker at ACOR 1, ACOR 3, ACOR 4, and the Textile Museum, and has delivered his popular Good Rug? Great Rug? presentation on carpet-weaving esthetics to many rug societies in the U.S. and Canada. Mark was an organizer of the past three ACOR conferences, and currently serves on the ACOR Board of Directors. He is an active collector specializing in Baluch and Anatolian tribal weavings. He is recently retired from the advertising business, where he served for many years as a freelance creative writer.

Bailey, J. & Hopkins, M. Through The Collectors Eye: Oriental Rugs from New England Private Collections. Providence: Museum of Art Rhode Island School of Design, 1991

A very good look at a broad range of rugs and carpets by Mark Hopkins and Julia Bailey. Draws heavily on the Rudnick, Paquin, and Varteresian, collections. Very good structural analyses included. My copy was autographed by Mark Hopkins, Rug Convention 1995.

5 Star Guide To Oriental Rug Books

Rug Societies

Rug Societies

Good Rug? Great Rug?” Santa Monica: ACOR 3, 1996.

“Memorable Rugs” Santa Monica: ACOR 3, 1996.

“Good Rug? Great Rug?” Denver: ACOR4 Focus Session, 1998.

5 Star Review Diehr, F.M. ed. Treasured Baluch Pieces

Member ACOR Board of Directors

Member ACOR 3 Planning Committee

Good Rug? Great Rug? ACOR 3, Sunday, January 28 9:00 to 10:00 a.m. Carousel A & B “Employing a new and different presentation format than invites audience participation, Mark Hopkins will use slides to display many pairs of rugs for comparative evaluation and comment by a panel of experts. The emphasis will be entirely on aesthetics, addressing those prickly questions “How good is it?” and “What makes it so good?” Oriental Rug Review ACOR 3 Preview

How Good is my Rug Collecting, by Mark Hopkins, Will grieving survivors find your collection wanting? Oriental Rug Review Vol. IX, No. 3, February/March, 1989

Diamonds in the Pile, Jaf Kurd Bagfaces,, by Mark Hopkins Oriental Rug Review

South Persian Masterworks, Part Il, exhibition review by Mark Hopkins Oriental Rug Review Vol. 11, No. 1, October/November, 1990, VI I.C.O.C. Focus

The Week the Baluchs Came to Manhattan, by Mark Hopkins. Oriental Rug Review Vol. 11, No. 2, December/January, 1991

A Rug Collection in New England, interviews by Mark Hopkins. Oriental Rug Review Vol. 12, No. 3, February/March, 1992

Reviews of focus sessions and events by Emily Sanford, David Levine, Mark Hopkins, Ann Nicholas. Oriental Rug Review Vol. 14, No. 4, April/May. 1994

Lead Article: The Painted Carpet, by Mark Hopkins. Oriental Rug Review Vol. 15, No. 1, October/November 1994

Through the Collector’s Eye: Oriental Rugs from New England Private Collections, Bailey, Julia and Hopkins, Mark, reviewed by O’Bannon, George W., Oriental Rug Review XII/3/44-45

Hopkins, Mark, “Rug Collecting in New England”, Oriental Rug Review XII/3/22-27

Weft-Substitution Borders – End Finishes Project

A.T. Gregorian Oriental Rugs – Book

Hali, 93, July 1997. Mark Hopkins, Baluch prayer rugs, p78-83, with 11 C ill;

Notes on Marla Mallett

Mallet Mallett of Atlanta Georgia is a truly delightful person. As a weaver and rug and textile dealer she has studied weaving in a way very few ever could. There is a small group of people who I turn to when I need help with a problem. Marla is one of these people, her carefully formulated advice is something I treasure. For instance when I working on understanding early Mughal carpets (The Incidence Of High Ply Counts In Early Cotton Warps) Marla’s advice was crucial in understanding what it was about high ply count warps that made them desirable in Mughal carpets. I mention this to point out that there are so few people in the world who would either understand or care that it makes Marla a very special person to me.

Mallett, Marla. Woven Structures: A Guide to Oriental Rug and Textile Analysis. Atlanta: Christopher Publications and Marla Mallett Textiles, 1998.

Buy this book! Best book on structure. If you enjoy my Rug Notes site then you will love her book.

Woven Structures Web Site marlam@mindspring.com

This book gives a sensible logical approach to describing the structures seen in Oriental Rugs and related textiles. When I want to describe a selvage or a tapestry weave I turn to Mallett. Not to use Mallett is to leave your work open to future misunderstandings and mis-interpretation.

A top expert on rug and textile structure and author of a book on technical analysis. Her no nonsense approach to structure and design evolution has at times engaged he in controversy. Marla was one of the main debunkers of the “mother goddess in Anatolia” controversy. Mallet is a weaver and runs a gallery in Atlanta Ga.

List of Honest Rug & Carpet Dealers In The U.S.

The Best Rug & Carpet Dealers On The Internet

Marla Mallett

“The Interrelationship of Structure and Design” Santa Monica: ACOR 3, 1996.

Discussion – The Recent Debate on Turkotek- 03/12/2000

http://www.marlamallett.com.

Discussion – Mallett on Turkotek – Unfortunate attitude? – 04/11/2000

Mallet, Marla. Woven Structures

AN UPDATED VIEW OF THE ÇATAL HÜYÜK CONTROVERSY

THE ORIGINS OF THE KILIM

Marla Mallett, “A Weavers View of the Çatal Hüyük Controversy, Oriental Rug Review X/6: 32-43

Letters – Marla answers Dr. Gerhard Foitl on his comments on “Tracking the Archetype” (ORR Vol. 14, No. 2)

Fairy Tale An Untrue Story, Fairy Photographs, Piltdown Man, and Faked Vermeer Paintings, The Debunking of Three Hoaxes, by James Opie

The Classification of Anatolian Brocades, VI I.C.O.C. Paper by Marla Mallett, A previously unpublished and important paper, Vol. 12/1

Shahsavan or Kurd, Could Mallett be Wrong?

Mallett responds, Could I be Wrong?

Notes on Mary Jo Otsea

Mary Jo Otsea has been a major help to us ever since this was a part of Oriental Rug Review. She is accessible, she will answer questions and she never seems overly impressed with her own importance which frankly is very rare. I also appreciate the way she has helped the people I have sent to her. Sometimes she will help by handling a sale for them and other times by referring then to another venue when Sotheby’s is not the perfect solution for their problem. It was fun to see a Oriental Carpet that someone written to me about end up selling at Sotheby’s for a considerable sum of money.

Senior Vice President Sotheby’s.

Rugs and Carpets

New York

“Mary Jo Otsea, who joined the firm in 1983, is a Senior Vice President and director of the Oriental and European Carpets Department in New York. In this capacity she is responsible for three major rug sales a year, as well as carpets offered in Furniture sales and Sotheby’s on-line auctions. As an auctioneer, she presides over fine carpet and furniture auctions.

During her tenure in the department, she has been involved in several important sales, including a Louis XIV Savonnerie carpet which sold for $1,210,000 on May 21, 1992, as well as the sale of Carpets from the J. Paul Getty Museum, featuring a silk and metallic thread “Polonaise” rug which fetched $440,000 on December 8, 1990. More recently, a Mughal Millefleurs Prayer Rug, circa 1700 was sold for $805,000 on April 12, 1996. This is one of the highest prices at auction for an Oriental carpet. Most recently, a late 16th century Isphahan carpet, formerly in the Rothschild Collection, brought $418,250 on September 20th 2001.

Ms. Otsea holds a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of Oregon. She spent a year studying in France and is fluent in French. Originally from Los Angeles, she grew up in Geneva, Switzerland, and attended the International School there. She has published an article on Caucasian rugs in Sotheby’s International Price Guide and she has contributed to Hali, the international journal of carpets and textiles. She is on the judging panel for the International Carpet and Textile fair held in London each year.” www.Sothebys.com Profile

Antiques Roadshow/Appraisers: MARY JO OTSEA

Sotheby’s none. Specialist Mary Jo Otsea of Sotheby’s says the only way war rugs will make it to auction is if they start fetching higher prices. Sotheby’s won’t auction any rug worth less than $2,000.

Notes on Massumeh Farhad

Massumeh Farhad is a capable woman with knowledge of art and the ability to translate Persian. I had the chance to hear from one of her teachers (Cary Welch) and he showed me a very different view of her then I had before. Next to Wheeler Thackston at Harvard she is one of the most important translators of Classical Persian in the US today. Her contribution to Sultan Ibrahim Mirza’s Haft Awrang, A Princely Manuscript from Sixteenth-Century Iran help to make it one of the great books on Islamic Art.

Farhad, Massumeh, and Marianna Shreve Simpson, “Sources for the Study of Safavid Painting and Patronage, or Mifiez-vous de Qazi Ahmad.” Muqarnas 10 (1993): 286-91.

Farhad, Massumeh. “An Artist’s Impression: Mu’in Musawir’s Tiger Attacking a Youth.” Muqarnas 9 (1992): 116-23.

Farhad, Massumeh. “The Art of Mu’in Musawir: A Mirror of His Times.” In Persian Masters: Five Centuries of painting, ed. Sheila R. Canby. Bombay, 1990. Pp. 113-28.

Marianna Shreve Simpson, and Farhad, Massumeh. Sultan Ibrahim Mirza’s Haft Awrang, A Princely Manuscript from Sixteenth-Century Iran. Washington DC: Freer Gallery of Art. 1997.

Asian Traditions in Clay: The Hauge Gifts, exhibition…

Encyclopaedia Iranica – Gala 2001

Slaves of the Shah: New Elites of Safavid Iran. Joint monograph with Sussan Babaie Ina Baghdiantz-McCabe and Massumeh Farhad, forthcoming, I.B. Tauris, 2002.

Rings of Passion | TRIUMPH — Sultan-Muhammad’s “The Ascent …

BBC News | MIDDLE EAST | Persia’s crowning glory

Harvard University Art Museums – Press releases, 1999

Farhad had the privilage and gained the advantage of studying under Stuart Cary Welch at Harvard.

FARHAD, Massumeh

TUESDAY, MARCH 2, 2004

Massumeh Farhad Assumes New Role at the Freer and Sackler Galleries

Freer Gallery of Art

Massumeh Farhad

WASHINGTON, DC, (amnnews.com) — Massumeh Farhad, currently Associate Curator of Islamic Art at the Smithsonian’s Freer and Sackler Galleries, has been appointed to a dual position there as Chief Curator and Curator of Islamic Art.

“It is with considerable pleasure that I announce this appointment,” says Freer and Sackler director Julian Raby. “Massumeh is known to her colleagues as a dedicated, tireless and creative advocate, not only in her area of expertise, but in relation to a wide range of museum issues. Her dedication to this institution is manifest in myriad ways and I am delighted that she has agreed to apply her considerable talents to the role of Chief Curator.”

Massumeh Farhad was educated at Wellesley College, and Harvard University from which she received a Ph.D. in Islamic Art History. She was artistic director of the Zamana Gallery, London and a Research Assistant/Associate at the Center for Advanced Study in the Visual Arts, at the National Gallery of Art in Washington D.C. before taking a post as Research and Coordinating Curator at the Smithsonian’s Arthur M. Sackler Gallery and the National Museum of African Art. She has been Associate Curator of Islamic Art at the Freer and Sackler galleries since 1995 and served as Coordinating Curator for the departments of Islamic Art, and South Asian Art and Ancient Near Eastern Art from 2000 to 2002.

Farhad has curated and co-curated innumerable exhibitions at the Freer and Sackler galleries and at the Arthur M. Sackler Museum at Harvard and has contributed extensively to the scholarly literature on the subject of Islamic art. A frequent lecturer, Farhad is fluent in German, French, and Persian, and is on the editorial boards of Ars Orientalis and Muqarnas. She has served as President of the Historians of Islamic Art and is an Institutional Trustee for the American Institute for Iranian Studies.

The Freer Gallery of Art opened in 1923 as the first fine arts museum of the Smithsonian Institution. Founded by collector Charles Freer, its collection of Asian art is considered among the finest in the world. It also houses the world’s most comprehensive collection of works by American artist James McNeill Whistler. The Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, founded in 1987 with a collection of masterpieces of Asian art given by Arthur M. Sackler, explores Asia’s distinctive traditions with a varied program of exhibitions, public programs and performing arts. Together the two museums form the national museum of Asian art. The Freer and Sackler are in adjacent buildings, and are administered by a single staff.


Notes on Maurice Sven Dimand Ph. D.v

The late Maurice Dimand was curator of Near Eastern Art at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Dilley, Arthur Urbane. Revised by Dimand, M. S. Ph. D. Oriental Rugs and Carpets

Dimand, M. S. Ph. D. A Handbook of Muhammadan Art

Dimand, Maurice S. and Jean Mailey. Oriental Rugs in the Metropolitan Museum of Art New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1973.

Dimand, Maurice S. Persian Miniature Paintings N.Y.

Dimand, Maurice S. The Ballard Collection of Oriental Rugs in the City Art Museum of St. Louis; St. Louis: 1935.

Dimand, Maurice S. The Kévorkian Foundation, Collection of Rare and Magnificent Oriental Carpets Special Loan Exhibit

Dimand, Maurice S. Loan Exhibition of Persian Rugs of the So-Called Polish Type ; NY: 1930.

Dimand, Maurice S. The Ballard Collection of Oriental Rugs, Ballard, 1935

Dimand, Maurice S. Al-Funun Al-Islamiyya Transl. by AHMAD Muhammad Issa. Cairo, n.d.

Dimand, Maurice S. Persian Miniatures Milan, n.d. (ca. 1965).

DECORATION or Iranica: Decoration

artnet.com: Resource Library: Dimand, Maurice S.

Notes on May H. Beattie

Dr. Beattie of Sheffield, England, was one of the world’s top rug scholars until her death in 1997. Beattie was an expert in classical carpets and frequently worked with Charles Grant Ellis.

Graduated from the University of British Columbia studied bacteriology.

Doctorate at Edinburgh,

Staff of Edinburgh University until 1937.

Baghdad 1937 – 1946

Research Associate – Carpets, Textile Museum, Washington, D.C.

The world’s most exclusive Rug Club.

The three members of the “International Society of Dating Carpet Beatles”. Ellis to the left in the center May H. Beattie of Sheffield (UK) and Friedrick Spuhler, Berlin. This picture was taken April 1964 at the Glasgow Art Gallery & Museum in Glasgow Scotland. Ellis and Beattie were unusual in that they were never dealers. Their work lives on as the foundation of so much of today’s scholarship.

Beattie, M. H. The Rug in Islamic Art. 1984,

Beattie, M. H. The Thyssen-Bornemisza Collection of Oriental Rugs. 1972

Carpets of Central Persia1976.

Some Weft-Float Brocaded Rugs of the Bergama-Ezine Region, Textile Museum Journal, vol. 3, no. 2, 1971, pp. 20-27.

“Transylvanian Carpets: Problems of Attribution”. Washington DC: ICOC 1980.

“Hereke and Its Carpets”. Washington DC: ICOC 1980.

Beattie, May The Rug in Islamic Art: Temple Newsam House exhibition from April 16 to May 28, 1964 Leeds 1964.

Beattie, May 1974 Review of Oriental Rugs in the Metropolitan Museum of Art by M.S. Dimand and Jean Mailey. Oriental Art, vol. 20, no. 4, Winter, pp. 449-52

Beattie, May H. 1976 Carpets of Central Persia with Special Reference to Rugs of Kirman, World of Islam Festival, London.

1972 On the Making of Carpets, Islamic Carpets from the Collection of Joseph V. McMullen, Arts Council of Great Britain, London.

Beattie, May H. (ed.) 1978 Carpets of Central Persia with Special Reference to Rugs of Kirman: Proceedings of the Colloquium, Sheffield City Art Galleries, Sheffield.

Beattie, M., Housego, J., Martin, A. 1977 Vase Technique Carpets and Kirman, Oriental Art, XXIII/4, pp. 455-471.

Notes on Memling Gul Rugs

There is no Memling tribe. Hans Memling (1430?-94) was a German born artist who became one of the Flemish masters. A master portrait artist Memling used a projector system to paint very realistic paintings. Hans Memling died in Brugge on Aug. 11, 1494 but we in the rug world remember him by a design that carries his name.

While most people associate the Memling Gul with Caucasian rugs it is used by all the major Turkmen tribes including the Salor, Saryk, Tekke, Ersari, Kizil Ajak, Yomut, Arabachi, and others.

The Moghan Controversy

There is a group of rugs that we call Moghan which are noted for their narrow format with Memling Guls. Moghan is a somewhat controversial label. The late Ulrich Schurmann delineated the group in his classic Caucasian Rugs pages 42 – 43. The Moghan steppe is a place and these rugs are attributed to that area. Ian Bennett follows the same line in Oriental Rugs Volume 1 Caucasian. Compare these rugs to plate 204 in that book. Wright and Wertime muddle the picture in Caucasian Carpets and Covers.page 89 where they say they know the Moghan rugs to not come from one part of the Moghan Steppe but that they do not know if it comes from the other. Then Murray Eiland Jr. suggests that Moghan is just a new name for rugs that used to be called Shirvan or Karadagh. He suggests that Moghan takes in a number of structures and is not a cohesive attribution. Oriental Rugs A Complete Guide page 277.

Notes on Metropolitan Museum of Art

The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City is a great museum and I picked out a few highlights that I found of interest.

The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1000 Fifth Avenue at 82nd Street, New York, New York 10028-0198. General Information: 212-535-7710

Hours

Friday 9:30 a.m.–9:00 p.m.

Saturday 9:30 a.m.–9:00 p.m.

Sunday 9:30 a.m.–5:30 p.m.

Monday Closed

Tuesday 9:30 a.m.–5:30 p.m.

Wednesday 9:30 a.m.–5:30 p.m.

Thursday 9:30 a.m.–5:30 p.m.

Closed Mondays, January 1, Thanksgiving Day, December 25

The continued support of the City of New York enables the Museum to keep the vast majority of its galleries open at all times. Regrettably, however, on Sunday certain galleries open at 11:00 a.m. Additional closings may also occur occasionally during day and evening Museum hours. The Metropolitan Museum of Art – Visitor Information

The Metropolitan Museum of Art New York

The legendary Nobuku Kajitani is Textile Conservator

Metropolitan Museum of Art. Egyptian Art. 1983/84, MMA Bulletin,

Part of a Qur’an mansucript, Non-illustrated manuscript, 9th century; `Abbasid

Leaf from a Qur’an manuscript, detached folio from a non-illustrated manuscript, 13th-14th century

Colophon page from a Qur’an manuscript, Non-illustrated detached folio, 707 A.H. / A.D. 1308; Ilkhanid

Tughra, Single work, 16th century; Ottoman

Rosette (Shamsa) bearing the name and titles of the Emperor Shah Jahan, Illuminated page or Shamsa (recto) /calligraphy (verso), 17th century; Mughal

The Elephant Clock: Leaf from the Book of the Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices by al-Jazari, Detached folio from an illustrated manuscript, 715 A.H. / A.D. 1315; Mamluk

The Funeral of Isfandiyar, Page from a manuscript of the Shahnama (Book of Kings), ca. 1330-1335; Ilkhanid

Haft Paiykar (Seven Portraits) of the Khamsa (Quintet) of Nizami, Illustrated Detached Folios, ca. 1430; Timurid

Mantiq al-tayr (The Language of the Birds), Illustrated Manuscript, ca. 1600; Safavid by Habib Allah

The Feast of Sada: Leaf from the Shahnama of Shah Tahmasp, Illustrated Manuscript, ca. 1520-1522; Safavid by Sultan Muhammad

A Stallion, Single work, Late 16th century; Safavid Iranian; Attributed to Iran by Habib Allah

Two Lovers, Single Work, 1630; Safavid Iranian, by Reza `Abbasi

Leaf from a Harivamsa manuscript, The Legend of Hari (Krishna), Illustrated Detached Folio, ca. 1590-95; Mughal

The House of Bijapur, Single work, ca. 1680; Deccani

Dagger hilt, Cross-guard of a dagger, ca. 1450; Timurid Iranian; Attributed to Samarqand, Uzbekistan

Jali screen, one of a pair, 2nd half 16th century; Mughal Attributed to India; Found at/reportedly from Fatehpur Sikri, India

Velvet fragment, 16th century; Safavid

Silk and metal thread Textile fragment, 2nd half 16th century; Ottoman Turkish; Attributed to Bursa or Istanbul, Turkey

Simonetti carpet, ca. 1500; Mamluk Attributed to Egypt

14th century Animal carpet, Attributed to Turkey

Prayer carpet, Late 16th century; Ottoman

Kashan carpet, 2nd half 16th century; Safavid

Fragments of a carpet, ca. 1650; Mughal

Chinagate: Original New York Times story in final edited version that did not run


Notes on Michael C. Hillman

Hillman is Professor of Persian at The Department of Middle Eastern Languages and Cultures, University of Texas

Hillman, Michael C. Persian Carpets. Austin: 1984.

“A Cultural- Aesthetic Analysis of a Modern Persian Carpet,” Hillman, Michael Craig, IX/6/28-31

Carolina Seminar on Comparative Islamic Studies: 1996,”Teaching Persian in American Universities”

Women’s Autobiographies in Contemporary Iran Harvard Univ Press, by Afsaneh Najmabadi (Editor), Michael Hillman, Farzaneh Milani (1991)

Seh’tar, a translation of a Persian short story. In Iranian Society: An Anthology of Writings by Jalal Al-e Ahmad. Ed. Michael Hillman. Lexington, Kentucky: Mazda Publishers, 1982: 58-62.

Persian Fiction Reader and the Persian Fiction Reader Workbook (both co-authored by Michael Hillman)

Hillman, Michael C. Iranian Culture: A Persianist View. Lanham, Maryland: University Press of America, 1990.

Hillman, Michael C., Essays on Nationalism and Asian Literatures.

Hillman, Michael C., A Lonely Woman: Fough Farrokhzhâd and Her Poetry.

Hafiz, H. Wilberforce Clarke, H. Wilberforce-Clarke (Translator). The Divan-I-Hafiz (Classics of Persian Literature, 3) Bethesda: Ibex Pub, 1997 new introduction by Michael C. Hillmann

Michael C. Hillmann, AM’69, PhD’74, a professor of Persian studies at the University of Texas, was the only Persianist from North America to participate in the first international congress of Persianist scholars at Tehran University in January 1996. He has written a textbook, Persian Fiction Reader (Dunwoody Press) and its companion, Persian Fiction Reader Workbook. He also has lectured on contemporary Persian fiction at the U of C’s Center for Middle Eastern Studies. Class News\ University of Chicago Magazine

Hillmann, Michael. From Durham to Tehran: Persianist Impressions. Ibex Pub; 1991

Editorial Reviews

Book Description

From Durham to Tehran presents a Persian literature specialist’s impressions and reflections on his field of study and profession, based on two research trips, one to Durham, England in 1986 and the other to Tehran, Iran in 1989.

With a format of travel diary entries, the book intends to suggest issues which American students of non-Western literary cultures face in their professional lives. It highlights ambiguities which characterize the situations and experiences of American students of living non-Western literatures. Moreover, it suggests that involvement in an older non-Western literary culture impels theAmerican to reflection on his or her own roots and cultural history. It includes memories of many notable literary figures including Jalal Al-e Ahmad, Ali Shariati and Sadeq Chubak.

Baltimore-born author Michael Craig Hillmann first traveled to Iran as an American Peace Corps Volunteer in 1965, his assignment to teach English language and literature at the Faculty of Letters at Mashhad University. He met his wife Sorayya there. They married in 1967. He thereafter studied Persian, Arabic, and Islam at The University of Chicago and Tehran University. His daughter Elizabeth was born in Tehran in 1970. Since 1974 he has taught Persian literature and Iranian culture at The University of Texas at Austin. He writes on medieval Persian epic and lyric verse, twentieth-century Persian fiction and lyric poetry, Persian carpets, and Iranian painting.

Notes on Michael Craycraft

I remember when I met Michael. I was sitting in a conference and some guy directly behind me was rather loudly making it clear he was less than in awe of the speaker. The speaker kept talking about some guy named Craycraft and challenging his ideas from his Baluch book. During the break I met Michael and discovered that he was less than impressed because he was the guy being attacked. I have always wondered why that fellow would go on and on about Michael and not give him a chance to respond. Sure, I sometimes disagree with Michael Craycraft but I respect him and value his opinion. To dismiss Craycraft casually would be the act of a fool.

Craycraft has an incredible eye for collectable rugs. We may disagree on which clan of what sub-tribe wove a particular rug but I have never seen Michael offer an ugly rug.

Trusted Resource List – Rug & Carpet Dealers In The U.S.

“Mushwani Rugs”, Chicago: ACOR II, 1996

“Turkoman Roundtable”, Chicago: Panelist ACOR II, 1996

Craycraft, M. & Halley, A. Belouch Prayer Rug. 1983,

Craycraft, Michael: Belouch Prayer Rugs. Pt. Reyes St.: 1982.

Craycraft, Michael, 1991 Baluch Perspectives, Hali, issue 59, vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 112-117.

The Qarai Rugs of Turbat-i-Haidari, Oriental Rug Review, vol. 9, no. 2, December/January, pp. 50-56. 1989

“Bags, Bands, Blankets, and Kilims,” Baluch Exhibition, Hazara Gallery, Oakland, California, February 7-28, 1989 Review by Michael Craycraft

Craycraft, Michael 1991 Baluch Perspectives, Hali, issue 59, vol. 13, no. 5, pp. 112-117.

The Craycraft Camel Field Hamadan

The Craycraft Blue Field Hamadan

The Craycraft Opposing Phoenix Hamadan

Notes on Milo Cleveland Beach

Milo Beach is a heck of a nice fellow. One of his old teachers, Cary Welch, often mentioned Beach as one of his very best students. I have had the chance to meet Beach a few times while visiting the Freer and Sackler Galleries but that falls well short of friendship. Still he is a man that I greatly admire. If we make a list of Beach’s work it would fall far short of his accomplishments and his influence. He tends to be an accessible man without the haughtiness of some of his staff.

Beach, Milo Cleveland. “The Gulshan Album and Its European Sources.” Bulletin of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston 332 (1962): 63-91-

Beach, Milo Cleveland. The Grand Mogul. – Imperial Painting in India 1600-1660. Exhibition catalogue. Williamstown, MA, 1978

New York. Asia House Gallery. Text by Stuart Cary Welch and Milo Cleveland Beach, Gods, Thrones, and Peacocks Northern Indian Painting from Two Traditions: Fifteenth to Nineteenth Centuries The Asia Society 1965

Notes on Mr. Harold Bedoukian, CRA

Prominent Canadian Collector/dealer.

Former Officer Armenian Rug Society.

Ararat Rug Co.

Trusted Resource List – Rug & Carpet Dealers Outside The U.S.

Bedoukian, Harold. “Natural Dyes in Caucasian Rugs.” Oriental Rug Review, Vol. 11, No. 7 (Oct. 1982), pp. 25-26. Also in Rug News, Vol. 4, No. 8 (Oct. 1982), pp. 15-17 and The Armenian Review, Vol. XXXV, No. 4 4-140 (1982), pp.

Review by Janice Summers

From Oriental Rug Review, Vol. 14/5

From Oriental Rug Review, Vol. 14/5

398-404.

Bedoukian, Harold. “The Orphans of Agin Rug.” Oriental Rug Review, Vol. 1, No. 9 (Dec. 1981), p. 17. Also in Rug News, Vol. 3, No. 9 (Nov. 1981), pp. 17-18.

Woven Dreams: Oriental Carpets from the Collection of the Montreal Museum of Fine Art

Mr. Harold Bedoukian, CRA

Ararat Rug Company Voice: NA

3457 Park Avenue 514-288-1218

Montreal, QC H2X2H6 Fax:

Member ORRA Certified Appraisor

Graduate Sir George Williams University Class of 1961

Notes on Murray Eiland, III

Son of Murray Eiland Jr. and writer on rugs. Murray is an archeologist.

Eiland, Murray III. ” FORUM”. Hali 99, 1998. page 57. A cache of carpet fragments in a museum in Tbilisi leads Eiland, Murray III on a journey to a remote cave site in Georgia, and opens up the debate on early pile weaving traditions in the Transcaucasus

Eiland, Murray III. “FRAGMENTS”. Hali 97, 1998. page 65. “preserving Macclesfield’s Paradise Mill.”

Articles by Eiland, Murray L., III . Oriental Rug Review

Contemporary Rug Weaving in Eastern Turkestan, by Murray L. Eiland III (Vol. 15, No. 6, August/September, 1955)

The 4th International Conference on Persian Carpets: The Future of the Persian Carpet, review by Murray Lee Eiland III (#124, Vol. 16/1, October/November, 1995)

Persepolis, by Murray L. Eiland III, As part of the June 1992 Tehran Conference, delegates enjoyed a tour, Vol. 13/3

Dr. Murray Eiland received his BA degree in Ancient Near Eastern Archaeology and Art History and was initiated into PBK at UC Berkeley in 1990. He received his PhD in Oriental Archaeology from Oxford University in the United Kingdom. He is now pursuing an MS degree in Earth Sciences at UC Santa Cruz where he is working on applying modern methods of analysis such as infra-red spectroscopy to archaeological ceramics. His objective is to unite science with archaeology to facilitate the analysis and evaluation of ceramic samples. Phi Beta Kappa PBK Northern California Association Honor Society 1998 Scholarships

SELECTED TO RECEIVE 1999-2000 AFMS SCHOLARSHIP FOUNDATION GRANTS Murray Lee Eiland, a native of Vallejo, California, began his studies in Ancient Near Eastern Archaeology and Art History at the University of California, Berkeley, and received a degree from Oxford University, England, in Oriental Archaeology. Currently at the University of California, Santa Cruz, he is working on his M.S. in Earth Science. His thesis topic is the mineralogical analysis (using infrared spectroscopy) of archaeological ceramics. CFMS Newsletter – Vol. XXXVII, No. 3 – March 2000

FLAS Recipients for language study at the 1998 SWSEEL: Murray Eiland (UC Santa Clara), Georgian REEIfication pg.13

MIDDLE EAST POLICY, October 1998 (Vol. VI, No. 2) Murray Eiland III, “Mixed Messages and Carpet Diplomacy: Opportunities for Detente with Iran” 130-139

Murray Eiland, III, U. California, Santa Cruz, “Archaeology in the Georgian Republic,” 2 p.m., Franklin 209 (cosponsored by CMES and Arizona Oriental Rug and Textile Association) vol613 College of Social and Behavioral Sciences University of Arizona Tucson.

Fellowships, Awards, and Student Organizations IAUNRC FLAS Recipients, Summer 1999: Murray Eiland (Turkmen), Oxford University CENTRAL EURASIA REPORT

Murray Lee Eiland III Problems Associated with the Dissemination of Synthetic Dyes in the Oriental Carpet Industry. ICON: The Journal of the International Committee for the History of Technology Contents

Murray Lee Eiland III Salting Carpets New Scholarship. Ghereh Issues 20

Notes on Carpet Museums (With Oriental Carpets)

Azerbaijan

Baku Carpet Museum

 

Canada

Museum for Textiles (Toronto)

 

France

Musée du Tapis et des Arts Textiles (Clermont-Ferrand)

 

Germany

Berlin

Museum of Islamic Art – Museum für Islamische Kunst

Hanover

Oriental Carpet Museum

Munich

Bavarian National Museum/Bayerisches Nationalmuseum (Munich)

Residenzmuseum

Staatliches Museum fur Volkerkunde -State Museum of Ethnology

 

Iran

Mashad

Carpets Museum of the Holy Shrine of Emam Reza

Teheran

Carpet Museum of Iran

Rassam Arabzadeh Carpet Museum

 

Morocco

Museums of Morocco

 

Romania

The National Brukenthal Museum

National Museum of Art of Romania

 

Russia

Saint Petersburg

Russian Ethnography Museum

Turkey

Carpet and Kilim Museum (Istanbul)

Topkapi Palace Museum (Istanbul)

Turkmenistan

Carpet Museum (Ashgabat)

 

United Kingdom

Victoria & Albert Museum (London)

 

United States

Boston

Museum of Fine Arts, Boston

Denver

Denver Art Museum

New York

The Metropolitan Museum of Art

Philadelphia

Philadelphia Museum of Art

San Francisco

de Young Museum

Washington DC.

The Textile Museum

Notes on Norman Indicator

I heard of Norman Indicator long before I ever was interested in rugs. I was active in affairs that took me on occasion to Harrisburg and I became aware of the flag project. I am not sure why I was interested but for some reason his work on the Regimental flags stayed with me.

“Carbon 14 Dating” Denver: ACOR4 Focus Session, 1998.

Indictor, Norman, and Mary Ballard. “A survey of some recent literature and studies pertaining to the C-14 dating of textiles,” In Preprints, ICOM Committee for Conservation, 12th Triennial Meeting, Lyon, 29 August – 3 September 1999, vol. 2, 1999, pp. 631-636.

Rosenberg, A., Mary W. Ballard, A. Timar-Balazsy, and N. Indictor. “Appendix: Technical Notes,” In Indian Block Printed Cotton Fragments in the Kelsey Museum, The University of Michigan, by Ruth Barnes, pp. 91-97, Kelsey Museum Studies 8, Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1993.

Ballard, Mary W., R.J. Koestler, C. Blair, C. Santamaria, and N. Indictor. “Study of Some Historic Silk Flags from Harrisburg,” In Historic Paper and Textiles: Conservation and Characterization II, pp. 234-142, Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1989.

Ballard, Mary W., R.J. Koestler, and N. Indictor. “Recent Results Concerning the Degradation of Historic Silk Flags,” In Preprints, ICOM Committee for Conservation, 9th Triennial Meeting, Dresden, 26-31 August 1990, vol. 1, pp. 277-282, Los Angeles: ICOM Committee for Conservation, 1990.

Ballard, Mary W., R.J. Koestler, C. Blair, C. Santamaria, and N. Indictor. “Historic Silk Flags from Harrisburg,” Historic Paper and Textiles: Conservation and Characterization II, Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1989.

Ballard, Mary W., R.J. Koestler, C. Blair, and N. Indictor. “Historic Silk Flags Studied by Scanning Electron Microscopy – Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy,” In Eighth Symposium on Archaeological Chemistry, Chapter 24, Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1987.

Ballard, Mary W., R.J. Koestler, and N. Indictor. “Weighted Silks Observed Using Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry,” Scanning Electron Microscopy, vol. 2 (1986): 499-506.

Fungal deterioration of cellulosic textiles: A review / D. Montegut, N. Indictor, R.J. Koestler. In : Biodeterioration of cultural property. – London: Elsevier Applied Science, 1991. – p.209-226, 2 tab. R,f.p.220-226.

Application of analytical pyrolysis to problems in art and archaeology: a review / Alexander M. Shedrinskly, Thomas P. Wampler, Norman Indictor, …et al. . – Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers, 1989.

Examination of metal threads from some XV/XVI century Italian textiles by scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry / D. Montegut, C. Adelson, R.J. Koestler, N. Indictor. In : Materials Issues in Art and Archaeology III Vol.267. – ISBN 1-55899-162-X. – Pittsburgh: MRS, 1992. – p.309-317,

Linseed oil-metal acetylacetonate systems: V. thermogravimetry of iron-based pigments / N. Indictor, C.J. Shahani, M.J.D. Low. In: JCT : Journal of coatings technology. – ISSN 0361-8773. – Vol.51, n°659 (Décembre 1979), p.67-71.

Appication of analytical pyrolysis to problems in art and archaeology: a review / Alexander M. Shedrinskly, Thomas P. Wampler, Norman Indictor, … et al. . – Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers, 1989. – 20 p. ; 30 cm.

Notes on Northern and Southern Azeri

Azeri – Northern

“AZERBAIJANI, NORTH,

Population 6,069,453 in Azerbaijan. In the republics of the former USSR, 98% of the ethnic group speak Azerbaijani as mother tongue, 4,000,000 are monolingual (1989 census). Population total all countries 7,059,000. Including second language speakers: 15,000,000 (1999 WA).

Region Azerbaijan, and southern Dagestan, along the Caspian coast in the southern Caucasian Mts. Also spoken in Armenia, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia (Asia), Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan.

Alternate names AZERBAIJAN, AZERI TURK, AZERBAYDZHANI

Dialects QUBA, DERBEND, BAKU, SHAMAKHI, SALYAN, LENKARAN, QAZAKH, AIRYM, BORCALA, TEREKEME, QYZYLBASH, NUKHA, ZAQATALA (MUGALY), QABALA, YEREVAN, NAKHCHIVAN, ORDUBAD, GANJA, SHUSHA (KARABAKH), KARAPAPAK.” Ethnologue report for language code: AZE

Azeri – Southern

Azeri is a Turkic language spoken predominantly in Iran. It is in the Turkic branch of the Altaic language family. Azeri was the language of the Kizilbash confederations. I theorize that Azeri is the decencdent of Turkoman as opposed to Turkmen which is a central Asian language).

Azeri Turks

Southern Azeri dialects and Persian carpet weaving groups.

Ainalu (Aynallu, Inallu, Inanlu), Nafar, and Baharlu (Khamsek) are the dialects of the weavers we call Khamseh or Khamseh Federation.

Afshai is the dialect of the weavers we call Afshar.

Shahsavani is the dialect of the weavers we call Shahsavan.

Tabriz is the dialect of the weavers who produce Tabriz rugs.

Qashqai is a dialect of Southern Azeri that some would count as a distinct Turkic language but I am inclined to disagree.

Other Southern Azeri dialects include: Karapa-Pakh, Moqaddam, Qaragozlu, Pishagghi, Bayat, and Qajar.

Notes on Oleg Grabar

OLEG GRABAR Dead at 81 Jan. 8, 2011

Grabar weighs in on Temple Mound Controversy

Oleg Grabar on the Temple Mound controversy in Jerusalem.

Farquhar Visiting Professor in the History of Art University of Pennsylvania.

Aga Khan Professor Emeritus at Harvard University.

Professor Emeritus of the School of Historical Studies of the Institute for Advanced Studies at Princeton University, Princeton NJ.

Holder of the Freer Medal in Asian Art

Ph.D. Near East Language, Princeton University 1955

Grabar, Oleg. The Mediation of Ornament. Bollingen Series XXXV; 38. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992.

Grabar, Oleg (editor). Muqarnas: An Annual on Islamic Art and Architecture. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1984. Volume 2 devoted to Mamluk art.

Grabar, Oleg. “Reflections on Mamluk Art” in Muqarnas: An Annual on Islamic Art and Architecture. Vol. 2. 1984. 1-12.

Grabar, Oleg. The Illustrations of the Maqamat. Studies in Medieval Manuscript Illumination. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1984.

Grabar, Oleg. “Review of Aus der Welt der islamischen Kunst: Festschrift für Ernst Kühnel zum 75. Geburtstag am 26.10.1957, edited by Richard Ettinghausen” in Ars Orientalis. Vol. 4. 1961. 419-422.

Grabar, Oleg. “Review of Die Kunst des Islam, by Janine Sourdel-Thomine and Bertold Spuler” in IJMES. Vol. 8. 1977. 573-574.

Grabar, Oleg. Studies in Medieval Islamic Art. London: Variorum, 1976.

Grabar, Oleg. “Two Pieces of Islamic Metalwork at the University of Michigan” in Ars Orientalis. Vol. 4. 1961. 360-368.

Grabar, Oleg. “Review of Mamluk Jerusalem: An Architectural Study, by Michael H. Burgoyne” in Mimar. Vol. 28. 1988. 81-83.

Grabar, Oleg. “Review of Muslim Cities in the Later Middle Ages, by Ira M. Lapidus” in JAOS. Vol. 88. 1968. 599-601.

Grabar, Oleg. “Review of Islamic Arms and Armour, edited by Robert Elgood” in Middle East Studies Association Bulletin. Vol. 14: No. 2. 1980. 71-72.

Grabar, Oleg. “Review of Die Kunst des Islam, by Janine Sourdel-Thomine and Bertold Spuler” in IJMES. Vol. 8. 1977. 573-574.

Grabar, Oleg. “K. A. C. Creswell and His Work” in Muqarnas: An Annual on Islamic Art and Architecture. Vol. 8. 1991. 1-3.

Grabar, Oleg. “A New Inscription from the Haram al-Sharif in Jerusalem: A Note on the Mediaeval Topography of Jerusalem” in Studies in Islamic Art and Architecture in Honour of Professor K. A. C. Creswell. Cairo: American University in Cairo Press, 1965. 72-83. Reprinted in his Studies in Medieval Islamic Art.

Grabar, Oleg. “Reflections on Mamluk Art” in Muqarnas: An Annual on Islamic Art and Architecture. Vol. 2. 1984. 1-12.

Grabar, Oleg. “Review of Aus der Welt der islamischen Kunst: Festschrift für Ernst Kühnel zum 75. Geburtstag am 26.10.1957, edited by Richard Ettinghausen” in Ars Orientalis. Vol. 4. 1961. 419-422.

Grabar, Oleg. “Michael Meinecke and His Last Book” in Muqarnas: An Annual on the Visual Culture of the Islamic World. Vol. 13. 1996. 1-6.

Grabar, Oleg. “Review of The Muslim Architecture of Egypt, Volume 1: Ikhshids and Fatimids; Volume 2: Ayyubids and Early Bahrite Mamluks, by K. A. C. Creswell” in Ars Orientalis. Vol. 4. 1961. 422-428.

Grabar, Oleg. “The Inscriptions of the Madrasah-Mausoleum of Qaytbay” in Near Eastern Numismatics, Iconography, Epigraphy and History: Studies in Honor of George C. Miles. Kouymjian, Dickran K. (edited by). Beirut: American University of Beirut, 1974. 465-468.

Grabar, Oleg. “Two Pieces of Islamic Metalwork at the University of Michigan” in Ars Orientalis. Vol. 4. 1961. 360-368.

Grabar, Oleg et al. “Sondages à Khirbet el-Minyeh” in I E J. Vol. 10: No. 4. 1960. 226-243.

Grabar, Oleg. Studies in Medieval Islamic Art. London: Variorum, 1976.

Grabar, Oleg. The Mediation of Ornament. Bollingen Series; XXXV, 38. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992.

Grabar, Oleg (editor). Muqarnas: An Annual on Islamic Art and Architecture. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1984. Volume 2 devoted to Mamluk art.

Grabar, Oleg. The Illustrations of the Maqamat. Studies in Medieval Manuscript Illumination. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1984.

Grabar, Oleg. “Sultan Hasan Madrasah” in The Genius of Arab Civilization: Source of Renaissance. Hayes, John R. (edited by). Oxford: Phaidon Press, 1976. 108-109. Second edition: London: Escovitz, 1983

Grabar, Oleg. “The Architecture of the Middle Eastern City from Past to Present: The Case of the Mosque” in Middle Eastern Cities: A Symposium on Ancient, Islamic, and Contemporary Middle Eastern Urbanism. Lapidus, Ira M. (edited by). Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969. 26-46. Reprinted in his Studies in Medieval Islamic Art.

Grabar, Oleg. The Formation of Islamic Art New Haven, Yale Univ. Press, 1987.

Notes on P.R.J. “Jim” Ford

P.R.J. “Jim” Ford is the author of Oriental Carpet Design. It is one of the most important books on Persian Carpets. I know many argue that The Persian Carpet by Cecil Edwards is the best but for my money I would give up The Persian Carpet long before I would give up Oriental Carpet Design. But either way the two books are best viewed together. Jim Ford and Cecil Edwards both worked for OCM as buyers in Iran. As such Oriental Carpet is really a continuation of The Persian Carpet.

PRJ “Jim” Ford is carpet dealer who used to be the buyer for Iran for OCM. His book Oriental Carpet Design is one of the most important books on Persian Carpets ever written.

Ford, P.J.R.: The Oriental Carpet, A History and Guide to Traditional Motifs, Patterns and Symbols. NY: 1981.

Ford, P.R.J. and Hans E. Pohl Shillings: Persische Flachgewebe (Persian Flatweaves). Wesel: 1987.

Ford, P.R.J. Oriental Carpet Design. 1989 (1992 reprint),

83 Textile Museum Conference

Persian Flatweaves: Pictures from an Exhibition by P.J.R. Ford and Hans-Egon Pohl-Schillings, Houston, R. G., IX/1/56

Persian Flatweaves: Pictures from an Exhibition by P.J.R. Ford and Hans-Egon Pohl-Schillings, Houston, R. G., IX/1/56

Mauch, P., Hurer, H., Ford, J., Tibeter-Teppiche, Review by O’Bannon, George, IX/4/77

“Sixth I.C.O.C. Academic Sessions: A Report,” Ford, P.J.R., XI/2/48

“Flatweaves of Kerman Province”, Ford, P.R.J., XII/2/18-24

The Terminology Tangle: Another View, by Marla Mallett

Ford, P. R. J. Oriental Carpet Design. London: Thames and Hudson, 1981, paperback 1993.

This book divides Oriental Carpets on the basis of design. I would not want all of the rug books laid out like this but it is good to have one and this one is very comprehensive. This is very valuable in making attributions of mystery rugs. The idea being you look up a design and then match the structure.

AS time goes by I have to add this book is invaluable. I find it more valuable then Cecil Edward’s The Persian Carpet.

From the Publisher

How can one tell a Persian carpet from a Rumanian copy? Where did today’s oriental carpet designs originate? How do the weavers’ ethnic origins influence the artistic value of tribal rugs?

These are just a few of the hundreds of points that are considered in this comprehensive survey by P.R.J. Ford who, drawing on his many years of experience in the trade, shows how to recognize the different structural and design features of oriental rugs and carpets. The full range of designs used throughout the Orient – from the Balkans to Peking – is grouped not according to place of origin but according to the essential characteristics of the designs themselves. This approach illuminates the cultural background of each design, revealing at once the similarities and the differences between the interpretations of the various carpet-weaving areas.

The author shows the vital influence that the ethnographic histories of the various carpet-producing regions exercised over all important designs. Yet he is basically concerned with the present, with the millions of oriental carpets on sale today. Illustrations of representative examples of modern types, with descriptions of their key characteristics – construction, materials, sizes, colors – and of the clues which establish a rug’s precise origins, appear together with a balanced appraisal of the qualities, good or bad, of modern production from any one town, village or tribal area. The Introduction presents an account of the general history and essential features of oriental carpets. Extensive cross-referencing and detailed indexes make this an invaluable reference guide for the professional user or for anyone who has an appreciation of and an interest in the rugs of the Orient.

Notes on Parviz Tanavoli

Sculptor – Writer and Researcher of Islamic Art, Author, and rug expert. Tanavoli is one of the most knowledgeable people in the world on the village and tribal rugs of Iran. he is also the greatest living Persian sculptor. Parviz is also one of the nicest people in the field.

Former Professor of Tehran University

Contributing Editor at Hali Magazine

Tanavoli, P. Bread and Salt. 1991.

Tanavoli, Parviz. Translated by Wertime, John. Kings, Heroes, and Lovers

Tanavoli Lion Rugs. 1977.

Tanavoli, P. Lion Rugs. 1985.

Tanavoli, Parviz: Lion Rugs from Fars ; Oshkosh (Paine Art Center): 1974.

Tanavoli, Parviz: Lion Rugs from Fars ; Kashan: 1978.

Tanavoli, P. & Amanolahi, S. Gabbeh. n.d. (1990).

Parviz Tanavoli Receives McMullan Award

Parviz Tanavoli Lecture Washington DC

Parviz Tanavoli Lecture More Pictures (2)

“Tacher from Chahar Mahal”. Hamburg/Berlin ICOC7 1993.

“Urban Jewels — Small Persian City Rugs” Santa Monica: ACOR 3, 1996.

Tanavoli (Galerie Bieler) Tasheh Flat weaves with a seal of sanctity: 1994.

Tanavoli Shahsavan Iranian Rugs and Textiles 1985

Tanavoli, P. and S. Amanolahi: Gabbeh, The George D. Bornet Collection Part 2 ; Baar: 1990.

Tanavoli, P. Ghalichahie Shery Fars (Lion Rugs in Fars). 1978, Tehran University,

Tanavoli, P. Shahsavan – Tapis et tissus de nomads persans. Paris 1985 Text: French

Tanavoli, Parviz: Bread and Salt: Iranian Tribal Spreads and Salt Bags. Tehran: 1991.

Tanavoli, Parviz and John T. Wertime Locks From Iran: Pre-Islamic To Twentieth Century. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian

Tanavoli, Parviz: Riding in Splendor: Horse and Camel Trappings from Tribal Iran ; Tehran: 1998.

Tanavoli, Parviz, Contributing Editors, Hali The International Magazine of Antique Carpet and Textile Art.

Bieler, H. & Tanavoli, P. Tasheh . Das Webstucke Mit Dem Siegel der heiligkeit? / Flat weaves with a seal of sanctity? 1994

Parviz Tanavoli Poet and the Sundial

POET AND THE HORIZONTAL BELOVED

Abby

Portrait of Tanavoli

Artist – Parviz Tanavoli

I WANT MY BELOVED

Glance at Works of Parviz Tanavoli Prominent Iranian Sculptor

Tanavoli, Parviz. Persian Flatweaves, Woodbridge: Antique Collectors Club, 2002.

A comprehensive look at Persian flatwoven rugs.Parviz Tanavoli is the expert in this field and this is the book for the specialist/collector.

From the Publisher

Persian Flatweaves

Parviz Tanavoli

The Book

——————————————————————————–

This is the first comprehensive survey of the vast and fascinating subject of Persian flatweaves, and in particular floor covers. Previous publications on the subject have largely been dealers’ restricted catalogues focusing on a narrow geographical area or the weavings of a particular group, or sections in more general books. This book thus fills a huge gap in the oriental carpet and textile literature.

Flatweaves have until recently been seen as merely the products and property of the poor. Since the late 1960s, however, growing attention has been paid to the best known type of flatweave, the gelim, revealing both its quality and variety. Other flatweaves, such as the palas, which is no less frequently found than the gelim, have scarcely been mentioned in any of the literature published so far, yet are shown in this work to be objects of great beauty and diversity.

The book is divided into two parts.

The first deals with the cultural background to the subject. Drawing on literary sources as well as surviving examples, it describes the long history of flatweaves, showing their relation to pile weaves.

The second part of the book deals with the different types of flatweave in turn: gelim, palas, weft-wrapped weaves, zilu and jajim. It also covers the range of uses to which they were put.

Sales Points

The most comprehensive book on tribal and rusti floorcovers of Iran

A first time publication with exceptional illustrations, numerous background images and maps showing the location of each group of floor covers

Explores the creativity and skill that these flatweaves embody, making them works of art

Written by the leading Persian expert

The Author

——————————————————————————–

Professor Parviz Tanavoli is Iran’s leading researcher on carpets and textiles.

He has wide experience in the field among the country’s diverse nomadic tribal and village people and has published over thirty books and articles on the subject.

Tanavoli’s work has been praised for the first-hand information on unknown textiles. Some of today’s internationally known nomadic rugs such as gabbeh and sofreh, are among Tanavoli’s discoveries.

Notes on Peter Bausback

Bausback, P. Islamisches Stickerei Aus 4 Jahrhunderten. 1985, German.

Bausback, P. The Old And Antique Oriental Art Of Weaving. 1983, German edition,

Bausback, Peter Anatolische Knupfteppiche aus vier Jahrhunderten (Turkish Rugs of Four Centuries) Mannheim 1978.

Bausback, Peter: Alte und Antike Chinesische Knupfkunst. Mannheim: 1980.

Bausback, Peter: Alte Und Antike Meisterstucke Chinesischer Teppichknupf Kunst ; Mannheim: 1974.

Bausback, Peter: Alte und Antike Meisterstucke Orientalischer Teppich Knupfkunst #4. Mannheim: 1972.

Bausback, Peter: Alte und Antike Orientalische Knupfkunst. Mannheim: 1979.

Bausback, Peter: Anatolische Knufteppiche Aus Vier Jahrhunderten (Turkish Rugs of Four Centuries) ; Mannheim: 1978.

Bausback, Peter: Antike Orientteppiche. Mannheim: 1978.

Notes on Peter Saunders

Peter Saunders is a highly talented and brilliant rug scholar whose brilliance is equaled by his unconventional and somewhat eccentric joie de vie.

Peter consulted to Christie’s on their rug catalogue for years.

Saunders, Peter E. Tribal Visions

Oriental Rug Review

Saunders, Peter E., “A White Ground Small Pattern ‘Holbein’ Rug in a c. 1500 Northern Italian Painting,” Oriental Rug review XIII/4/28-29

A White Ground Small Pattern “Holbein” Rug in a c. 1500 Northern Italian Painting, by Peter E. Saunders

The Economic History of Turkey: 1800-1914, Issawi, Charles, Review by Saunders, Peter: VI/190-192; 229-231

Munkacsi, Kurt, David d’Heurle and Peter Saunders: Bigger is Better, Main Carpets of the Turkoman

Home / Books / Oriental Rug Books / Central Asian Rugs and Textiles

A new book from Peter Saunders! Definite must buy if you are interested in Turkmen rugs.

New York 2003, 30 CP 30 color figures 68 pp. 6 x 5 CD-ROM in New condition. Requires a Macintosh or PC with a CD-ROM drive and Adobe Acrobat reader (available free on their website). Fabulous collection of Turkoman main carpets. Originally published to coincide with the International Conference on Oriental Carpets in the spring of 2003, Bigger is Better – Main Carpets of the Turkmen is dynamic in its own right. An art book on CD, this catalog of exquisite Turkmen main carpets offers the viewer the capability of zooming in on any detail of the thirty rugs using Adobe Acrobat, the .PDF file format. Not only does this new format break the mold of art and carpet publications, but the exploration of one type of Turkmen weaving with tribal attributions, short descriptions, pointed references, and detailed technical analyses will establish this CD as a reference work of great value with an appeal to a wide audience.

Notes on Peter Stone

Pete Stone is a real gentleman. I met him a few years ago at Rug Convention at the TM and it was a real privilege. His analytical approach to rug studies has made a huge contribution to the field. One thing that separates Stone from the rest of the pack is his knowledge of structure. Pete has counted a lot of knots.

“Rug Literature Today” Denver: ACOR4 Focus Session, 1998.

Stone, P. Oriental Rug Repair. 1981,

Stone, P.F. Oriental Rug Lexicon. c1997,

Stone, P.F. Rugs of The Caucasus: Structure and Design. 1984,

Stone, P.F. The Comical Carpet. 1996,

Stone, Peter, ed. Mideast Meets Midwest: Ethnographic Rugs from Midwestern Collections Chicago: Chicago Rug Society 1993

BUY THIS BOOK! – Oriental Rug Lexicon

Stone, Peter. The Oriental Rug Lexicon. Seattle, University of Washington Press, 1997.

I think I said it best in my review “Buy This Book”. This book belongs on every short list. If you own more than 3 rugs books and you do not have this one you are really missing out. A present from Ron O’Callaghan.

BUY THIS BOOK!

In the rug world there is almost a constant competition of scholarship. Very rarely does one person so dominate his field as to be the indisputable authority. One of those rare exceptions is Peter Stone. One rug restoration expert told me that there will never be another major book on rug repair in my life time because “Oriental Carpet Repair” by Peter Stone says it all. Stone’s new book the “Oriental Rug Lexicon” may well exceed “Oriental Carpet Repair” as a scholarly triumph. If you are at all serious about collecting or if your rugs are anything more than floor coverings to you, you need this book.

The Definitive Guide To Rugs, Carpets, and Trappings What Stone has done is to make one large dictionary of rug terms. He has identified and defined them in an interesting and informative manner. As soon as I received the Lexicon I decided to put it to use. The first job was to decipher a page of notes I had made on dyes and dye sources used in oriental carpets that someone had given me. To have a source where I can double check the difference between a flavenol and a luteolin is invaluable. Other questions are solved just as easily such as what is a Medici Mamaluk versus a regular Mamaluk. Rug books have so many alternate spellings that it is nice to have a source that confirms that a Khorjin, Kharjin, Khordjin, and a Khurdzhin, are all the same thing. The book is designed like a dictionary and it is easy to look up individual words. It is not designed to be read cover to cover but as I spot-checked the definitions I found some thing interesting and fun on virtually every page. As long as I am mentioning spot-checking let me say that I spotted no errors. If, indeed, there are no errors, inaccuracies or mistakes, I will be astounded. There is to be found a wealth of rug terms with all the common alternative spellings including some that I have not encountered until now. All in all, it is an amazing resource.

The layout of the book is superb. It is packed with information! on without being crowded. There are many more color pictures than I would have expected with a book of this type and there is an abundance of helpful sketches and line art to illustrate and illuminate Stone’s points. Just this week a good friend who has a world class rug collection told me I “have” to buy three books if I want to keep up with things. The total for all three is over $1000 US. I mention this only to make the point that at a list price of $29.95 (US currency for softcover edition, $60 for hardcover edition) Stone’s book is about as close to free we are likely to see for a serious rug book. Let me sum up my opinion in just three words: BUY THIS BOOK!

Stone, Peter. The Comical Carpet. Buchanan, Greenleaf Co., 1996.

There is just enough truth in Stones work to make it especially humorous.

Stone, Peter, ed. Mideast Meets Midwest: Ethnographic Rugs from Midwestern Collections Chicago: Chicago Rug Society 199.

Not yet rated.

Stone, Peter. Oriental Rug Repair. Seattle, Greenleaf, 1997.

The single best and most comprehensive book on the care, repair, maintenance,and restoration, of Oriental Carpets. Autographed by the author at Rug Convention 1995.

Oriental Rug Repair – Finally an Owners Manual for Oriental Rugs, October 4, 2000

Finally an Owners Manual for Oriental Rugs

This book is about much more than repairing Oriental Rugs. It is an indispensable owners guide. Of all the most common questions people ask me about rugs Stone answers them in an easy to understand and easy to follow fashion. How do you hang a rug on a wall? It is in there. How do I get a stain out of my rug? Whether it is urine (a frequent question from pet owners)to asphalt Stone tells you what you need to save your rug. Stone covers such topics as “when to repair” or insect damage. Stone guides us through the problem in a way any of us can handle it with ease…when I tell you that this book is the best book in the field it is because after years of study I know what I am talking about. The thing I like about this book is that Stone gives us a depth of detail found no where else. For instance when it comes to spills do you clean up calamine lotion the same way you clean up aftershave lotion? No, two different processes and not knowing which one to use can ruin your rug.

What about the actual repair part? I will freely admit that I have no intention of ever repairing my carpets or anyone else’s but with this book I could. But even more importantly for me is with the information in this book I can understand what the repair person purposes when I take a rug in. I can at least nod knowingly when the repairman uses terms like reweaving or reknoting. By the way my brother Jim was textile conservator and he is the one who gave me my first edition of this book when I was just starting to study in the field. Jim told me this book was so good they would never need another. Jim was wrong this second edition is even better than the first.

Should you buy this book? If you own an Oriental Carpet then the answer is yes. This is the indispensable information that every consumer needs… An owners manual for Oriental Rugs

Stone, P.F. RUGS OF THE CAUCASUS: STRUCTURE AND DESIGN. 1984,

Lots of data very few pictures. Stone does an in-depth analysis of the rugs of the Caucasus and the work is of great value to people who like charts and figures. Looking back on these comments I cannot help but note that Stone’s Rugs of the Caucasus is a 5 star book. If you want to make sense of the Caucasus you have to go to Stone.

Notes on Philip Aziz Atiyeh

Philip Aziz Atiyeh ’46

Phil died Jan. 2, 2002, in Avon, Conn., where he had lived for the past 17 years with his wife of 50 years, Elaine. A graduate of Adelphi HS in Brooklyn, he studied chemistry at Princeton. He joined the family Oriental rug importing business, Atiyeh Brothers in NYC, where he worked until he retired in 1984, when he moved to Avon.

Father of Phil, twins Tom and Bob, Chris, and daughters Dianne and Jeananne, Phil enjoyed family summers at Lake George and playing master-class bridge. He served on the boards of United Way and local youth, civic, and library organizations, as well as the Oriental Rug Importers Assn. and the Haddad Foundation. In addition to his wife and children, 10 grandchildren survive. To them all, the class extends condolences.

The Class of 1946

PAW – 7/3/02

Princeton Class Notes

Memorials —The Class of 1946

ONLINE EDITION FRIDAY FEBRUARY 08, 2002

Obituaries

Philip Atiyeh

Philip Aziz Atiyeh, 77, of Avon, Connecticut, beloved husband of Elaine (Boutross) Atiyeh, died peacefully Wednesday, Jan. 2, in St. Francis Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut. Born in Brooklyn, New York, on Nov. 5, 1924, he was the son of the late Selma (Mallouk) and Aziz Atiyeh. He grew up in Brooklyn, attended Adelphi High School and was graduated cum laude from Princeton University’s class of ’46. Phil spent many happy summers at his family’s country home in Milford, Pennsylvania, among the close-knit Lebanese community. After graduation, Phil joined his brother Fred, working in his father’s family Oriental rug business, the renowned Atiyeh Brothers of New York City. In 1951, Phil married his childhood friend, Elaine. In 1956, he moved to Manhasset where he spent 28 years dedicated to providing for and raising his six children.

Phil’s strong sense of civic service led him to leadership roles in numerous community organizations and professional associations from the 1960s until his retirement. He was the president of the Council of Greater Manhasset Civic Associations for two years and had also served as vice president and publicity chairman. Phil was a trustee of the Manhasset Public Library for six years and was on the Youth Center Advisory Committee for three years. He served as a trustee for the Village of Munsey Park and was later on the board of appeals. Phil was also on the board of governors of the Manhasset Republican Club. His longest service to the community was as president and later on the board of directors of the United Fund of Manhasset for 15 years. Phil also was involved for a number of years with the Oriental Rug Importers Association and the Haddad Foundation.

After retiring in 1984, he moved to Avon. Phil continued hi contribution to the community, serving on the Avon Library Board of Directors. His lifetime passion for duplicate bridge earned him the prestigious designation of Diamond Life Master. Throughout the years, he enjoyed many happy hours attending his numerous bridge clubs, where he was highly respected, with his countless friends and partners. Phil’s kind and gentle manner will be greatly missed by many friends and especially by his family.

In addition to his wife of 50 years, Elaine, Phil is survived by his four sons, Phil and his wife Colleen of Cheshire, Connecticut; Tom and his wife Cindy of Simsbury, Connecticut; Bob and his wife Wendy of Enfield, Connecticut; and Chris of Avon, Connecticut; and his two daughters, Dianne Francis and her husband Steven of Glen Cove; and Jeanne McMahon and her husband Daniel of Newington, Connecticut; and his ten grandchildren: Clifford, Ashley, Kim, Lindsey, Katie, Kristine, Kelsie, Evan, Tom and Caitlin. He is also survived by his sister Esther Martin of North Wales, Pennsylvania, and was predeceased by his brother, Fred Atiyeh of Manhasset. The family requests that donation in his memory be made to Covenant House (an organization that helps wayward children), 346 West 17 Street, New York, NY 10011 or the Church of St. Ann, 289 Arch Road, Avon, Connecticut.

Notes on Phyllis Ackerman

Phyllis Ackerman wife of Arthur Upham Pope.

Ackerman & Pope founded the American Institute for Persian Art and Archaeology in 1925 which later became the Asia Institute.

In 1966 they moved the Asia Institute to The Narenjestan Palace in Shiraz Iran at the invitation of Mohammed Reza Shah The Narenjestan (Palace Museum Shiraz).

They are interred in a mausoleum in Professor Pope Park on the banks of the Zayandeh-Rud River in Isfahan.

Ackerman, Phyllis: Guide to the Exhibition of Persian Art. NY: 1940.

A Survey of Persian Art. Oxford University Press, 1939

A Survey of Persian Art. Asia Institute Books, with Meiji Shobo publishers of Japan and Ekram Manafzadeh of Iran, 1964.

Gluck,Jay and Siver, Noel. Surveyors of Persian Art: Documentary Biography of A. U. Pope & Phyllis Ackerman. Mazda Press

Notes on Polonaise Rugs

It has been popular to attribute all Polonaise rugs to Persia. While some are Persian a significant number are made in a construction that was never made in Persia and can only be attributed to Mughal India.

I now believe that the Persian Polonaise rugs were woven in

New Julfa an Armenian Christian section of Isfahan. The production in India was started by Armenian traders who had the rugs woven in India because the cost of labor was much cheaper. Silver from the new world was used by the Spanish who traded heavily with the Armenian merchants. Much as the United States is seeing today money moves to where labor costs are the cheapest. This means that we see almost identical rugs woven in Persia and India in the same time frame. We can distinguish the Indian rugs by the high ply count warps. In Persia warps were generally four plies or less while in India we see ply counts greater than five.  I explore this in The Incidence Of High Ply Counts In Early Cotton Warps.

Notes on Prof. Dr. Heinz Halm

A leading German Islamist and a specialist in Ismaili studies, Heinz Halm is Professor of Islamic Studies at the University of Tübingen. He is the author of numerous works on Islam, Shi‘ism and Ismailism, including Kosmologie und Heilslehre der frühen Ismailiya (Wiesbaden, 1978); Das Reich des Mahdi: Der Aufstieg der Fatimiden (Munich, 1991), Eng. trans. The Empire of the Mahdi: The Rise of the Fatimids (Leiden, 1996); and Die Schia (Darmstast, 1988), Eng. trans. Shi‘ism (Edinburgh, 1991). Professor Halm is the editor of Die Welt des Orients and his shorter studies have appeared in the Encyclopaedia of Islam, Encyclopaedia Iranica and in learned journals. Institute of Ismaili Studies – Heinz Halm

Halm, Heinz. “Review of Untersuchungen zur historischen Volkskunde Ägyptens nach mamlukischen Quellen, by Barbara Langner” in Der Islam. Vol. 62. 1985. 358.

Halm, Heinz. “Ägypten unter den Mamluken” Tübinger Atlas des Vorderen Orients; B VIII 13. Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, 1984.

Halm, Heinz. “al-Mansura” in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. 2d edition. Vol. 6. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1990. 440.

Halm, Heinz. “Die islamischen Rechtsschulen: Palästina, Syrien, und Ägypten” Tübinger Atlas des Vorderen Orients; B VIII 16. Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, 1977.

Halm, Heinz. “Rawk” in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. 2d edition. Vol. 8. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1994. 467-468.

Halm, Heinz. “Review of Espaces, pouvoirs et idéologies de l’Égypte médiévale, by Jean-Claude Garcin” in Der Islam. Vol. 68. 1991. 367-368.

Halm, Heinz. “Review of The Agrarian Administration of Egypt from the Arabs to the Ottomans, by Gladys Frantz-Murphy” in Der Islam. Vol. 68. 1991. 365-367.

Halm, Heinz. “Der Vordere Orient um 1500” Tübinger Atlas des Vorderen Orients; B IX 1. Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, 1981.

Halm, Heinz. “Review of Les trois vies du sultan Baïbars: Choix des textes et présentation, edited by Jacqueline Sublet” in Die Welt des Orients. Vol. 26. 1995. 216-217.

Halm, Heinz. “Östlicher Mittelmeerraum, 1204-1291” Tübinger Atlas des Vorderen Orients; B VIII 6. Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, 1993.

Halm, Heinz. “Review of Das aleppiner Kalifat (A.D. 1261): Vom Ende des Kalifates in Baghdad über Aleppo zu den Restaurationen in Kairo, by Stefan Heidemann” in Arabica. Vol. 43: No. 2. 1996. 376-378.

Halm, Heinz. “Review of Die Chronik as-Suga`is. Erster Teil: Arabischer Text, edited by Barbara Schäfer” in JSS. Vol. 27: No. 1. 1982. 127-128.

Halm, Heinz. “Review of Eine Stadtgeschichte Alexandrias von 564/1169 bis in die Mitte des 9./15. Jahrhunderts: Verwaltung und innerstädtische Organisationsformen, by Martina Müller-Wiener” in Die Welt des Orients. Vol. 26. 1995. 224-225.

Halm, Heinz. Ägypten nach den mamlukischen Lehensregistern. Beihefte zum Tübinger Atlas des Vorderen Orients; Reihe B, nr. 38. Wiesbaden: Reichert, 1979;
1982 Vol. 1: Oberagypten und das Fayyum; vol. 2: Das Delta.

Notes on Professor Daniel Hsieh

Associate Professor of Chinese, Chair, Chinese and Japanese Section

Prof Daniel Hsieh is an expert of translating classic Chinese literature.

Education: Ph D. – University of Washington

Articles:

“Du Fu: ‘Gazing at the Mountain?'” Chinese Literature: Essay, Article, Review 16 (1994): 1-18.

“Poems of the Shen Tong: Precocious Children? Verse in Ancient China.” Bookbird 33.1 (1995):26-29.

“Induced Dreams, Reading, and the Rhetoric of ‘Chen-chung chi.'” Tamkang Review 27.1 (1996): 63-102.

“Final Particles and Rhyming in the Shih-ching.” Oriens 35 (1996): 259-80.

Book:

Hsieh, Daniel. The Evolution of Jueju Verse. New York: Peter Lang Publishing, 1996.

Hsieh, Daniel. “Fox’s Progress: The Ascension of Fox Fairies in Liaozhai zhiyi”. Session 96: Red Sleeves in the Ivory Tower: Women and the Motif of Love in Traditional Chinese Literature and Paintings (Sponsored by Chinese Society for Women’s Studies). 1998 AAS Annual Meeting, March 26-29, 1998, Washington, DC.

Daniel Hsieh, The Evolution of Jueju Verse. Reviewed by Charles Egan – p. 444 China Review International; A Journal of Reviews of Scholarly Literature in Chinese Studies Volume 5, Number 2 (Fall 1998)

Antique Baluch Orange

A tale of two Shiraz Rugs on eBay

Daniel Hsieh’s home page

The Hsieh Baluch kilim

Notes on Professor Peter Malcolm Holt

Professor Peter Malcolm Holt (born 1918). Lecturer and later Professor of the History of the Near and Middle East, School of Oriental and African Studies, 1955-1982.

Holt , Peter Malcolm. The Age of the Crusades: The Near East from the Eleventh Century to 1517. Addison Wesley Longman Limited 1986

Holt , Peter Malcolm. Early Mamluk Diplomacy: Treaties of Baybars and Qalawun with Christian Rulers. Brill Academic Publishers, Incorporated 1995

Holt , Peter Malcolm. The Cambridge History of Islam A, Vol. 1 Cambridge University Press1991

Holt , Peter Malcolm. The History of the Sudan: From the Coming of Islam to the Present Day. Longman Group UK, Ltd.1988

Holt , Peter Malcolm. Islamic Society and Civilization, Vol. 2. Cambridge University Press 1978

Holt , Peter Malcolm. Studies in the History of the Near East. International Specialized Book Services,1995

Holt, P. M. “al-Mu’ayyad Shaykh” in The Encyclopedia of Islam. 2d edition. Vol. 7. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1993. 271-272.

Holt, P. M. “al-Nasir” in The Encyclopedia of Islam. 2d edition. Vol. 7. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1993. 991-993.

Holt, P. M. “An Early Source on Shaykh Khadir al-Mihrani” in BSOAS. Vol. 46. 1983. 33-39.

Holt, P. M. “Baybars’s Treaty with the Lady of Beirut in 667/1269” in Crusade and Settlement: Papers Read at the First Conference of the Society for the Study of the Crusades and the Latin East and Presented to R. C. Smail. Edbury, Peter W. (edited by). Cardiff: University College Cardiff Press, 1985. 242-245.

Holt, P. M. “Mamluk-Frankish Diplomatic Relations in the Reign of Qalawun (678-89/1279-90)” in JRAS. No. 2. 1989. 278-289.

Holt, P. M. “Some Observations on Shafi` b. `Ali’s Biography of Baybars” in JSS. Vol. 29: No. 1. 1984. 123-130.

Holt, P. M. “A Chancery Clerk in Medieval Egypt” in English Historical Review. Vol. 101. 1986. 671-679.

Holt, P. M. “Dimyat” in The Encyclopedia of Islam. 2d edition. Vol. 2. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1965. 292.

Holt, P. M. “The Ilkhan Ahmad’s Embassies to Qalawun: Two Contemporary Accounts” in BSOAS. Vol. 49. 1986. 128-132.

Holt, P. M. “Kansawh al-Ghawri” in The Encyclopedia of Islam. 2d edition. Vol. 4. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1978. 552-553.

Holt, P. M. “Khushkadam, al-Malik al-Zahir Abu Sa`id Sayf al-Din al-Nasiri al-Mu’ayyadi” in The Encyclopedia of Islam. 2d edition. Vol. 5. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1986. 73.

Holt, P. M. “Ladjin (Lacin), al-Malik al-Mansur Husam al-Din” in The Encyclopedia of Islam. 2d edition. Vol. 5. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1986. 594-595.

Holt, P. M. “The Mamluk Sultanate and Aragon: The Treaties of 689/1290 and 692/1293” in Tarih. Vol. 2. 1992. 105-118. Philadelphia: Annenberg Research Institute

Holt, P. M. “Mamluk-Frankish Diplomatic Relations in the Reign of Baybars (658-76/1260-77)” in Nottingham Medieval Studies. Vol. 32. 1988. 180-195.

Holt, P. M. “Mamluks” in The Encyclopedia of Islam. 2d edition. Vol. 6. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1990. 321-331.

Holt, P. M. “Notice of Islam and the Abode of War, by David Ayalon” in BSOAS. Vol. 58: No. 3. 1995. 621-622.

Holt, P. M. “Notice of The Franks in the Levant, 11th to 14th Centuries, by Benjamin Z. Kedar” in BSOAS. Vol. 58: No. 3. 1995. 622.

Holt, P. M. “Qalawun’s Treaty with Acre in 1283” in English Historical Review. Vol. 91. 1976. 802-812.

Holt, P. M. “Qalawun’s Treaty with Genoa in 1290” in Der Islam. Vol. 57. 1980. 101-108.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Baibars the First: His Endeavors and Achievements, by `Abd al-`Aziz al-Khuwaitir” in JRAS. No. 1. 1981. 82-83.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Fihrist Watha’iq al-Qahirah hattá Nihayat `Asr Salatin al-Mamalik (239-922 AH/853-1516 AD), edited by Muhammad Muhammad Amin” in JRAS. No. 1. 1983. 93-94.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Répertoire chronologique d’épigraphie arabe. Tom. XVII (années 762 à 783 de l’Hégire), edited by Nikita Élisséeff, Dominique Sourdel and Janine Sourdel-Thomine” in JRAS. No. 2. 1983. 295-297.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Al-Makin ibn al-`Amid, Chronique des Ayyoubides (602–658/1205-6-1259-60), translated by Anne-Marie Eddé and Françoise Micheau” in BSOAS. Vol. 59: No. 1. 1996. 144-145.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Weltgeschichte und Weltbeschreibung im Mittelalterlichen Islam, by Bernd Radtke” in JRAS. Vol. (3rd ser.) 3: No. 3. 1993. 436-437.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Das aleppiner Kalifat (A.D. 1261): Vom Ende des Kalifates in Baghdad über Aleppo zu den Restaurationen in Kairo, by Stefan Heidemann” in JRAS. Vol. (3rd ser.) 5: No. 3. 1995. 414-415.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Das Pyramidenbuch des Abu Ga`far al-Idrisi (st. 649/1251), edited by Ulrich Haarmann” in BSOAS. Vol. 56. 1993. 129-130.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Die Epitome der Universalchronik Ibn al-Dawadaris im Verhältnis zur Langfassung: Eine quellenkritische Studie zur Geschichte der ägyptischen Mamluken, edited by Gunhild Graf” in BSOAS. Vol. 54. 1991. 366-367.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Die Geschichte des Sultans Baibars von `Izz ad-din Muhammad b. `Ali b. Ibrahim b. Saddad (st. 684/1285), edited by Ahmad Hutayt” in BSOAS. Vol. 49. 1986. 219.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Les civils et l’administration dans l’État militaire mamluk (IXe/XVe siècle), by Bernadette Martel-Thoumian” in BSOAS. Vol. 56: No. 3. 1993. 593-594.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Les trois vies du sultan Baïbars: Choix des textes et présentation, edited by Jacqueline Sublet” in BSOAS. Vol. 56: No. 3. 1993. 644.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Mukhtar al-Akhbar, edited by `Abd al-Hamid Salih Hamdan” in BSOAS. Vol. 58: No. 1. 1995. 131-132.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Secular Justice in an Islamic State: Mazalim under the Bahri Mamluks, 662/1264-789/1387, by Jørgen S. Nielsen” in BSOAS. Vol. 51. 1988. 556-557.

Holt, P. M. “Review of The Transmission of Knowledge in Medieval Cairo: A Social History of Islamic Education, by Jonathan P. Berkey” in BSOAS. Vol. 56. 1993. 367-368.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Twilight of Majesty: The Reigns of Mamluk Sultans Al-Ashraf Qaytbay and Qansuh al-Ghawri in Egypt, by Carl F. Petry” in BSOAS. Vol. 58: No. 3. 1995. 554-555.

Holt, P. M. “Review of A Turning Point in Mamluk History: The Third Reign of al-Nasir Muhammad ibn Qalawun (1310-1341), by Amalia Levanoni” in BSOAS. Vol. 59: No. 2. 1996. 346-347.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Les peuples musulmans dans l’histoire médiévale, by Claude Cahen; and Makhzumiyyat: Études sur l’histoire économique et financière de l’Égypte médiévale, by Claude Cahen” in BSOAS. Vol. 42. 1979. 187-188.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Kitbuga und Lagin: Studien zur Mamluken-Geschichte nach Baibars al-Mansuri und al-Nuwairi, by Shah Morad Elham” in BSOAS. Vol. 42. 1979. 188.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Mongols and Mamluks: The Mamluk-Ilkhanid War, 1260-1281, by Reuven Amitai-Preiss” in International History Review. Vol. 18. 1996. 394-396.

Holt, P. M. “Shams al-Shuja`i: A Chronicler Identified?” in BSOAS. Vol. 58: No. 3. 1995. 532-534.

Holt, P. M. “Some Observations on the `Abbasid Caliphate of Cairo” in BSOAS. Vol. 47. 1984. 501-507.

Holt, P. M. “The Position and Power of the Mamluk Sultan” in BSOAS. Vol. 38. l975. 237-249.

Holt, P. M. “The Treaties of the Early Mamluk Sultans with the Frankish States” in BSOAS. Vol. 43. 1980. 67-76.

Holt, P. M. “The Mamluk Sultans: 1250-1517” in History Today. Vol. 27: No. 11. November 1977. 719-725, 761.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Mamluk Economics: A Study and Translation of al-Maqrizi’s Ighathah, edited and translated by Adel Allouche” in JSS. Vol. 41: No. 1. 1996. 185-187.

Holt, P. M. “The Sultanate of al-Mansur Lachin 696-8/1296-9” in BSOAS. Vol. 36. 1973. 521-532.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Arabic Biographical Dictionaries: A Summary Guide and Bibliography, by Paul Auchterlonie” in Bulletin of the British Society for Middle Eastern Studies. Vol. 14. 1987. 238-239.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Struggle for Domination in the Middle East: The Ottoman-Mamluk War, 1485-91, by Shai Har-El” in BSOAS. Vol. 60. 1997. 141-142.

Holt, P. M. “Review of From Saladin to the Mongols: The Ayyubids of Damascus, 1193-1260, by R. Stephen Humphreys” in BSOAS. Vol. 41. 1978. 592-595.

Holt, P. M. “The Virtuous Ruler in Thirteenth-Century Mamluk Royal Biographies” in Nottingham Medieval Studies. Vol. 24. 1980. 27-35.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Formen spätmittelalterlicher islamischer Geschictsdarstellung: Untersuchungen zu an-Nuwairi al-Iskandaranis Kitab al-Ilmam und verwandten zeitgenössischen Texten, by Otfried Weintritt” in BSOAS. Vol. 58. 1995. 131-132.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Damas au VIIe/XIIIe siècle: Vie et structures religieuses d’une métropole islamique, by Louis Pouzet” in BSOAS. Vol. 53. 1990. 337-339.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Baybars I of Egypt, by Syedah Fatima Sadeque” in BSOAS. Vol. 22. 1959. 143-145.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Medieval and Middle Eastern Studies in Honor of Aziz Suryal Atiya, by Sami A. Hanna” in BSOAS. Vol. 36. 1973. 741.

Holt, P. M. “Review of A Social and Economic History of the Near East in the Middle Ages, by Eliyahu Ashtor” in BSOAS. Vol. 39. 1976. 658-659.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Studies on the Mamluks of Egypt (1250-1517), by David Ayalon” in BSOAS. Vol. 41. 1978. 216.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Kitab Tatqif al-Ta`rif bi’l-Mustalah al-Sarif, edited by Rudolf Vesely” in BSOAS. Vol. 52. 1989. 623.

Holt, P. M. “Review of The Medieval Near East: Social and Economic History, by Eliyahu Ashtor” in BSOAS. Vol. 42. 1979. 414.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Kitab al-Minhag fi `Ilm Harag Misr d’Abu ‘l-Hasan `Ali b. Utman al-Mahzumi (m. en 585/1189), edited by Claude Cahen and Yusuf Ragib; and The Agrarian Administration of Egypt from the Arabs to the Ottomans, by Gladys Frantz-Murphy” in BSOAS. Vol. 52. 1989. 127-128.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Slave Soldiers and Islam: The Genesis of a Military System, by Daniel Pipes” in BSOAS. Vol. 45. 1982. 163-165.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Studies in Memory of Gaston Wiet, edited by Myriam Rosen-Ayalon” in BSOAS. Vol. 42. 1979. 188-189.

Holt, P. M. “Review of The Mamluk Military Society: Collected Studies, by David Ayalon” in BSOAS. Vol. 43. 1980. 420.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Ägypten nach den mamlukischen Lehensregistern, by Heinz Halm” in BSOAS. Vol. 45; 46. 1982; 1983. 581-582; 411.

Holt, P. M. “Review of An Urban History of Bulaq in the Mamluk and Ottoman Periods, by Nelly Hanna” in BSOAS. Vol. 48. 1985. 613.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Untersuchungen zur historischen Volkskunde Ägyptens nach mamlukischen Quellen, by Barbara Langner” in BSOAS. Vol. 48. 1985. 356-357.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Masalik al-Absar fi Mamalik al-Amsar, edited by Ayman Fu’ad Sayyid” in BSOAS. Vol. 50. 1987. 136-137.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Azbakiyya and Its Environs from Azbak to Isma`il, 1476-1879, by Doris Behrens-Abouseif” in BSOAS. Vol. 50. 1987. 552-553.

Holt, P. M. “Review of The Middle East in the Middle Ages: The Early Mamluk Sultanate 1250-1382, by Robert Irwin” in BSOAS. Vol. 51. 1988. 325.

Holt, P. M. “Review of Kitab al-Luma` fi al-Hawadith wa-al-Bida`, edited by Subhi Labib” in BSOAS. Vol. 51. 1988. 331-332.

Holt, P. M. “The Presentation of Qalawun by Shafi` ibn `Ali” in The Islamic World from Classical to Modern Times: Essays in Honor of Bernard Lewis. Bosworth, Clifford Edmund et al. (edited by). Princeton: Darwin Press, 1989. 141-150.

Holt, P. M. “Succession in the Early Mamluk Sultanate” in XXIII. Deutscher Orientalistentag: Ausgewählte Vorträge. von Schuler, E. (edited by). Würzburg, 16-20 September 1985. ZDMG”, Supplement; VII. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1989. 144-148.

Haldane, Duncan. “Scenes of Daily Life from Mamluk Miniatures” in The Eastern Mediterranean Lands in the Period of the Crusades. Holt, P. M. (edited by). Warminster: Aris and Phillips, 1977. 78-89.

Holt, P. M. “The Structure of Government in the Mamluk Sultanate” in The Eastern Mediterranean Lands in the Period of the Crusades. Holt, P. M. (edited by). Warminster: Aris and Phillips, 1977. 44-61.

Irwin, Robert. “Iqta` and the End of the Crusader States” in The Eastern Mediterranean Lands in the Period of the Crusades. Holt, P. M. (edited by). Warminster: Aris and Phillips, 1977. 62-77.

Holt, P. M. (editor and translator). The Memoirs of a Syrian Prince, Abu’l-Fida’, Sultan of Hamah (672-732/1273-1331). Freiburger Islamstudien; 9. Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1983.

Holt, P. M. (ed.). The Eastern Mediterranean Lands in the Period of the Crusades. Warminster: Aris and Phillips, 1977.

Holt, P. M. Early Mamluk Diplomacy (1260-1290): Treaties of Baybars and Qalawun with Christian Rulers. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1995. Edbury; Fleet; Melville; Monferrer Sala; Nielsen; Richards; Wiederhold.

Holt, P. M. The Age of the Crusades: The Near East from the Eleventh Century to 1517. London: Longman, 1986.

Edbury, Peter W. “The Crusading Policy of King Peter I of Cyprus, 1359-1369” in The Eastern Mediterranean Lands in the Period of the Crusades. Holt, P. M. (edited by). Warminster: Aris and Phillips, 1977. 90-105. Review by Spuler.

Holt, P. M. “Three Biographies of al-Zahir Baybars” in Medieval Historical Writing in the Christian and Islamic Worlds. Morgan, David O. (edited by). London: School of Oriental and African Studies, 1982. 19-29.

Holt, P. M. “Literary Offerings: A Genre of Courtly Literature” in The Mamluks in Egyptian Politics and Society. Philipp, Thomas (edited by). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. 3-16.

Holt, P. M. “Qalawun’s Treaty with the Latin Kingdom (682/1283): Negotiation and Abrogation” in Egypt and Syria in the Fatimid, Ayyubid and Mamluk Eras. Vermeulen, Urbain (edited by). Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, May, 1992, 1993, and 1994. Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta; 73. Leuven: Uitgeverij Peeters, 1995. 325-334.

Holt, P. M. “An-Nasir Muhammad b. Qalawun (684-741/1285-1341): His Ancestry, Kindred, and Affinity” in Egypt and Syria in the Fatimid, Ayyubid and Mamluk Eras. Vermeulen, Urbain (edited by). Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, May, 1992, 1993, and 1994. Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta; 73. Leuven: Uitgeverij Peeters, 1995. 313-324.

Holt, P. M. “Treaties between the Mamluk Sultans and the Frankish Authorities” in XIX. Deutscher Orientalistentag: Vortäge. Voigt, W. (edited by). Freiburg im Breisgau, 28 September-4 October 1975. ZDMG”, Supplement; III: 1. Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, 1977. 474-476.

Haarmann, Ulrich. The Mamluks in Egyptain Politics and Society (Cambridge Studies in Islamic Civilization) Cambridge Univ Press 1998

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Altun Han und Cingis Han bee den ägyptischen Mamluken” in Der Islam. Vol. 51. 1974. 1-36.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Arabic in Speech, Turkish in Lineage: Mamluks and Their Sons in the Intellectual Life of Fourteenth-Century Egypt and Syria” in JSS. Vol. 33: No. 1. 1988. 81-114.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Review of Décrire le Caire: Fustat-Misr d’après Ibn Duqmaq et Maqrizi: L’histoire d’une partie de la ville du Caire d’après deux historiens égyptiens des XIVe-XVe siècles, by Sylvie Denoix” in ZDMG. Vol. 144. 1994. 390-392.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Auflösung und Bewahrung der klassischen Formen arabischer Geschichtsschreibung in der Zeit der Mamluken” in ZDMG. Vol. 121. 1971. 46-60.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “L’édition de la chronique mamelouke syrienne de Shams ad-Din Muhammad al-Jazari” in BEO. Vol. 27. 1974. 195-203.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Review of Twilight of Majesty: The Reigns of Mamluk Sultans Al-Ashraf Qaytbay and Qansuh al-Ghawri in Egypt, by Carl F. Petry” in IJMES. Vol. 29: No. 4. 1997. 635-638.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Ideology and History, Identity and Alterity: The Arab Image of the Turk from the `Abbasids to Modern Egypt” in IJMES. Vol. 20. 1988. 175-196.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Review of Die Restaurierung der Madrasa des Amirs Sabiq ad-Din Mitqal al-Anuki und die Sanierung des Darb Qirmiz in Kairo, by Michael Meinecke” in Die Welt des Orients. Vol. 16. 1985. 209-212.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Khalil, al-Malik al-Ashraf Salah al-Din” in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. 2d edition. Vol. 4. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1978. 964-965.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Review of An Introduction to Mamluk Historiography: An Analysis of Arabic Annalistic and Biographical Sources for the Reign of an-Malik al-Nasir Muhammad ibn Qala’un, by Donald P. Little” in ZDMG. Vol. 122. 1972. 356-359.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “The Library of a Fourteenth Century Jerusalem Scholar” in Palestine, vol. 1: Jerusalem. Amman, 19-24 April 1980. Amman: University of Jordan and Yarmouk University, 1983. 105-110.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “The Library of a Fourteenth Century Jerusalem Scholar” in Der Islam. Vol. 61. 1984. 327-333.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Mamluk Endowment Deeds as a Source for the History of Education in Late Medieval Egypt” in al-Abhath. Vol. 28. 1980. 31-47.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Misr, 5. The Mamluk Period (1250-1517)” in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. 2d edition. Vol. 7. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1993. 165-177.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Mit dem Pfeil, dem Bogen: Fremde und einheimische Stimmen zur Kriegkunst der Mamluken” in Kommunikation zwischen Orient und Okzident: Alltag und Sachkultur. Krems an der Donau, 6-9 October 1992. Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philosophisch-Historische Klasse, Sitzungsberichte; 619. Vienna: Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 1994. 223-249.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Quellen zur Geschichte des islamischen Ägyptens” in MDAIK. Vol. 38. 1982. 201-210.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Review of The Age of the Crusades: The Near East from the Eleventh Century to 1517, by Peter M. Holt” in BSOAS. Vol. 51. 1988. 327-328.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Rather the Injustice of the Turks than the Righteousness of the Arabs –Changing `Ulama’ Attitudes towards Mamluk Rule in the Late Fifteenth Century” in SI. Vol. 68. 1988. 61-77.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Luxor und Heliopolis: Ein Aufruf zum Denkmalschutz aus dem 13. Jahrhundert n. Chr.” in Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts. Abteilung Kairo. Vol. 40. 1984. 153-157.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Regional Sentiment in Medieval Islamic Egypt” in BSOAS. Vol. 43. 1980. 55-66.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Review Article: Mamluk Jerusalem: An Architectural Study, by Michael H. Burgoyne” in Levant. Vol. 22. 1990. 149-153.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Review of Ägypten und Syrien zwischen 1317 und 1341 in der Chronik des Mufaddal b. Abi l-Fada’il, by Samira Kortantamer” in Der Islam. Vol. 51. 1974. 319-320.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Review of Fihrist Watha’iq al-Qahirah hattá Nihayat `Asr Salatin al-Mamalik (239-922 AH/853-1516 AD), by Muhammad Amin” in Die Welt des Islams. Vol. (n.s.) 27. 1987. 127-130.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Review of Kitbuga und Lagin: Studien zur Mamluken-Geschichte nach Baibars al-Mansuri und al-Nuwairi, by Shah Morad Elham” in Der Islam. Vol. 56. 1979. 145-146.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Review of Sams ad-Din as-Suga`i: Tarih al-Malik an-Nasir Muhammad b. Qalawun as-Salihi wa-Auladihi, by Barbara Schäfer” in Der Islam. Vol. 64. 1987. 338-339.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Review of Sultan Baibars I. von Ägypten: Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des Vorderen Orients im 13. Jahrhundert, by Peter Thorau” in Der Islam. Vol. 68. 1991. 377-379.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Review of Das Königreich von al-Karak in der mamlukischen Zeit, by Muhammad `Adnan al-Bakhit, and translated by Alexander Scheidt” in Die Welt des Orients. Vol. 25. 1994. 207-209.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Manf” in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. 2d edition. Vol. 6. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1988. 410-414.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Die Sphinx: Synkretistische Volksreligiosität im spätmittelalterlichen islamischen Ägypten” in Saeculum: Jahrbuch für Universalgeschichte. Vol. 29. 1978. 367-384.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “al-Mustandjid (II) bi’llah, Abu ‘l-Mahasin Yusuf b. al-Mutawakkil Muhammad” in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. 2d edition. Vol. 7. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1992. 727.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “al-Idrisi, Djamal al-Din Abu Dja`far Muhammad” in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. Supplement. 2d edition. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1982. 407-408.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Review of The Civilian Elite of Cairo in the Later Middle Ages, by Carl F. Petry” in BSOAS. Vol. 47. 1984. 133-135.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Quellen zur Geschichte des islamischen Ägyptens” in Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts. Abteilung Kairo. Vol. 38. 1982. 201-210.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Review of Weltgeschichte und Weltbeschreibung im Mittelalterlichen Islam, by Bernd Radtke” in JAOS. Vol. 115. 1995. 134.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Review of The Age of the Crusades: The Near East from the Eleventh Century to 1517, by Peter M. Holt; and The Middle East in the Middle Ages: The Early Mamluk Sultanate 1250-1382, by Robert Irwin” in JSS. Vol. 32: No. 2. 1987. 380-384.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Mamluk Studies – A Western Perspective” in Arab Journal for the Humanities/al-Majallah al-`Arabiyah lil-`Ulum al-Insaniyah. Vol. 13: No. 51. 1995. 328-347.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Review of Die Mamlukische Architektur in Ägypten und Syrien (648/1250 bis 923/1517), by Michael Meinecke” in Die Welt des Orients. Vol. 25. 1994. 209-214.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Review of Slave Soldiers and Islam: The Genesis of a Military System, by Daniel Pipes” in Religious Studies Review. Vol. 8: No. 4. 1982. 392.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Review of Palais et maisons du Caire, I: Époque mamelouke (XIIIe-XVIe siècles), by Jean-Claude Garcin, et al.” in Die Welt des Islams. Vol. (n.s.) 26. 1986. 201-203.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Sakkara” in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. 2d edition. Vol. 8. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1995. 894-895.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Review of The Evolution of a Sufi Institution in Mamluk Egypt: The Khanqah, by Leonor E. Fernandes” in Die Welt des Islams. Vol. (n.s.) 31: No. 2. 1991. 270-272.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Review of Protectors or Praetorians? The Last Mamluk Sultans and Egypt’s Waning as a Great Power, by Carl F. Petry” in British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies. Vol. 24. 1997. 269-271.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Review of Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti, by E. M. Sartain” in JSS. Vol. 22: No. 2. 1977. 241-243.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Review of The Transmission of Knowledge in Medieval Cairo: A Social History of Islamic Education, by Jonathan Berkey” in Der Islam. Vol. 75: No. 1. 1998. 176-179.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Review of The Islamic Middle East, 700-1900, edited by Abraham L. Udovitch” in Religious Studies Review. Vol. 8: No. 4. 1982. 392.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Review of Al-Quds al-Mamlukiyya: A History of Mamluk Jerusalem Based on the Haram Documents, by Huda Lutfi” in Die Welt des Islams. Vol. (n.s.) 29. 1989. 178-181.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “‘Großer Vater Mund’ und ‘Schwarzer Löwenjunge’Ðeine mongolisch-kiptschakische Ursprungssage in arabischer Überlieferung” in Die Mongolen in Asien und Europa. Conermann, Stephan (edited by). Kieler Werkstücke, Reihe F: Beiträge zur osteuropäischen Geschichte; 4. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 1997. 121-137.

Haarmann, Ulrich W. “Yeomanly Arrogance and Righteous Rule: Fazl Allah ibn Ruzbihan Khunji and the Mamluks of Egypt” in Iran and Iranian Studies: Essays in Honor of Iraj Afshar. Eslami, Kambiz (Edited by). Princeton, NJ: Zagros Press, 1998.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Der arabische Osten im späten Mittelalter 1250-1517” in Geschichte der arabischen Welt. Haarmann, Ulrich (edited by). Munich: C. H. Beck, 1987. 217-263, 606-612, 640-647.

Haarmann, Ulrich. Quellenstudien zur frühen Mamlukenzeit. Islamkundliche Untersuchungen; 1. Freiburg: Robischon, 1969.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Einleitung” in Das Pyramidenbuch des Abu Ga`far al-Idrisi (st. 649/1251). Haarmann, Ulrich (edited by). Beiruter Texte und Studien; 38. Beirut: In Kommission bei Franz Steiner Verlag, 1991.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Der Schatz im Haupte des Götzen” in Die islamische Welt zwischen Mittelalter und Neuzeit: Festschrift für Hans Robert Roemer zum 65. Geburtstag. Haarmann, Ulrich (edited by). Beirut and Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner, 1979. 198-229.

Little, Donald P. “Notes on Aitamis, a Mongol Mamluk” in Die islamische Welt zwischen Mittelalter und Neuzeit: Festschrift für Hans Robert Roemer zum 65. Geburtstag. Haarmann, Ulrich (edited by). Beiruter Texte und Studien; 22. Beirut: Orient-Institut der Deutschen Morganlandischen Gesellschaft/Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner, 1979. 387-401. Reprinted in his History and Historiography of the Mamluks.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “In Quest of the Spectacular: Noble and Learned Visitors to the Pyramids around 1200 A.D.” in Islamic Studies Presented to Charles J. Adams. Hallaq, Wael B. (edited by). Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1991. 57-67.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Das Pharaonische Ägypten bei Islamischen Autoren des Mittelalters” in Zum Bild Ägyptens im Mittelalter und in der Renaissance/Comment se représente-t-on l’Égypte au moyen âge et à la renaissance?. Hornung, Erik (edited by). Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis; 95. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, and Freiburg Schweiz: Universitätsverlag, 1990. 29-58.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “The Sons of Mamluks as Fief-holders in Late Medieval Egypt” in Land Tenure and Social Transformation in the Middle East. Khalidi, Tarif (edited by). Beirut: American University in Beirut, 1984. 141-168.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Mamluken” in Lexikon der Islamischen Welt. Kreiser, Klaus (edited by). Vol. 2. Urban-Taschenbücher. Stuttgart, Berlin, Köln, and Mainz: Verlag W. Kohlhammer, 1974. 148-150.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Medieval Muslim Perceptions of Pharaonic Egypt” in Ancient Egyptian Literature: History and Forms. Loprieno, Antonio (edited by). Probleme der Ägyptologie; 10. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1996. 605-627.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Regicide and ‘The Law of the Turks'” in Intellectual Studies on Islam: Essays Written in Honor of Martin B. Dickson. Mazzaoui, Michel M. (edited by). Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1990. 127-135.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Ein Damaszener Reisender des 13. Jahrhunderts an der Wolga” in Festschrift für Wilhelm Lettenbauer zum 75. Geburtstag. Mestan, Antonin (edited by). Freiburg I Br.: U. W. Weiher, 1982. 29-38.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “The Late Triumph of the Persian Bow: Critical Voices on the Mamluk Monopoly on Weaponry” in The Mamluks in Egyptian Politics and Society. Philipp, Thomas (edited by). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. 174-187.

King, David A. “Mamluk Astronomy and the Institution of the Muwaqqit” in The Mamluks in Egyptian Politics and Society. Philipp, Thomas (edited by). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. 153-162.

Berkey, Jonathan P. “The Mamluks as Muslims: The Military Elite and the Construction of Islam in Medieval Egypt” in The Mamluks in Egyptian Politics and Society. Philipp, Thomas (edited by). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. 163-173.

Raymond, André. “The Residential Districts of Cairo’s Elite in the Mamluk and Ottoman Periods (Fourteenth to Eighteenth Centuries)” in The Mamluks in Egyptian Politics and Society. Philipp, Thomas (edited by). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. 207-223.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Joseph’s Law–The Careers and Activities of Mamluk Descendants before the Ottoman Conquest of Egypt” in The Mamluks in Egyptian Politics and Society. Philipp, Thomas (edited by). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. 55-84.

Lutfi, Huda. “Coptic Festivals of the Nile: Aberrations of the Past?” in The Mamluks in Egyptian Politics and Society. Philipp, Thomas (edited by). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. 254-282.

Holt, P. M. “Literary Offerings: A Genre of Courtly Literature” in The Mamluks in Egyptian Politics and Society. Philipp, Thomas (edited by). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. 3-16.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Die Leiden des Qadi Ibn As-Sa’ig: Ein Beitrag zur Sozialgeschichte der Stadt Damaskus im 13. Jahrhundert” in Studien zur Geschichte und Kultur des Vorderen Orients: Festschrift für Berthold Spuler zum siebzigsten Geburtstag. Roemer, Hans Robert (edited by). Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1981. 108-122.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Turkish Legends in the Popular Historiography of Medieval Egypt” in Proceedings of the VIth Congress of Arabic and Islamic Studies. Rundgren, Frithiof (edited by). Visby and Stockholm, 13-19 August 1972. Kungl. Vitterhets Historie och Antikvitets Akademiens, Filologisk-filosofiska serien; 15. Stockholm: Almqvist and Wiksell International/Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1975. 97-107.

Haarmann, Ulrich. “Krokodile aus Holz und Krokodile aus Marmor: Altägyptisches in einem marokkanischen Pilgerbericht des vierzehnten Jahrhunderts” in Meilenstein: Festgabe für Herbert Donner zum 16. Februar 1995. Weippert, Manfred (edited by). Ägypten und Altes Testament; 30. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 1995. 60-72.

Notes on Professor Wilfried Stanzer

Stanzer is a noted collector and author.

Chairman of ICOC International Committee of Oriental Carpets until 10th ICOC Washington 2003 when he retired.

Stanzer is best known as a expert on Moroccan Rugs and Carpets.

Former Chairman of the Austrian Rug Society TKF.

1995 winner of the The Joseph V. McMullan Award

Rug Societies

“Moroccan Tribal Carpets From the Region of Bushad”. Hamburg/Berlin ICOC7 1993.

Stanzer, W. Kordi. Leben Knupfen Weben Der Kurden Khorasans / Lives Rugs Flatweaves of the Kurds of Khorasan. 1997,

Stanzer, Wilfred et al. Antique Oriental Carpets from Austrian Collections Vienna 1986.

Stanzer, Wilfried: Berber Tribal Carpets and Weavings from Morocco ; Graz: 1991.

Stanzer, Wilfried: Kordi: Lives-Rugs-Flatweaves of the Kurds in Khorasan ; Wien: 1988.

Butterweck, G., Kryza-Gersch, F., Neuber, E., Roth, F.O., Stanzer, W., & Trimbacher, P. Anitique Anatolian Carpets

Stanzer, Wilfried 1988 Kordi: Leben, Knüpfen, Weben der Kurden Khorasans. Eigenverlag, Vienna.

Project AIT KHOZEMA, carpets and flatweaves done in 150 years old technic and tradition.

Seen on www.Cloudband.com

AUSTRIA’S NEW CARPET PROFESSOR

Wilfried Stanzer, the International Conference on Oriental Carpets’ (ICOC) Vice President, was recently given the title of ‘Professor’ by Austria’s President, Thomas Klestil. The honorific, one of the highest that can be given in Austria, is in recognition of Stanzer’s enormous contribution to rug and carpet studies, particularly within the Moroccan sphere. During the award ceremony, Elisabeth Gehrer, the Minister for Education, Science and Culture, spoke glowingly of Stanzer’s work as a film-maker in Afghanistan and of his passion in the field of Moroccan weaving.

Stanzer’s championing of Moroccan rugs and textiles is well known. The current boom in this field can perhaps be attributed to his great efforts to promote the weaving traditions of the Maghreb to a wider audience. In 1995, he organised The First International Conference on Moroccan Carpets, a great success that was to turn many dealers and collectors to the field. This September, another conference is planned in Marrakesh, together with exhibitions of the world’s leading collections. In addition, Stanzer has reintroduced natural dyeing to villages in the High Atlas, where he oversees the production of first-class rugs in which traditional Moroccan designs are rendered in a contemporary manner.

The accolade confirms Stanzer’s position as the latest in a long line of world renowned Austrian carpet scholars and further establishes his book Berber as a pioneering work in the field. NP

Notes on R. Stephen Humphreys

Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara.

PhD, University of Michigan, 1969

Field: Middle East — Islamic and Middle Eastern history (with emphasis on the formative and middle periods, ca. 600-1500); Crusades. Religion and politics in the modern Islamic world.

Current Research: The emergence of Arab-Muslim society in Damascus and Aleppo, 635-1260 and early Islamic historiography (8th-9th cens.)

Between Memory And Desire: The Middle East In A Troubled Age (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999)

Islamic History: A Framework for Inquiry (Princeton, 1991)

The Crisis of the Early Caliphate, Vol. 15 in The History of al-Tabari (SUNY, 1990)

Tradition and Innovation in Late Antiquity (co-edited with F. M. Clover; U. of Wisconsin, 1989)

From Saladin to the Mongols: The Ayyubids of Damascus, 1193-1260 (SUNY, 1977)

Humphreys, R. Stephen. “Dawiyya and Isbitariyya” in The Encyclopaedia of Islam. 2d edition. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1981. Supplement, 204-206.

Humphreys, R. Stephen. “The Emergence of the Mamluk Army” in SI. Vol. 45; 46. 1977; 1977. 67-99; 147-182.

Humphreys, R. Stephen. “The Expressive Intent of the Mamluk Architecture of Cairo: A Preliminary Essay” in SI. Vol. 35. 1972. 69-119.

Humphreys, R. Stephen. “The Fiscal Administration of the Mamluk Empire” in Islamic History: A Framework for Inquiry. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1991. 169-186 (Chap. 7).

Humphreys, R. Stephen. “Review of Middle Eastern Cities: A Symposium on Ancient, Islamic, and Contemporary Middle Eastern Urbanism, edited by Ira M. Lapidus” in JAOS. Vol. 92: No. 1. 1972. 119-122.

Humphreys, R. Stephen. “Review of Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti, by Elizabeth M. Sartain” in Journal of Near Eastern Studies. Vol. 38. 1979. 74-76.

Humphreys, R. Stephen. “Ayyubids, Mamluks, and the Latin East in the Thirteenth Century” in MSR. Vol. 2. 1998. 1-17. Humphreys, R. Stephen. “Review of Studies in Memory of Gaston Wiet, edited by Myriam Rosen-Ayalon” in JAOS. Vol. 101. 1981. 224-225.

Humphreys, R. Stephen. “Review of Egypt and Syria in the Fatimid, Ayyubid and Mamluk Eras, edited by Urbain Vermeulen and Daniel De Smet” in MSR. Vol. 2. 1998. 245-248.

Humphreys, R. Stephen. “Review of Les marchés du Caire: Traduction annotée du texte de Maqrizi, by André Raymond and Gaston Wiet” in Middle East Studies Association Bulletin. Vol. 15: No. 2. 1981. 63-65.

Humphreys, R. Stephen. From Saladin to the Mongols: The Ayyubids of Damascus, 1193-1260. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1977.

Humphreys, R. Stephen. “Egypt in the World System of the Later Middle Ages” in The Cambridge History of Egypt. Vol.1: Islamic Egypt, 640-1517. Petry, Carl F. (edited by). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. 445-461.

Notes on Ralph Kaffel

Important collector of Oriental Carpets.

Ralph Kaffel is a new ACOR board member as of 1998.

Kaffel, Ralph. Caucasian Prayer Rugs. London, UK. Laurence King in Association with Hali, 1998.

Kaffel, Ralph, Contributing Editors, Hali The International Magazine of Antique Carpet and Textile Art.

On a personal note Kaffel is both a gentleman and a scholar. There are few people who have worked longer, harder and more systematically than Ralph to learn about rugs. It is a pleasure to speak with Ralph and to learn from his vast knowledge. I certainly appreciate the help he is willing to give to relative newcomers like myself.

A Conversation with Ralph and Linda Kaffel,” ORR Staff, Oriental Rug Review, X/4/6-11

Ralph Kaffel has been partners for over twenty-six years with Saul Zaentz, Al Bendich, and Frank Noonan. They owned Fantasy Records then the worlds largest jazz record company. The also own the rights to the music of Creedence Clearwater Revival, the largest selling American 4 person group of all time. They have also had a major impact in the movie industry where they have produced:

The English Patient,

Amadeus,

One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest,

The Lord of the Rings,

Amadeus, The Unbearable Lightness of Being,

The Mosquito Coast

Payday, and others.

Kaffel, Ralph. Caucasian Prayer Rugs. London, UK. Laurence King in Association with Hali, 1998.

“Prayer Rugs” by Ralph Kaffel was a pleasant surprise. Instead of just another pseudo-scientific rehash of someone else’s field work Kaffel has presented us with a lesson in connoisseurship. All too often someone will read all the literature and present their distillation as fact. In “Prayer Rugs” Kaffel show us his sources and when there is disagreement he shows us the differences in opinion. In the discussion of Daghestan Prayer rugs he even gives us the opinions of auction house specialists such as Mary Jo Otsea and Jo Kris. This book is not ethnology or anthropology it is about collecting Caucasian Prayer rugs and in the light it gets a solid 5 stars.

Guest Review: Daniel DSD.

Ralph Kaffel’s book “Caucasian Prayer Rugs” not a 5 stars but a 6 stars book.

I have read for the second time Ralph Kaffel’s book “Caucasian Prayer Rugs”, and it is a pleasure to report that the whole book is of very high quality. This outstanding book serves both as a primer for the freshman collector and an exceptionally addition to the expert’s library. One need no look deeper than the cover to be appealed to the aesthetic merit of the rugs shown. Photographs are excellent and commentaries on the 97 prayer rugs are accurate and particular informative. Description of designs, colors and structural features particular to each weaving area are a worthy read.

Notes on Raymond Benardout

Raymond Benardout has always been a mystery to me. Sure he has an old reputation and has written extensively on rugs. But what always bothered me was how people would get back to me and tell me that Raymond is saying this about me or Raymond is saying that about me. Raymond Benardout has never met me so how can he have much to say. I will note however that Chris Fager (see note below) thinks highly of Benardout and Chris is a good fellow.

London UK Dealer and author for many years, now in Los Angeles.

Raymond Benardout, Born in London England in 1942 and married to Linda Berlin Benardout circa 1966.

In 1995 Benardout and his wife Linda moved to Beverly Hills where they have a shop on Melrose Place. Benardout organized the Collectors Exhibition at ACOR3 and published Woven Stars.

Books

Benardout, Raymond. Catalogue of Turkoman Weaving Including Beluch 1974 London

Benardout, Raymond Turkish Rugs London UK: Raymond Benardout, 1975

Benardout, Raymond: Tribal and Nomadic Rugs. London UK: Raymond Benardout, 1976

Benardout, Raymond. Nomadic Persian and Turkoman Weaving. London UK: Raymond Benardout, 1977.

Benardout, Raymond Exhibition Catalogue 23 Oct – 4 Nov 1978 London UK: Raymond Benardout, 1978

Benardout, Raymond Exhibition Catalogue 11th-24th November, 1979 London UK: Raymond Benardout. 1979.

Benardout, Raymond Antique Rugs. Benardout Ltd. 1983.

Benardout, Raymond Antique Rugs. London UK: Raymond Benardout, 1985. (4th International Conference on Carpets) Several collector essays

Benardout, Raymond ed. Woven Stars Los Angeles 1996 Exhibition catalog of rugs and textiles from Southern California collections on display during ACOR III. Essay by local collectors.

ACOR 3 Preview

83 Rug Notes

Dear Barry,

I’m delighted to hear about this activity for I have always found your information to be helpful and informative.

I did have the chance to check your dealer recommendations and for your Southern California section I suggest you consider listing Mr. Raymond Benardout (Raymond Benardout Gallery, 8409 Melrose Place, Los Angeles, CA 90069, 323 655 2783). Located in the heart of the Los Angeles rug district,

Mr. Benardout has an exceptional inventory with great appeal for collectors. Indeed, I don’t know another antique carpet and textile dealer in Los Angeles proper with so many striking, collectible pieces. Additionally, Raymond has a vast knowledge of the field and an impeccable list of professional achievements– owing to his more than 40 years in the business and most of it spent in textile crucible of London. And, topping it all off, he is an honest man committed to fair dealing. Having dealt with dealers all over the world, I can assure you Mr. Benardout is more than worthy of a recommendation.

I’m working on some new projects –including teaching a course on carpets this fall at the UCLA Extension (Architecture and Interior Design Department)– and will be sending you some queries soon.

Notes on Richard D. Parsons

Richard D. Parsons has written the single best book on the rugs of Afghanistan. He was the buyer for OCM and has a detailed knowledge of what was in the Afghan market in the 1970s. Parsons now operates a carpet shop in Hong Kong.

Parsons, R. D. Oriental Rugs Volume 3 The Carpets of Afghanistan. Woodbridge: Antique Collectors Club, 1983, 3rd ed. 1994.

The best book on the rugs of Afghanistan. Parsons was the buyer in Afghanistan for OCM and his in-depth knowledge shows all through the book. This book is a must for Afghan, Baluch, and Turkoman, collectors. Afghan Rugs

Notes on The Carpets of Afghanistan

From the Publisher

Oriental Rugs Vol.3 – Afghanistan

The author provides a new introduction and two additional chapters dealing with the huge refugee problem and consequent changes in carpet production.

Forty supplementary colour plates illustrate and enhance this new material which, combined with the original text and illustrations, guide the keen collector and the first-time buyer through a labyrinth of fascinating choices.

Author Richard Parsons, for many years buyer in Afghanistan for the well-known firm O.C.M. (London) Ltd., treats the reader to not only a veritable feast of carpets and rugs, all with their attendant tribal origins and motifs vividly explained, but also to a fascinating journey through the history of a diverse, colourful, multiracial country.

The author shares his respect and admiration for Afghanistan’s stoic people, who somehow, despite political upheavals, forced resettlement, a harsh climate, and often primitive nomadic living conditions, manage to fashion exquisite works of art which reflect their pride in their many-faceted heritage. Afghan rugs, which are instantly appealing due to their traditional colours and bold designs, open up a whole new vista for the collector, from sumptuous piled purdahs to flat woven prayer rugs.

The Author

On completing his National Service in Egypt, Richard Parsons spent some time with the Colonial Service, before joining a Mining Finance house and working for several years in West Africa before being posted to Teheran. Here he fell in love with Oriental carpets and on completion of his assignment in Iran, faced with the prospect of a London office, he abandoned his career for the carpet trade, to the consternation of his family and friends.

He subsequently joined the prestigious firm of Oriental Carpet Wholesalers in the U.K., whose agents buy from all over the carpet- making world for sale in the U.K. and redistribution all over the world. After training at the London warehouse and in Iran, he was sent to Afghanistan as assistant buyer. He soon took over full responsibilities staying on in Afghanistan until 1979, when that country was occupied by the Soviet Union, then went as buyer to Pakistan, where he lived and worked until the end of 1981. Richard Parsons now works in Hong Kong.

His knowledge and love of Afghan rugs have prompted him to devote a great deal of time researching, writing and recording for posterity the details of rug production and tribal history in that remote but beautiful country.

Notes on Richard Nelson Frye

Born 1920

Aga Khan Professor of Iranian-Emeritus Near Eastern Languages & Civilizations. Professor Central Asian history.

Ph.D. Harvard University, 1946.

I have it from a reliable CA source that Frye was with the OSS in WWII. No indication of later involvement.

Area of interest: Iranian philology, history of Iran and Central Asia before 1000.

Books:

Frye, Richard Nelson – Bukhara: The Medieval Achievement 1965 Univ. Oklahoma Press

Frye Richard N., (ED.): Corpus Inscriptionum Iranicarum, vol. III, Dura-Europos, London 1968,

Frye Richard N., The Golden Age of Persia. Weidenfeld. London. 1993. Pbk. 289pp.

Frye Richard N., The Golden Age Of Persia: The Arabs in the East. Illus. in B&W. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson (History of Civilization). 1993.

Frye, Richard Nelson, 1920-Title: The heritage of Central Asia from antiquity to the Turkish expansion. Princeton : Markus Wiener Publishers, 1996.

Frye Richard N., The Heritage of Persia: The pre-Islamic History of One of the World’s Great Civilizations New York: The World Publishing Company, 1963

Frye Richard N., The Histories of Nishapur , HARVARD ORIENTAL SERIES, DEPARTMENT OF SANSKRIT AND INDIAN STUDIES and distributed by the HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, and London, UK. 1965.

Frye Richard N., IRAN. George Allen and Unwin London 1960 126pp.

Frye Richard N., Bukhara, The Medieval Achievement. University Of Oklahoma Press Norman, Oklahoma 1965

Frye Richard N., (ED.): The Near East and the Great Powers. . Harvard University Press Massachusetts 1951

Frye Richard N., (ED.): Neue Methodologie in der Iranistik, Wiesbaden 1974.

Frye Richard N., NOTES ON THE EARLY COINAGE OF TRANSOXIANA. Numismatic Notes, 113. New York: American Numismatic Association

Frye Richard N., Persia. (3d ed.) London: Allen and Unwin, 1969.

Frye Richard N., Sasanian Remains from Qasr-i Abu Nasr. Seals, Sealings, and Coins. Harvard University Cambridge, MA 1973 4to in cloth. 133 pg. of text, 457 illustrations.

Thomas, Lewis V. and Frye Richard N., The United States and Turkey and Iran. Archon Books 1971

Articles:

The History of Bukhara by Narshaki – By Richard N. Frye – Central Asia

HEIRS OF THE ACHAEMENIDS

Frye; History of Ancient Iran

Frye, Richard , Prof. Harvard Moderator, Title:  “Can Israel Survive?” Date:  October 10, 1952, Speakers:  Dorothy Thompson, Newspaper Correspondent, Faris Malouf, Boston Lawyer, Hon. Aubrey S. Eban, Israeli Ambassador.

Frye Richard N., “General Remarks on the pre-Tang Silk Road.” The Third Silk Road Conference at Yale University July 10 – 12, 1998

Bulletin of the Asia Institute Vol. IV Aspects of Iranian Culture: In Honor of Richard Nelson Frye. Edited by Carol Altman Bromberg, Bernard Goldman, Prods Oktor Skjærvø, and A. Sh. Shahbazi. Richard Nelson Frye: An Appreciation, A. Sh. Shahbazi Bibliography of Richard Nelson Frye.

Bulletin of the Asia Institute INSTITUTE 10 (June 1998), Studies in Honor of Vladimir A. Livshits. Ivan Steblin-Kamenskii and Richard Nelson Frye, “Vladimir Aronovich Livshits”.

PUBLICATION- Livshits Festschrift, Bulletin of the Asia Institute, 10 Richard Nelson Frye and Prods Oktor Skjaervo, “The Middle Persian Inscription from Meshkinshahr”.

Frye Richard N., “Ancient Bukhara”, Conference: “Bukhara: the Sources,the Myth, the Architecture and the Urban Fabric” MIT 9th and 10th of November, 1996.

The Cambridge History of Iran:Vol. 4 – The Period from the Arab Invasions to the Seljuqs, Richard N. Frye, ed.

In 1994 Professor Frye donated archaeology and history journals to the Sabre Foundation.


Notes on Richard Lionel Tapper

Prof. Richard Tapper, Head of the Department of Sociology & Anthropology, SOAS

PhD Anthropology University of London 1972

Prof SOAS U of London.

Tapper spent a year with the Shahsevan in 1964 and 1965.

Tapper, Richard, Pasture and Politics: Economics, Conflict and Ritual Among Shahsevan Nomads of Northwestern Iran, Academic Press, London. 1979

Tapper, Richard, Nomads in a Wider Society, Cultural Survival Quarterly, vol. 8, pp. 23-25. 1984

Tapper, Richard, Baluchistan, Encyclopedia Iranica, vol. 3, pp. 598-632. 1989

Tapper, Richard, FRONTIER NOMADS OF IRAN. A political and social history of the Shahsevan. Cambridge, Cambridge Univ. Press, 1997. ca. 438 p., 9 half-tones, 9 maps

Tapper, Richard, ed. Islam in Modern Turkey: Religion, Politics, and Literature in a Secular State. London: Tauris, 1991.

Tapper, Richard, & MCLACHLAN, KEITH TECHNOLOGY, TRADITION AND SURVIVAL. Aspects of material culture in the Middle East and Central Asia. 1999. 224 p., ills., map.

Tapper, Richard, (éd.) 1983. – The conflict of tribe and state in Iran and Afghanistan. – London UK.; Canberra: Croom Helm; New York: St.Martin’s Press. – 463 p.

Richard Tapper, “Golden Tent-pegs: Settlement and Change among Nomads in Afghan Turkistan”. In S. Akiner (ed.), Cultural Change and Continuity in Central Asia. London: Kegan Paul, 1991, pp. 198-217.

Tapper, Richard, SOME MINORITIES IN THE MIDDLE EAST. R. TAPPER (Ed.). OCCASIONAL PAPER IX. LONDON: CNMES/SOAS, 1992.

Tapper: Frontier Nomads of Iran: A Political and Social History of Shahsevan (Willem Floor)    page 542. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ORIENTAL SOCIETY Volume 119 / Number 3/ July-September 1999

Tapper, Richard. Frontier Nomads of Iran,A Political and Social History of the Shahsevan. Cambridge Univ. Press. 1997.

This is a splendid book. Tapper takes 35 years study of the Shahsevan and translates his work into written form. This book is meant to be the definitive book on Shahsevan. Tapper has deeply researched the other books in the field and through references and footnotes he surveys the other work in detail.

Tapper’s section on the origin of the Shahsevan is deeply troubling. I freely admit that Tapper has studied the Shahsevan since I was in grade school but his argument seems to contain flaws. It is as though Tapper is so set on refuting James J. Reid’s Tribalism and Society in Islamic Iran that he goes too far in the opposite direction. I am concerned that he is less than clear on tribal and political terms. Some of his conclusions seem based on one meaning of words with several.

From the Publisher

Description

Richard Tapper’s book, which is based on three decades of ethnographic fieldwork and extensive documentary research, traces the political and social history of the Shahsevan, one of the major nomadic peoples of Iran. The story is a dramatic one, recounting the mythical origins of the tribes, their unification as a confederacy, and their decline under the Pahlavi Shahs. The book is intended as a contribution to three different debates. The first concerns the riddle of Shahsevan origins, while another considers how far changes in tribal social and political formations are a function of relations with states. The third discusses how different constructions of the identity of a particular people determine their view of the past. In this way, the book promises not only to make a major contribution to the history and anthropology of the Middle East and Central Asia, but also to current theoretical debates in both disciplines.

What has been said about Frontier Nomads of Iran

‘This book is a study of considerable erudition and practical good sense, the result of extensive documentary research and intensive fieldwork … much enriched by historical detail and pertinent comment … it is remarkable how much this demanding but informative study conveys to the reader with great integrity, clarity and judgement.’ Asian Affairs

Chapter Contents

Writing tribal history; Part I. The Safavid State and the Origins of the Shahsevan: 2. ‘Shahsevan’: Safavid tribal policy and practice; 3. Shahsevan traditions; 4. Moghan and Ardabil in Safavid times; Part II. The Rise of the Shahsevan Confederacy: 5. Badr Khan Sari-Khan-Beyli; 6. Nazar ‘Ali Khan Shahsevan of Ardabil; 7. The Shahsevan tribal confederacy; Part III. The Shahsevan Tribes in the Great Game: 8. The Russian wars and the loss of Moghan; 9. The Shahsevan nomads in the mid-nineteenth century; 10. Nomads and commissars in Moghan; Part IV. The End of the Tribal Confederacy: 11. Pastures new: the effects of the frontier closure; 12. The Shahsevan, the Constitution, the Great War and after; 13. Settlement and detribalization; 14. Shahsevan identity and history.

Tapper, Richard (Editor).

The New Iranian Cinema: Politics, Representation and Identity. Palgrave Macmillan 2002, ISBN: 1860648037, Dimensions (inches): 1.0×6.25×9.25 Paperback

From the Publisher:

Iranian cinema is today widely recognized not merely as a distinctive national cinema, but as one of the most innovative in the world. This international stature both fascinates Western observers and appears paradoxical in line with perceptions of Iran as anti-modern. The largely Iranian contributors to this book look in depth at how Iranian cinema became a true “world cinema.” From a range of perspectives, they explore cinema’s development in post Revolution Iran and its place in Iranian culture.

Notes on Robert de Calatchi

Robert de Calatchi was born in Izmir Turkey in 1908. Born into a prominent family of Italian diplomats de Calatchi grew up with a familiarity with the Middle East and with Oriental carpets.

de Calatchi opened a carpet gallery in Paris and became a leading European dealer. He was well known for a number of popular shows and books. His first book was Calatchi, Robert / Brunhammer, Yvonne: Le Tapis. Art Abstrait. Collection R. de Calatchi. Paris, Musée des Arts Décoratifs, 1955. But of much greater popularity and far greater reach was his book Calatchi, Robert de. Tapis D’Orient. Histoire, Esthétique, Symbolisme. Paris 1967. It was published in English as Oriental Carpets and in German as Orientteppiche.

“THE ROBERT DE CALATCHI COLLECTION OF FINE ORIENTAL RUGS SOTHEBY’S LONDON – OCTOBER 4, 2000

The Robert de Calatchi collection to be sold at Sotheby’s in London on October 4, 2000 represents an outstanding group of oriental rugs and carpets, the legacy of one man’s connoisseurship and passion. Robert de Calatchi, who lived and worked in Paris, turned his personal interest into a thriving business which enjoyed international renown.

The pieces in Robert de Calatchi’s collection are all of the highest quality. His academic approach is evident from the strong focus of the collection on the East, including Oriental, Caucasian and Persian items, although at the same time the collection is eclectic in its variety and encyclopedic in its range. Of particular importance are the exemplary group of 26 Senneh rugs from Kurdistan, West Persia, and the varied selection of Caucasian rugs. Examples include an attractive Senneh rug, circa 1890 (est: £6,000/8,000), a very striking Kazak Karatchop rug, West Caucasus, second half of the 19th century (est: £8,000/12,000) and from North East Caucasus, a late 17th century Kuba long rug (est: £7,000/10,000).

One of the highlights of the collection is a Heriz silk carpet from North West Persia and dating from circa 1880. It is estimated to fetch £25,000/35,000, as is a late 16th century Esfahan carpet fragment from Central Persia. Among the Chinese carpets is a Ninghsia rug. Dating from the late 17th century it is estimated to fetch £7,000/10,000.

THE ROBERT DE CALATCHI COLLECTION OF FINE ORIENTAL RUGS SOTHEBY’S LONDON – OCTOBER 4, 2000

“By those who were fortunate enough to have known Robert de Calatchi, he will be remembered as a man who was deeply passionate about carpets. He was born in 1908 in Izmir, Turkey into a family of Italian diplomats. His interest in carpets was manifested from the age of 16 and he was clearly captivated by the carpets he saw in Turkey. He settled in Paris in 1927, and in 1934 he opened a gallery on boulevard Hausmann. He went on to organize many exhibitions, including one held in 1955 in the Maison pavilion of the Louvre and, in subsequent years, shows at the Breva Palace in Milan, the Delft Museum in Holland and the Palazzo Strozzi in Florence.

His intriguing collection includes no less than 26 late-19th-century Senneh rugs from Kurdistan in northwest Persia, some of which are woven using the region’s famous multi-coloured silk warps. There is also a varied selection of good Caucasian rugs from all of the area’s weaving districts, ranging in date from the 18th century to the early 20th century. A fine 19th-century silk carpet with a highly decorative, bold design heads the group of Persian town rugs woven in both wool and silk. A beautiful Esfahan carpet fragment woven on silk warps can be dated to the 16th century and provides a superb example of Classical Safavid weaving. Other weaving areas are also represented, and overall the collection represents an eclectic array of fine rugs.

Jonathan Wadsworth is head of the Rugs & Carpets department, Sotheby’s London.” Sneak Preview – The Robert de Calatchi Collection of Fine Oriental Rugs & Carpets

Calatchi, R. de. Oriental Rugs. 1970.

Calatchi, Robert de. Oriental Carpets. Secaucus 1979.

De Calatchi, Robert Oriental Carpets Rutland Vermont: Charles E. Tuttle Company, 1967 Several later editions and reprints.

Good general rug book book. de Calatchi has excellent insight and the book is valuable for that reason but the pictures are not great

Calatchi, Robert / Brunhammer, Yvonne: Le Tapis. Art Abstrait. Collection R. de Calatchi. Paris, Musée des Arts Décoratifs, 1955.

Not reviewed yet.

Calatchi, Robert: Orientteppiche. Geschichte, Ästhetik, Symbolik. Aus dem Französischen Mnch. Callwey, 1968.

Not reviewed yet.

Calatchi, Robert de. Tapis D’Orient. Histoire, Esthétique, Symbolisme. Paris 1967.

Not reviewed yet.

Notes on Richard Ettinghausen

The late Professor Dr. Richard Ettinghausen was one of the great scholars in Islamic art. Perhaps his most influential work was “The Art and Architecture of Islam 650-1250” that he wrote with Oleg Grabar. Professor Ettinghausen came to the US in December of 1934.

Richard Ettinghausen until his death was one of the world’s top experts in Islamic Art. Longtime member of the Princeton Rug Society.

Rug Societies

The Joseph V. McMullan Award

Ettinghausen, Richard. The Islamic Garden

Ettinghausen & Grabar The Art and Architecture of Islam 650-1250. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1994.

Ettinghausen, R., Dimand, M.S., Mackie, L.W., & Ellis, C.G. Prayer Rugs. Textile Museum 1974,

Ettinghausen, R. Turkey – Ancient Miniatures. Paris: 1961.

Ettinghausen, Richard Masterpieces from Turkey. Zurich 1966. Supplement to Art Treasures from Turkey.

Ettinghausen, Richard: June 1970 Islamic Carpets, The Joseph V. McMullan Collection ; NY: 1970.

Ettinghausen et al. Tales From a King’s Book of Kings. Corning Museum of Art / Baltimore Museum of Art,1973.

Ettinghausen, R. Ancient Carpets From The Collection of the L.A. Mayer Memorial Institute for ?

Ettinghausen, R. et al. Art Treasures of Turkey .Washington D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, 1966.

Ettinghausen, R. Turkey – Ancient Miniatures Paris: UNESCO World Art series, 1961.

Ettinghausen “On Some Mongol Miniatures.” Kunst des Orients 3 (1959): 56-65.

Ettinghausen “Persian Ascension Miniatures of the Fourteenth Century.” Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei I 2 (1957): 360-83

Ettinghausen “Some Paintings in Four Istanbul Albums.” An Orientalis I (1954): 9I-103

Ettinghausen, Richard. “New Affiliations for a Classical Persian Pottery Type.” Parnassus 8 (1936): to.

Ettinghausen, Richard. “New Light on Early Animal Carpets.” In Aus der Welt der Islamischen Kunst.- Festschriftftir Ernst Kuhnel, ed. R. Ettinghausen. Berlin, 1959. PP- 93-l16.

Ettinghausen, Richard. “Notes on the Lusterware of Spain.” Ars Orientalis I (1954): 145-8.

Ettinghausen, Richard. ” The Covers of the Morgan Manafi’ Manuscript and Other Early Persian Bookbindings.” In Studies in Art and Literature for Belle Da Costa Greene. Princeton, 1954. PP. 459-73

Ettinghausen, Richard. ” The Emperor’s Choice.” In De Artibus Qpuscula XL: Essays in Honor of Envin Panofsky, ed. Millard Meiss. New York, 1961. Pp. 98 – 120.

Ettinghausen, Richard. “The Impact of Muslim Decorative Arts and Painting on the Arts of Europe.” In The Legacy of Islam, ed. Joseph Schacht and C. E. Bosworth. Oxford, 1974. PP. 290-320.

Ettinghausen, Richard. An Illuminated Manuscript of Hafiz-i Abrfiin Istanbul. Part I. “Kunst des Oli-ts 2 (19S5): 30-44.

Ettinghausen, Richard. Arab Painting. Geneva, 1962. The Bustan Manuscript of Sultan Nasir-Shah Khalji.” Marg 12 (1958): 40-3

Fraad. Irma L., and Richard Ettinghausen. “Sultanate Painting in Persian Style, Primarily from the First Half of the Fifteenth Century: A Preliminary Study.” Chhavi (1972): 48-66.

Ettinghausen, Richard. Arab Painting. New York: Rizzoli, 1977. Geneva: Editions d’Art Albert Skira, 1962, 1977

Ettinghausen, Richard. “Further Comments on Mamluk Playing Cards” in Gatherings in Honor of Dorothy E. Miner. McCracken, Ursula E. et al. (edited by).

Baltimore: The Walters Art Gallery, 1974. 51-78.

Ettinghausen, Richard. “Review of Islamic Armourers and Their Works, by L. A. Mayer” in Der Islam. Vol. 41. 1965. 282-283.

Ettinghausen, Richard. “Review of Le baptistère de Saint Louis, by D. S. Rice” in Ars Orientalis. Vol. 1. 1954. 245-249. Reprinted in his Islamic Art and Archaeology: Collected Papers (Berlin: Gebr. Mann Verlag, 1984).

Ettinghausen, Richard Oriental Carpets in The Clark Collection, The Clark Collections, pp. 84-86. The Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington. 1978

Ettinghausen, Richard. Arab Painting Geneva, 1977.

Ettinghausen, Richard. Arab Painting Lausanne, 1962.


Notes on Robert H. Nooter

Born 1927

Robert Harry, and Nancy Ingram Nooter

Member of the Board Textile Museum Washington DC.

Member Commission of the National Museum of African Art.

Member Council on Foreign Relations.

Member the Commission of the National Museum of African Art.

Consultant to the World Bank.

THE RECORD

OCTOBER 19,1976

LYNDON B. JOHNSON SCHOOL OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS, THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN

EDITOR Hoyt H. Purvis

Robert H. Nooter, assistant administrator for the Bureau for the Near East of the Agency for International Development (AID), will speak at a schoolwide seminar at the LBJ School on Wednesday, October 27 at 4 p.m. Mr. Nooter’s topic will be “Development Trends—An Overview.” He has been with AID and the State Department since 1962.

Robbins, Warren M., and Nooter, Nancy Ingram, “African Art in American Collections”. (Smithsonian Publication), 1985.

Nooter, Nancy; Nooter, Robert, The Art of Collecting African Art, Washington DC: Museum for African Art. May 1, 1988 ISBN 0961458798

Notes on Robert L. Canfield

Education University of Michigan PhD 1971;

Professor of Anthropology Washington University in Saint Louis.

Specialty: Political anthropology, peasant society, ethnicity and symbolism, historical anthropology; Afghanistan, Central Asia and Eastern Islamic World.

Hauner,Milan, & Robert L. Canfield., eds. Afghanistan and the Soviet Union: Collision and Transformation. Boulder: Westview Press, 1989. 219pp,

Shahrani, M. Nazif and Robert L. Canfield, editors Revolution and Rebellions in Afghanistan: Anthropological Perspectives. Berkeley Institute of International Studies 1984. Published in conjunction with the University of California. Glossary, extensive bibliography, index. Illustrated by Maps.

Robert Canfield

Briefing on Afghanistan by Robert L. Canfield. AACAR BULLETIN VOL. III, NO. 1, SPRING 1990.

Canfield Robert L. Turko Persia in Historical Perspective. New York: Cambridge University Press. 1991. School of American Research Advanced Seminar Series.

Canfield Robert L. Faction and Conversion in a Plural Society : Religious Alignments in the Hindu Kush Anthropological Papers, No 50 1973.

Shahrani M. Nazif. Canfield Robert L.(Editor) Revolutions & Rebellions in Afghanistan : Anthropological Perspectives. Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, University of California, Berkeley, c1984. Series title: Research series University of California, Berkeley. Institute of International Studies; no. 57.

Notes on Robert McChesney

Professor of Middle Eastern Studies at New York University.

Ph.D. from Princeton in 1973.

Editor of Iranian Studies.

Central Asia: Foundations of Change (1997),

Balkh in the Late Middle Ages (1993, ed. and trans. from the Russian work of A. Mukhtarov, with Nadia Jamal & Michael Lustig),

Waqf in Central Asia: Four Hundred Years in the History of a Muslim Shrine (1991),

A Way Prepared: Studies on Islam in Honor of Richard Bayly Winder (1989, ed. with Farhad Kazemi),

Chapters in Central Asia Meets the Middle East (ed. David Menashri, 1997),

Safavid Persia: The History and Politics of an Islamic Society (ed. Charles Melville, 1996), and other chapters and journal articles.

McChesney, R. D. 1997. Agriculture and the Timerud Chahargagh: The Evidence from a Medieval Persian Agricultural Manual. In Gardens in the Time of the Great Muslim Empires: Theory and Design. Attilio Petruccioli (ed). Leiden; New York: E.J. Brill.

McChesney, Robert. 1988. Four Sources on Shah Abbas’s Buildings of Isfahan. In Muqarnas V: An Annual on Islamic Art and Architecture. Oleg Grabar, ed. Leiden: E.J. Brill.

McChesney, Robert. 1997. The Royal Gardens of the Safavid Period: Types and Models. In Gardens in the Time of the Great Muslim Empires: Theory and Design. Attilio Petruccioli (ed). Leiden; New York: E.J. Brill.

Notes on Robert Pinner

I just heard from Jim Allen that Robert Pinner has died. He has lived an exceptional life and I will expand this page as I go along.

JBOC 11/20/2004

Robert Pinner is one of the great men in the study of Oriental Carpets. His list of accomplishments only hints at the contribution he has made.

Pinner is a globetrotting rug expert, author, and lecturer. He has been involved in adding much to the rug world including founding Hali, OCTS, and ICOC. He has expertise in a wide range of areas including Turkmen, and early carpets. Robert is truly both a scholar and a gentleman.

A consultant  and expert on metal surface treatments.

Former joint Managing Editor.

Consultant Editors, Hali The International Magazine of Antique Carpet and Textile Art.

I believe it was Robert Pinner who quipped the Bon Mot “better weavers weave better rugs”.

International Conference on Oriental Carpets

Winner of The Joseph V. McMullan Award

Robert Pinner (picture)

Robert Pinner, Irene Good, John Wertime, and Jurg Rageth. (picture)

Gretchen Ellis with Danny Shaffer while Robert Pinner looks on. (picture)

Irene Good and Jurg Rageth listen while Robert Pinner comments at Show and Tell.(picture)

Hali Publications Ltd.

Eiland, Murray L Jr. and Pinner Robert. Oriental Carpets and Textile Studies. Volume IV

Pinner, Robert. and Denny, Walter. OCTS Vol. 3 N0. 2

  1. Wernick, R. Pinner, P. G. Shabby. The Surface Treatment and Finishing of Aluminum and Its Alloys. 5th Edition Sam Intl. 1987.

“Nancy prefers gin: an anthology of published thoughts and comments on metal finishing”.

Erdmann, Kurt. Translated by Robert Pinner: The History of the Early Turkish Carpet. London: 1977.

“Turkoman Roundtable”, Chicago: Panelist ACOR II, 1996

“Turkmen Ensis” Santa Monica: ACOR 3, 1996.

“Turkmen Pieces with Keene Designs”. Washington DC: ICOC 1980.

“Tekke Pile Rugs”. Washington DC: ICOC 1980.

Pinner, R. and M. Franses ed.: Turkoman Studies I ; London: 1980.

Pinner, R. & Denny, W. B. Oriental Carpet and Textile Studies II. 1986,

Pinner, R. & Denny, W. D. Oriental Carpet and Textile Studies III, PART I. 1987,

Pinner, Robert and W. Denny: Oriental Carpet and Textile Studies III, Part II ; London: 1989.

Pinner, Robert: The Rickmers Collection: Turkoman Rugs ; Berlin: 1993.

Franses, Michael, and Robert Pinner. “Large Medallion Suzan from Southwest Uzbekistani.” Hali 1, no. 2 (1978), pp. 128-133.

King, Donald, Robert Pinner and Michael Franses 1981 Eastern Mediterranean Carpets in the Victoria & Albert Museum, Hali, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 36 – 52. London.

Franses, Michael and Robert Pinner 1982 Chinese Carpets in the Victoria & Albert Museum: The Chinese Carpet Collection, Hali 5/2, pp. 142 – 48.

Franses, Michael and Pinner, Robert

1980 Caucasian Carpets in the Victoria and Albert Museum: The Caucasian Collection, Hali 3/2, pp. 96 – 115.

Franses, Michael , Pinner, Robert. “Mughal Floral Lattice Carpet” In “The Art of the Mughal Carpet.” Hali 4, no. 3 (1983) p. 232 – 33, 238.

Cited in: Oriental Rugs: Mughal Floral Lattice Carpet

Pinner, Robert 1980 Turkoman Rugs in the Victoria and Albert Museum, Hali, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 301-315.

Pinner, Robert 1981 The Beshir Carpets of the Bukhara Emirate: a Review, Hali, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 294-304.

Pinner, Robert 1991 Salor Ensis, Hali, vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 86-87.

The two most recent publication of Oriental Carpet and Textile Studies, or OCTS, are Volume V, Part 1 (containing the papers delivered at the 8th ICOC in Philadelphia in 1996) and Volume V, part 2 (an expansion of the special section on Salting carpets held at the Philadelphia conference).

Both were edited by Murray L. Eiland, Jr. and Robert Pinner with the assistance of the Publications Committee (Peter Andrews, John Mills, Julia Bailey and Danny Shaffer). They were published by ICOC at Danville, California, 1999.

Swan on Pinner

Wendel R. Swan has a long association with Robert Pinner and it was in Wendel’s home that I first met Pinner.

Date:     Sun, 21 Nov 2004 15:26:35 -0500

From:    “Wendel and Diane Swan”

Subject:               Robert Pinner

Dear Friends,

With a sense of deep personal loss, I must report that Robert Pinner

passed away peacefully at his home in Twickenham last night.

As the founder of ICOC, the co-founder of Hali and as a tireless energy

behind both until just recently, his influence on the world of carpets

and textiles has been enormous. Those of us who worked with him became

infected by his enthusiasm and benefited from his generosity. We also

endured, from time to time, the wrath of his extraordinarily keen mind.

That was his nature. That is why we loved him. We have lost a dear

friend.

Wendel Swan

Iain Stewart

Iain posted this to his very popular discussion group rug-fanatics

 

Hallo Rug Fanatics –

I was very sorry to hear via Barry O’Connell of the death today of

Robert Pinner, who over the past forty years contributed so much to the

Oriental carpet world.

He was co-founder (with Michael Franses) of Hali magazine, and a

driving force behind the annual International Oriental Carpet Conference

(IOCC). A fervent Turkomaniac, he wrote (also with Michael Franses) the crucial

Turkoman Studies I, and with his late wife Leslie Pinner compiled one

of the most significant private collections of Turkoman rugs, which was very

recently sold with tremendous success by Rippon Boswell Wiesbaden.

There is an overview of his innumerable achievements, plus a number of

photographs, by Barry O’Connell at /rugs/sb/cz9998.htm

Robert Pinner will be greatly missed by everyone in the Oriental rug

community, while his name and work will be remembered for as long as people collect and research the Oriental rugs he loved so passionately.

Best regards

Iain Stewart

 

With great sadness, I regret that I must tell you of the passing of

Robert Pinner, founder of ICOC and pioneer in a world that has brought

much delight and and meaning to our lives. According to Penny Oakley,

who just telephoned me from London with this news, Robert died

peacefully last night at his home in Twickenham.

Dennis Dodds

Notes on Rudi Matthee

Associate Professor of History, University of Delaware.

BA and MA in Persian and Arabic language and literature from University of Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Studied in Tehran (1976-77) and Cairo (1981-83), and received his Ph.D. in Islamic Studies from UCLA in 1991.

Taught at UCLA and University of Denver.

Member The American Numismatic Society

Rudi Matthee

Matthee, Rudi, Silk for Silver: Iran’s Silk Trade and the Safavid Political Economy, 1600-1730 Cambridge UK: Cambridge University Press, 1999

Associate Editor and Book Review Editor of Iranian Studies.

Edited Works:

With Beth Baron, Iran and Beyond: Essays in Honor of Nikki R. Keddie, (Costa Mesa: Ca.: Mazda, forthcoming 2000).

“Historiography and Representation in Safavid and Asfsharid Iran,” special issue of Iranian Studies 31:2 (1998)

With Nikki Keddie: “Iranian Studies in Europe and Japan,” special issue of Iranian Studies 20 (1987; trans. into Persian in 1992).

Guest editor, special issue, Iranian Studies,”Historiography and Representation in 16th-18th-century Iran,” vol. 31 (1999), with article in it.

Articles

“Courtesans, Prostitutes and Dancing Girls: Women Entertainers in Safavid Iran,” in Rudi Matthee and Beth Baron, eds., Iran and Beyond: Essays in Honor of Nikki R. Keddie (Costa Mesa: Ca: Mazda, forthcoming 2000), 111-140.

“Anti-Ottoman Concerns and Caucasian Interests: Diplomatic Relations between Iran and Russia under Shah `Abbas I (1587-1629), in Michael Mazzaoui, ed., Safavid Iran and the World (Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, forthcoming 2000).

“Between Venice and Surat: The Role of Gold in Late Safavid Iran,” Modern Asian Studies 34, (2000 forthcoming), 231-265.

“The Safavid, Afsharid and Zand Periods,” review article of the first seven vols. of the Encyclopaedia Iranica, forthcoming in Iranian Studies 31:3-4, (forthcoming 1999), 461-471.

“Between Aloofness and Fascination: Safavid Views of the West,” Iranian Studies 31:2, (1998), 219-246.

“Iran’s Ottoman Diplomacy During the Reign of Shah Sulayman (1077-1105/1666-94), in Kambiz Eslami, ed., Iran and Iranian Studies: Papers in Honor of Iraj Afshar (Princeton: Darwin Press, 1998), 97-126.

“Tabac: una historia social del seu consum,” Avenc. Revista d’Historia (Barcelona) 223 (1998), 40-43.

“From Coffee to Tea: Shifting Patterns of Consumption in Qajar Iran,” Journal of World History 7 (1996), 199-230.

“Unwalled Cities and Restless Nomads: Gunpowder and Artillery in Safavid Iran,” in Charles Melville, ed., Safavid Persia: The History and Politics of an Islamic Society (London: I.B. Tauris, 1996), 389-416.

“Changing the Mintmaster: The Mechanization of the Mint in Qajar Iran,” Itinerario 19 (1995), 109-129. Persian trans. “Zarrabkhanah-i jadid-i daulati,” in Guftegu 15 (1376/1997), 58-81.

“Exotic Substances: The Introduction and Global Spread of Tobacco, Coffee, Tea, Cocoa, and Distilled Liquor, 16-18th Centuries,” in Roy Porter and Mikulas Teich, eds., Drugs and Narcotics in History (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995), 24-51.

Review by James Harvey Young, Ph.D. Emory University

“Anti-Ottoman Politics and Transit Rights: The Seventeenth-Century Trade in Silk between Safavid Iran and Muscovy,” Cahiers du Monde Russe 35 (1994),739-761.

“Coffee in Safavid Iran: Commerce and Consumption,” Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 37 (1994), 1-32.

“Administrative Stability and Change in Late Seventeenth-Century Iran: The Case of Shaykh `Ali Khan,” International Journal of Middle East Studies 26 (1994), 77-98 (trans. into Persian in 1998).

Abstract: Shaykh Ali Khan’s tenure as grand vizier of the Safavid ruler Shah Sulayman witnessed the pinnacle of his position’s historic power while illustrating several characteristics of government in that period. He was a capable administrator, ensuring a steady flow of funds despite political intrigues that eventually robbed him of his position. His ability to first get, then reattain the post indicates the flexibility of the governmental system. He could not have held such power under a strong ruler, but such a one could have better balanced the vizier with the developing shadow cabinet. The Moral Economy of Islam: Bibliographies

“The East India Company Trade in Kerman Wool, 1658-1730,” in Jean Calmard, ed., Etudes Safavides: Etat et Societe (Paris/Tehran, 1993), 343-83.

“Transforming Dangerous Nomads into Useful Artisans, Technicians, Agriculturists: Education in the Reza Shah Period,” Iranian Studies 26 (1993), 313-36.

“Anti-osmaanse allianties en kaukasische belangen: diplomatieke betrekkingen tussen Safavidisch Iran en Moscovitisch Rusland (1550-1639),”Sharqiyyat 5 (1993), 1-21.

“The Career of Mohammad Beg, Grand Vizier of Shah `Abbas II (r. 1642-1666),” Iranian Studies 24 (1991), 17-36.

“Jamal al-Din al-Afghani and the Egyptian National Debate,” International Journal of Middle East Studies 21 (1989), 151-69.

“The Egyptian Opposition on the Iranian Revolution,” in Juan R.I. Cole and Nikkie R. Keddie, eds, Shi`ism and Social Protest, (Yale University Press, 1986), 247-74 (also trans. into Persian and Arabic).

“Iran: From Divine Monarchy to Divine Republic,” Orient 23:4 (1982), 540-56.

Reviews:

Wilfred Buchta, Die iranische Schia und die islamische Einheit 1979-1996 (Rudi Matthee) International Journal of Middle East Studies. Vol. XXXII No. 1 February 2000

Lectures:

Wednesday, Oct. 9 “Was Shah ‘Abbas a Mercantilist?” Rudi Matthee, University of Delaware. Safavid History at New York University

Rudi Matthee, history, “Between Aloofness and Fascination: Safavid Iranian Views of the West,” March 31, Yale University.

Rudi Matthee, history, “Courtesans and Prostitutes: Women Entertainers in Safavid Iran,” at fourth International Conference of Iranian Studies, Sept. 6-10, Paris.

Miscellaneous:

Muslim Brothers II *Ikhwan al-Muslimin*

Matthee, Rudolph P. The Politics of Trade in Safavid Iran: Silk for Silver, 1600-1730. Cambridge University Press, 1999.

From the Publisher:

Description

Using a wide range of archival and written sources, Rudi Matthee considers the economic, social and political networks established between Iran, its neighbours and the world at large, through the prism of the late Safavid silk trade. In so doing, he demonstrates how silk, a resource crucial to state revenue and the only commodity to span Iran’s entire economic activity, was integral to aspects of late Safavid society, including its approach to commerce, export routes and, importantly, to the political and economic problems which contributed to its collapse in the early 1700s. In a challenge to traditional scholarship, the author argues that despite the introduction of a maritime, western-dominated channel, Iran’s traditional land-based silk export continued to expand right up to the end of the seventeenth century. The book promises to make a major theoretical contribution to the current debates on the social and economic history of the pre-modern world.

Chapter Contents

Introduction; 1. The Iranian silk trade; 2. Procedures, logistics, finances; 3. Shah Abbas I and the Safavid political economy; 4. Government control and growing competition; 5. The complications of privatization; 6. Conflict and reorientation; 7. Renewed regulation and the rise of the Russian connection, 1660s–1690s; 8. Contraction and continuity, 1690–1730; Conclusion.

Notes on Safavid Dynasty

Ismail, 1501 – 1524

Shah Ismail

Tahmasb, 1524 – 1576

Ismail II, 1576 – 1577

Soltan Ibrahim Mirza is murdered at the order of his cousin Shah Ismael II.

Sultan Mohammad, 1577 – 1587 brother of Ismail II

Shah Abbas I, 1587 – 1629

Notes on Shah Abbas

Safi I, 1629 – 1642

Abbas II, 1642 – 1666

Safi II, 1666 – 1694

Shah Soltan Hussein, 1694 – 1722

THE SAFAVIDS, 1501-1722

Notes on Saia sha

Saia sha or cutch (Acacia catechu) is a brownish red dye used extensively in India in the Mughal and pre-Mughal period.

Cutch Dye Recipe

Warm golden browns

Weigh out the chips at 400% (of the dry fiber weight). Place in a glass of hot water and let sit overnight

until dissolved. Next day, heat enough water to cover the fiber in a dyepot to 120. Add the dye solution to

the heated water. Mix well and bring to a boiling for 1 hour and then add warm wetted fiber to the

dyebath. Bring to a boil for one hour. Remove from heat and let sit in the bath to cool. Remove the fiber,

wash and let dry. Do not let sit overnight in the bath or the colors will dull considerably. Period Trade Dyes from the 16th Century- Historical Reenactment – 09/17/98

Notes on Salting Carpets

When we say “Salting carpets” we are referring to a group of rugs and carpets that share characteristics with The Salting Carpet. Identifying characteristics are color, condition and design.

Condition is often described as too good. People even experts often assume that they are newer then they are.

Color is usually excellent but in shades not usually seen in Classical Persian Carpets. A non-Persian esthetic so to speak.

Design is classical Persian of the late 16th century.

Use of Ton Sur Ton especially pink on red.

George Salting

Salting donated a collection of very important Carpets to the Victoria and Albert Museum.

George Salting, formerly of 86 St. James’s Street, London.

Other art formerly in the Salting Collection

The rugs are very close to the Persian tradition except for color and the content of the poetry. This causes me to look to other forms of Islamic art in search of analogous examples. My conclusion is that the rugs are the product of the Uzbek occupation of Herat in the 1590s. Herat art turned to a different repertoire of colors that we see in traditional Persian art. The other major clue is found in the cartouches. Rather than lines from the Qur’an as we would expect in related carpets the Herati artists turned to Sufi influenced poetry|.

It is important to realize that carpets of this sort are designed by master artists of the court. The artists worked in the style set by their patron.

Oriental Carpet and Textile Studies: The Salting Carpets

by Murray L. Eiland (Editor), Robert Pinner (Editor)

Paperback: 136 pages

Publisher: International Conference on Oriental Carpets; (November 27, 1999)

ISBN: 188966605X

From the Publisher:

This compendium of academic sessions discusses a long-controversial subject for the origins of the so-called “Salting carpets” and makes an important contribution to settling the question.

“…serves to underline the importance of combining aesthetic and chromatic considerations with archival research…(Michael Frances’) paper is painstakingly researched (with) and illustrated catalogue, structural analyses, C-14 dating and translations…of the inscriptions.” Susan Day, HALI #110, May-June 2000, pp. 74-75.

This compendium of academic sessions discusses a long-controversial subject for the origins of the so-called “Salting carpets” and makes an important contribution to settling the question.

“…serves to underline the importance of combining aesthetic and chromatic considerations with archival research…(Michael Frances’) paper is painstakingly researched (with) and illustrated catalogue, structural analyses, C-14 dating and translations…of the inscriptions.” Susan Day, HALI #110, May-June 2000, p.p. 74-75.

Notes on Saphs

The niche of a prayer rug. In the trade Saph usually means a multi niche prayer rug or something that looks like a multi niche prayer rug.

mihrab

The mihrab is an arched niche, usually framed by columns. It is the focal point of the Mosque where the Imam leads the congregation.

A directional niche in a mosque, prayer rug, or almost anything which indicated the direction of prayer.

The Friedrich Sarre Berlin Mughal Saph

Ballard Mughal Saph

Notes on Schuyler Van Rensselaer Camman

The late Schuyler Van Rensselaer Camman was Professor Emeritus of East Asian Art at the University of Pennsylvania, and Honorary Curator of the University Museum in Philadelphia.

China, 1935 to 1945, teacher at Yale-in-China, Changsha. Authored The Land of the Camel, China’s Dragon Robes, Substance and Symbol in Chinese Toggles.

5 Star Guide To Oriental Rug Books

A Chinese Textile in Seventeenth Century Spain, Textile Museum Journal, vol. 1, no. 4, 1965, pp. 57-62.

In Memoriam: Carl Schuster. List of Publications by Carl Schuster, Textile Museum Journal, vol. 3, no. 3,1972, pp. 2-4.

“Symbolic Meanings in Oriental Rug Patterns”: Textile Museum Journal, Part I, vol. 3, no. 3, 1972, pp. 5-21.

“Symbolic Meanings in Oriental Rug Patterns”: Textile Museum Journal, Part II, vol. 3, no. 3, 1972, pp. 22-41.

“Symbolic Meanings in Oriental Rug Patterns”: Textile Museum Journal, Part III, vol. 3, no. 3, 1972, pp. 42-54.

Ming Mandarin Squares, Textile Museum Journal, vol. 4, no. 4, 1977, pp. 5-14.

Chinese Influence in Colonial Peruvian Tapestries, Textile Museum Journal, vol. 1, no. 3, 1964, pp. 21-34.

“Cosmic Symbolism on Carpets from the Sanguszko Group” in Studies in Art and Literature of the Near East, New York, 1974.

“The Systematic Study of Oriental Rugs: Techniques and Patterns,” Journal of the American Oriental Society, 1975.

“The Symbols In Chinese Rug Patterns”. Washington DC: ICOC 1980.

Camman, S. V. R., “The Interplay of Art, Literature and Religion in Safavid Symbolism,” in JRAS (1978), pp. 124-36.

Shepherd Monson Holcombe Jr. married Elizabeth Schuyler Cammann in West Hartford, Hartford Co., CT, November 28, 1981. Elizabeth was born in Philadelphia, PA November 06, 1952. Elizabeth is the daughter of Schuyler Van Rensselaer Camman and Marcia de Forest Post. Descendants of William Buell: Twelfth Generation

Notes on Serif Ozen of Cocoon

Serif Ozen is a leading Oriental Rug dealer based in Istanbul Turkey. He is best known for Cocoon. Here is what is said on the Cocoon website:

Cocoon was established in 1996 by Seref Ozen and Mustafa Gokhan Demir. Located in the historic Arasta Bazaar, in the shadows of the Blue Mosque of the Sultan Ahmet district of Istanbul, Cocoon specializes in rugs, flatweaves and textiles from Central Asia as well as Persia and Anatolia.

Seref Ozen who is considered to be one of the foremost authorities in the world on Central Asian textiles and Cocoon has become synonymous with quality service among collectors around the world. He has exhibited at all the major tribal art shows around the world including the HALI fair in London and is a regular participant in ACOR and San Francisco at the Caskey Lees Tribal Art show every February.

Seref has also contributed various articles to HALI and represents the magazine in Istanbul.

Notes on Sher Khan Lodi

Sher Khan Lodi defeated Humayun for control of the Delhi Sultanate. Sher Khan Lodi ruled from 1540 to 1555.

1539 – Sher Khan defeated Humayun at Chausa.

1540 – Sher Khan defeated Humayun at Kanauj.

1540 – Sher Khan takes the throne of Delhi and the name Sher Shah.

1544 – Humayun crossed over into Safavid Persia and gain the backing of Tahmasp Safavi Shahinshah of Persia after converting to Shia Islam.

1545 – Humayun entered the Mughal Empire with an army. This started an 8 year war that finally resulted in Humayan entering Kabul as undisputed leader in 1553. At this point Humayun had his brother Kamran blinded and the court of Kamran was gone forever. Humayun ruled until his death in 1556.

In 1555 Humayun recovered the throne of Delhi.

Notes on Shikli/Shiki Rugs

Also Sheki and Nukha.

Shikli A city in Azerbaijan near the Armenia and Georgian borders. Close to Lambalo and Shulaver.

“All throughout, silkworm-breeding is common here. Silk production is primarily concentrated in the city of Sheki, which is an ancient silk-processing city. The Sheki silk-producing factory operates strictly on local resources, which are brought from the various regions of Azerbaijan. This factory produces anywhere from 28 to 30 thousand sq. meters of silk textiles.” Link – http://www.azeksim.com/region2en.html

Scenic surroundings and a spectacular gorge setting are among the main attractions of this city. Originally sited lower down the hill, Saki was moved to its present location after a devastating flood. Long famed as a silk center, it’s the site of a huge factory that was once the Soviet Union’s largest silk plant. Saki also has a khan’s summer palace (with a fresco, 80 ft/24 m long), a reconstructed Persian caravansary and a fortress. Northwest of Saki is Zakatala,` which has the ruins of an old fortress. Zakatala is mainly of historic interest — the fortress was used after the 1905 Revolution as a prison for the mutinous crew of the battleship Potemkin. 235 mi/380 km northwest of Baku.

Shikhly Kazak Rug c. 1910

Kazak Shikli Rug

Shikli Kaxak Rug. Southwest Caucasus. Around 1900

Notes on State Department Carpets

Year ago I did a little article on the carpets in the US Department of State Diplomatic Reception rooms. Unfortunately the article was lost. However I found a few pictures and notes so I hope it is of some interest.

The Diplomatic Reception Rooms are a group of rooms on the top floor on Main State

The Walter Thurston Gentlemen’s Lounge

The Gentlemen’s Lounge contains one of the most prized rug in the Collection, from Northwest Persia, circa 1800, measuring over twenty-eight feet long.

The lounge is named for Ambassador Walter Clarence Thurston, (1895-1974) of Arizona. Born near Denver, Colo., December 5, 1895. U.S. Minister to El Salvador, 1942; U.S. Ambassador to El Salvador, 1943; U.S. Ambassador to Bolivia, 1944-46; U.S. Ambassador to Mexico, 1946-50.

The John Quincy Adams State Drawing Room

Of all the rooms at Main State this and the small second dining room are my favorites. The John Quincy Adams State Drawing Room has by far the most interesting carpets. The Heriz Persian Carpet in the foreground is nice but the compartment carpet upon which the couches sit is far more interesting.

The Martha Washington’s Ladies Lounge

This is one of the most impressive rooms from an architectural viewpoint. The magnificent Ming-type Chinese rug, c. 1880 really works in this room. I suppose I am a little old fashioned but my tour of the Ladies Lounge was a little intimidating. I spent less time examining this carpet than most.

Notes on Stuart Cary Welch

I came to know Cary Welch in a roundabout way. It was in a wide ranging debate over the age and provenance of the so-called Red Ground Grotesque Fragments. They were an unusual and very rare group of closely related fragments that many attributed to Mughal India. I am still troubled by the conventional wisdom of the rugs and finally the debate narrowed down to email correspondence with a fellow named Cary. Well into the conversation over many emails Cary wrote, “I don’t know how you figured out one of those fragments is mine.” I was floored, I had no idea he owned one and I also had no idea that it was the great Stuart Cary Welch. Over time I found Cary very forgiving of his friends and students and very tough on most other people. One area that we spent a good bit of time on was the attributions of certain artists and the creative influences of the time.  I tend to see Abdullah of Shiraz as a major influence at the Khorasan court of Sultan Ibrahim Mirza and Cary thought I was giving him too much credit. But he was always gracious when we disagreed.

One area we had fun discussing was my theory that trees were used as a metaphor for gay sex during the evil years. I had no idea of his own proclivities until after his death.

Cary died in 2008 and most of this site was done before his death. Please forgive the mix of referring to him in the present tense.

Cary Welch is a marvel. His work at Harvard, the Met, his books and students and still he is amazingly down to earth. I have had the privilege of corresponding with him and his notes are a delight. One part I find very touching is that he speaks of his students in the same manner he speaks of his grandchildren. Unlike the new crop of experts even among his own students Cary is not just a scholar but he is also a connoisseur. We certainly do not always agree on our attributions but he has a depth of knowledge about the individual artists and their techniques that is unrivaled today.

Of all of his books The Houghton Shahnameh that he wrote with Professor Martin B. Dickson  of Princeton stands out as his great work. It is the most amazingly researched book I have ever seen. It sets a standard for research and connoisseurship that I do not expect to see matched in my lifetime.

Education:

A.B. from Harvard in 1950

Graduate study in ancient art at Harvard in 1952–54

Position:

Honorary assistant keeper of Islamic art for the Fogg Art Museum in 1956–70

Honorary keeper of Islamic art in 1970–76.

Curator of Islamic and later Indian art 1976 to 1995.

Senior lecturer in fine arts, Department of Fine Arts, Harvard University, mid-1970s to 1995.

Curator emeritus, Islamic and Later Indian art, Sackler Museum. 1995 to present

Head of the department of Islamic art at The Metropolitan Museum of Art 1979–87.

Books including various editions:

Welch, Stuart Cary, Dickson M.B.  The Houghton Shahnameh. Cambridge , Harvard University Press , 1981.

Welch, Stuart Cary,  The Art of Mughal India New York:1964

New York. Asia House Gallery. Text by Stuart Cary Welch and Milo Cleveland Beach Gods, Thrones, and Peacocks Northern Indian Painting from Two Traditions: Fifteenth to Nineteenth Centuries The Asia Society 1965

Welch, Stuart Cary,  A King’s Book of Kings. The Shah-Nameh of Shah Tahmasp. Greenwich New York Graphic Society, Metropolitan Museum of Art.. 1972.

Welch, Stuart Cary, A Flower From every Meadow, Indian Paintings from American Collections. New York: The Asia Society, Inc. 1973.

Welch, Stuart Cary, Persian Painting Five Royal Manuscripts of the Sixteenth Century. New York: George Braziller. 1976.

Welch, Stuart Cary, Das Buch der Könige . Das Schahname des Schah Tahmasp . Miniaturen im Besitz des Metropolitan Museum in New York Munich , Prestel-Verlag , 1976.

Welch, Stuart Cary, Indian drawings and painted sketches, 16th through 19th centuries : catalogue New York, Asia Society in association with John Weatherhill, Inc. 1976.

Welch , S.C. Persische Buchmalerei aus fünf königlichen Handschriften des sechzehnten Jahrhundert München , Prestel, 1978.

Welch, Stuart Cary, Imperial Mughal Painting, New York:1978.

Welch, Stuart Cary, Peinture Impériale Moghole. New York, 1978.

Welch, Stuart Cary, Indische Buchmalerei unter den Gro moguln 16. – 19. Jahrhundert. München, 1978.

Welch, Stuart Cary. Room for wonder: Indian painting during the British period 1760-1880 NY: Amer. Federatn of Arts, 1978

Welch, Stuart Cary, Wonders of the Age. Cambridge: Fogg Art Museum, Harvard University. 1979.

Welch, Stuart Cary, Gods Thrones and Peacocks Ayer Co Pub 1979

Welch, Stuart Cary, 1980 Magic Kingdom Engagement Calender, Metropolitan Museum of Art 1980.

Welch, Stuart Cary. and Welch, Anthony Arts of the Islamic Book. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. 1982.

Welch, Stuart Cary, Schimmel, Annemarie, Anvari’s Divan: A Pocket Book for Akbar. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art 1983.

Welch, Stuart Carey, et al. Tressors De L’Islam. Geneva, Musee d’Art et d’Histoire, 1985.

Patnaik, Naveen A Second Paradise: Indian Courtly Life 1590-1947. Introduction by Stuart Cary Welch. New York Doubleday/Museum of Mod. Art 1985. (edit.Note: Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis)

Welch, Stuart Cary,  The Emperors’ Album : Images of Mughal India New York: Harry N Abrams.1987

Welch, Stuart Cary, The Islamic World New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art 1987

Welch , Stuart Cary, Das Buch der Könige . Das Schahname des Schah Tahmasp . Miniaturen im Besitz des Metropolitan Museum in New York Munich , Prestel-Verlag , 1976 ,

Welch, Stuart Cary,  Rossi, Barbara, Craven, Roy C., From the Ocean of Painting : India’s Popular Paintings 1589 to the Present. Ames: University of Iowa 1997.

Welch, Stuart Cary, India: art and culture 1300-1900.  Munich:Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1997

Welch, Stuart Cary. “BOOKS”. Hali 97, 1998. page 98. “Stuart Cary Welch looks at Flowers Underfoot, Daniel Walker’s catalogue for the Metropolitan Museum’s much acclaimed exhibition of Indian carpets of the Mughal era.”

Harvard University Art Museums Show Fall 97 “KOTAH: Its Gods, Kings, and Tigers” curated by Stuart Cary Welch.

Gods, Kings, and Tigers: The Art of Kotah edited by Stuart Cary Welch. New York and Cambridge: Asia Society Galleries and Harvard University Museums, 1997.

Barbara Rossi, Roy C. Craven, Stuart Cary Welch, From the Ocean of Painting : India’s Popular Paintings 1589 to the Present . Davenport : University of Iowa and Oxford Univ.

Ehsan Yar-Shater, Dick Davis (Translator), Afterward by Welch, Stuart Cary,  The Lion and the Throne Washington DC: Mage

Miscellaneous

Lectured at Bayly Art Museum University of Virginia, Rugby Road Charlottesville, Virginia 22903

Jan. 96 Harvard’s Sackler Museum, ‘`Indian Harvest: Rajasthani Paintings from the Stuart Cary Welch Collection’

The Cary Welch Rustam and White Div

To judge Welch by his work would be to miss half of his genius. One must also consider his students.

Prominent Scholars (not all by any means but a few of the many that Cary speaks kindly of):

Julia Bailey, assistant curator of Islamic art, Museum of Fine Arts, Boston,

Milo Beach, director, Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Washington, DC,

Sheila Canby, keeper of Islamic art, British Museum, London,

Thomas Lentz, deputy director, Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Washington, DC,

Glenn Lowery, director, The Museum of Modern Art,

Marianna Shreve Simpson, curator of Islamic art, The Walters Art Gallery, Baltimore,

Walter Denny. University of Massachusetts, Amherst.

Daniel Walker, curator of Islamic art, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.

Massumeh Farhad, associate curator of Islamic art, Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Washington, DC.

Cary and Howard Hodgkin

From Financial Times: Lunch with the FT: Howard Hodgkin

By Jackie Wullschlager

January 20, 2012 9:13 pm

“India, when he began visiting in 1964, must have been a stunning contrast after grey England. “It was a relief and an escape, from being at home, from marriage and family. I was gay and I was very worried about it – because of the children. I have wonderful children Hodgkin married in 1955 and his sons Louis and Sam were born in 1958 and 1960 – and actually I stayed married until about two years ago.” He met Peattie at a party in 1983 and they have been together since. “I knew at once. So did he. He’s a wonderful support. But the 1960s and 1970s were very difficult. I fell in love with an American collector of Indian paintings.” This was Stuart Cary Welch, known as Cary, one-time curator of Islamic and Later Indian Art at Harvard Art Museums.”

“Welch, who died in 2008, was a key influence but he was also a rival. When Welch’s collection was auctioned last year, “There was”, says Hodgkin, “no sentiment involved in trying to acquire something from his collection. I loved Cary but I had no illusions about his ruthless pursuit of his own interests. He went to inordinate lengths to stop me buying things he wanted, which he could afford much more easily than I could. He once sat next to me at a Sotheby’s sale and held my hand down, to stop me bidding against him. I was so shocked I didn’t use my other hand.”

Notes on Tekke Ensi / Engsi

The Thompson Tekke Ensi

Teke/Tekke Ensi mid 19 C Rippon Boswell Lot 30

Tekke Engsi 19th C. Nagel

Purple Group Tekke Ensi

Tekke Ensi Last Quarter 19th C. Christie’s Lot 239

Tekke Animal Tree Ensis Rippon-Boswell lot 88

Engsi-Tekke. Um 1900 Van-Ham

Tekke Engsi. Ende 19. Jh Van-Ham

The Frauenknecht Teke Ensi

Tekke Swastikaartige Elem Ensi Van-Ham

Notes on The Abbasi Hotel in Isfahan

The opulent two story dining room of the Abbasi Hotel.

The Hotel was originally built as a caravanserai by the mother of Shah Sultan Hossein, the last the Safavid ruler.  The old caravanserai was restored in the ’60 as the luxury Abbasi Hotel.  The rooms are much the way they were pre revolution but the whole place has a charm that transcends time.  One point of note that might be of interest is that the “cut outs” of the music room in the A’li Qapu Palace were also used in the 1960’s renovations of this dining room.  As tourism continues to grow, renovations are being carried out.  I hope it does not lose its charm.

 

Notes on The Al-Sabah Collection

The Al-Sabah Collection

The Al-Sabah Collection is one of the great collections of Islamic art in the world today. From precious stones to miniature paintings, to great carpets it is exceptional.

The collection of Sheikh Nasser Sabah al-Ahmad al-Sabah of Kuwait.

A member of the Kuwaiti ruling family, Sheikh Nasser has been collecting Islamic Art and jewelled objects in particular since the mid-1970s. Since 1983, the collection has been on loan to the Kuwait National Museum and during the occupation of Kuwait in 1990 the Iraqis took most of the contents of the museum to Iraq, where they remained until after the war ended. Although most of the collection was eventually repatriated, three of the most beautiful early Mughal carved emeralds have never resurfaced, including one the most important emeralds known to scholarship, another which features a religious inscription, and a gemstone with royal Mughal inscriptions.

Notes on The Black Church of Brasov

An important Church in the Reformation of Transylvania. The church was originally Roman Catholic but became truely Catholic (Evangelical/Lutheran) under the great reformer Johannes Honterus during the Reformation.

“The inhabitants of Brasov or “Kronstad” at that time, in almost 100 years from 1383 until 1477, built the Black Church, the largest gothic construction in Romania and one of the largest in the South-Eastern Europe. Dedicated to Virgin Marry the church was of catholic faith for more than a century and a half and later with the reformation sweeping across the Europe it became a Lutheran one. The church acquired its name after the great fire of 1689 when it was badly damaged; the roof was destroyed and the walls blackened from the smoke. The reconstruction after the great fire took another 100 years, most of the objects inside the church dating from the reconstruction time except the baptismal font which was cast in bronze by a local craftsman in 1450. The walls of the church are covered by ottoman prayer rugs dating from 16th-18th centuries. The local merchants gave those rugs as gifts to the church, as gratitude towards God. The impressive church organ manufactured in Germany in 1829 has 4000 pipes and is considered the second biggest in the country. Outside the church is the statue of Johannes Honterus the priest who introduced in 16th century the reformation among the Saxons in Transilvania.”

Notes on The Book of Carpets

As a wee lad back when the world was so new and all I enjoyed the antics of a cartoon character called Felix the Cat. Whenever Felix was in a fix as the song would tell us he would reach into his bag of tricks. From that bag of tricks he would pull out something that would solve his problem. Selling rugs is like that because we need a well-stocked bag of tricks. In my bag of tricks is one of my favorites an older German book that is almost forgotten today.

The Book of Carpets

by Reinhard G. Hubel

Hardcover (December 1979)

Mark Keshishian & Sons, Inc.; ISBN: 0915036002 List: $45.00

When I was at George Washington University studying Oriental Carpets in the Appraisal Science Program “The Book of Carpets” was our text book. Hubel passed away a number of years ago and the market is tough on rug books with black & white and color pictures so many people have forgotten this classic. In this case everyone else’s loss can be your gain. “The Book of Carpets” by Reinhard G. Hubel is one of the most important rug books of all times. The key is that it is a guide to the structure of average rugs that are just like much of what you and I see and handle. There are detailed structural analysis of 180 of the carpets that you are most likely to see. It is aggravating at times to read some of the rug literature. The problem is that all too often rug books want to show us the rarest and most esoteric one of a kind pieces when what we really want to know is what does a normal one look like. This breaks down to a rather obvious point is that normal rugs are worth more than flawed rugs and exception rugs are worth more than average rugs. It may sound obvious but unless you know the difference how do you get best price.

As some of you know I sell a few rugs and I am best known for tribal rugs. An old friend who is a prominent rug dealer consigned an older Isphahan to my Internet rug auctions. That rug sold well and soon another dealer consigned another Isphahan. That one sold well but I did not know all that much about Isphahans. As they will, markets shift and I find myself selling more formal Persian rugs and carpets. So when I bought a collection of silk and wool workshop Isphahans I needed to reach into my bag of tricks and learn a little more about Isphahans. When I turned to Hubel’s book I found that he describes Isphahans as having granular and irregular backs. When I first saw the granularity and irregularity of the Isphahans  I assumed it was a flaw. Now I realize that those features are the norm. This is very important because with the workshop carpets I can stress how their weave is much better than normal. In addition he gives us an idea of what sort of knot counts to expect.

Most books tell us how a rug looks but Hubel delves into how a rug feels and how the rug is made. When he explores the rugs of the Tabriz market region he tells us what structural clues allow us to tel a Sarabian from a Sarand.

One of my favorite sports is big game hunting. Not with a rifle and porters calling me Bwanna (actually I tried to get the staff at the RugNotes Textile Research to call me Bwanna but they are not buying it)   but rather a far more exciting hunt, the hunt through mountains of old rugs at the wholesalers. In the hunt I look for color, condition, age and so many other little things but knowing what to call the rug is not a requirement in the hunt. Especially when I am in New York I will have my “kills” baled and shipped to me. Unpacking those bales a few days later is always an adventure as well. When I open the bales I start figuring out just what the rugs are. I will buy a rug just because it is pretty and old and Persian but I certainly cannot sell it as such. As I have stressed before the more information I can give my customers about a rug the more it is worth. To determine what a rug is I will use design to narrow the search and then use structure to confirm the attribution. Narrowing the focus with design is easy I simply use Jim Ford’s book “Oriental Carpet Design” (See review Rug News…). Often with Ford’s book I can narrow the possibilities down to a few choices but then I need to be sure. Attributing rugs on the basis of pattern is like build a house on a foundation of sand or as they have found in Turkey as unsure as an apartment house made of sea sand. To be sure in attributing a rug I then take the choices that I have selected from Oriental Carpet Design and look them up in Hubel’s “The Book of Carpets” Hubel gives the single best and most comprehensive structural description of any book I know. It is not enough just to know that a rug has Persian or Turkish knots. By giving us the full picture we can match our rugs up against his comprehensive analysis and be conclusive in our attributions.

Hubel writes from a German perspective. World wide there are three main export markets for carpets. For many years England was the major market but since the fall of the Empire they are diminishing. Then there is the US which remains strong and the third major market that is all too often ignored in the English speaking press is Germany. It is important to realize that some rugs common in the US are little seen in Germany and the opposite is true as well. On occasion the only book I have that has anything on a particular type of rug will be Hubel.Overall Hubel’s careful concise scholarship is a big help.

The book is still available from the Publisher:

Mark Keshishian & Sons Oriental Carpets

4505 Stanford ST. Chevy Chase, MD 20815

Notes on The Burqa

The Burqa

A head to toe covering for women with a about a 5 inch square mesh covered opening to see through. Burqas are not native to Afghanistan but were introduced from India and were seen as a sign of wealth and culture by the Pashtuns. Under Taliban Burqas were required for all women. Exposing too much skin could result in public beatings or death.


Notes on The Cult of Angels

Wing bones from large birds have been found in Archeological digs in Kurdistan dating back 10,800 years. Izady speculates a connection to the Cult of Angels religions of the Kurds. Izady, The Kurds. Pg. 21.

Since Peacocks are not native to Kurdistan or the Caucasus Izady speculates that the so-called Peacocks are actually the Great Bustard once found in the region. The great bustard had multicolored tail feathers but shorter than a peacocks and more like a Turkey’s. Izady, The Kurds. Pg. 156.

Yezidism is one of the three Kurdish religions commonly called the Cult of Angels. Malak Tawas or Lucifer as we know him was the first Archangel of the Great Creating Spirit or God as we know him. Malak Tawas was given dominion over earth. He is often represented as a great bird usually called a peacock but Izady speculates the bird is actually a great bustard. Izady, The Kurds. Pg. 156.

Alevism is one of the three Kurdish religions commonly called the Cult of Angels. They are also called the “deifiers of Ali” and suggest that Ali and Mohammed were temporal manifestations of the same spirit being which they refer to as Alimohammed. Shah Ismail would refer to himself as Alimohammad suggesting his own. Izady, The Kurds. Pg. 150.

The Yezidi cap is the same as the Mithras cap. Izady, The Kurds. Pg. 260

Notes on The Delhi Sultanate

The Delhi Sultanate was the key to control of Hindustan (Northwest India) in the first half of the sixteenth century. T

The Mughal Empire did not start when Babur becomes King in Kabul in 1504. The empire starts when Babur defeats Ibrahim Lodhi at Panipat and captures Delhi. When BBB took the Delhi Sultanate he became ruler of Hindustan and this was the real start of the Mughal Empire.

Sher Shah Suri defeats Humayan in 1539and becomes Emperor of Delhi.

Humayan crossed over into Safavid Persia and gain the backing of Tahmasp Safavi Shahinshah of Persia after converting to Shia Islam.

Humayan entered the Mughal Empire with an army. This started an 8 year war that finally resulted in Humayan entering Kabul as undisputed leader in 1553. At this point Humayan had his brother Kamran blinded and the court of Kamran was gone forever.

In 1555 Humayun recovered the throne of Delhi.

Humayan ruled until his death in 1556.

Delhi Sultanate by Catherine B. Asher

Notes on The Gardens of the Abbasi Hotel

Two views of the garden (central court yard) of the Abbasi Hotel.  Originally built as a caravanserai, it is now a wonderful teahouse where guests and Esfahanis can enjoy the historic surrounding of the gardens.

When Persians think of a garden, they think of shade, flowers and the soothing sound of running water (fountain).  No matter how small a garden, Persians try to incorporate these elements into the formal setting of their garden.

The Abbasi’s gardens are particularly fragrant when in full bloom in April and early May.  It is also very busy and filled with tourists at this time!

Another view of the garden.  The “arches” in the building are the balconies of the guest rooms.  The hotel is a show place of Iranian artistic work. Inside, one can see original Persian miniatures, paintings and tiles, gilt ornaments, mirror, inlaid and plaster works.

The Mosque dome that can be seen just beyond the Hotel is Madrassah-ye-Madar-i-Shah (the Madrassah of the Shah’s Mother) on Chahar Bagh Avenue (Four Garden Avenue) which is still a favorite place for Esfahanis to stroll.

Built as a theological school by the mother of Shah Sultan Hossein, the last Safavid ruler, the  Madrassah-ye-Madar-i-Shah is still used as a center for religious studies in Esfahan.  It is not open to tourists but its beautiful turquoise and yellow dome can be viewed from the formal gardens of the Abbasi Hotel.  The caravanserai was also built by her so the revenues from it would supply an income to the theological school.

Notes on The Gordon Talish Met Hane

This is a classic 19th century Talish Met Hane rug from the collection of Sam and Barbara Gordon. These rugs are typically 2 to 3 times as long as they are wide. They average 80 knots per square inch and have a 1:1 knot ratio. See Stone, Peter. The Oriental Rug Lexicon and Hubel, Reinhard G. The Book of Carpets.

Besides the long narrow format an uncluttered often plain field is expected. Hubel describes the structure as 2 ply wool warps, Twisted and undyed. The wefts are always two shots and usually cotton. Hubel also notes supplementary discontinuous wefts along the sides up to 6 cm into the rug. Selvages are usually blue and sometimes white warped over 1 to 4 warps. Knot counts can range from 75 to 120 knots per square inch. Hubel, Reinhard G. The Book of Carpets.

The Talish live “along the Caspian coast south of the Viliazh-Chai River”. The Talish are Shia Muslim. Ethnologue: Azerbaijan – Talish. The Talish are on both sides of the Azerbaijan Iran border.

Please note the abrash. Sam Gordon has a very refined esthetic sense that is a great help to him in collecting rugs. Green is the rarest field color in Talish rugs and this is a beautiful example of a rare group.

Who are the Talish?

The Talish are an old tribe in that they date back to at least the 13th century and certainly much earlier. Eiland speculates thousands of years Oriental Rugs A Complete Guide Page 264. The Ethnologue Database places them in the Indo European Family close to Persian. So we may see them as one of the original indigenous Persian people. However James J. Reid notes that the the Talish were one of the first four tribes of the Kizilbash. Tribalism and Society in Islamic Iran Page 20. He does note that the early Kizilbash spoke Turkic, Kurdish and possibly Luri.

Reid notes that the the Talish were one of the first four tribes of the Kizilbash. The other three tribes were the Shamlu, Rumlu and Ustajlu. As we can easily see those three each end in Lu which is a form of the Chagatai word Ulus meaning Tribal state so I conclude they are Turko-Mongolic. Talish which is not overtly Turko-Mongolic is linguistically close to Luri may indeed be the Luri that Reid alludes to. Tribalism and Society in Islamic Iran Page 20 – 24.

The 16 Remaining Talish Ethno-Linguistic Groups

Talysh (16)

ALVIRI-VIDARI AVD (Iran)

ESHTEHARDI ESH (Iran)

GOZARKHANI GOZ (Iran)

HARZANI HRZ (Iran)

KABATEI XKP (Iran)

KAJALI XKJ (Iran)

KARINGANI KGN (Iran)

KHOINI XKC (Iran)

KORESH-E ROSTAM OKH (Iran)

MARAGHEI VMH (Iran)

RAZAJERDI RAT (Iran)

RUDBARI RDB (Iran)

SHAHRUDI SHM (Iran)

TAKESTANI TKS (Iran)

TALYSH TLY (Azerbaijan)

TAROMI, UPPER TIB (Iran)

In the 15th century the Talish occupied the Moghan Steppe as well as the Southeast Caspian shore. Between 1590 and 1595 the Talish joined the great Afshar revolt against Shah Abbas. By 1595 Abbas crushed the revolt and broke up the Afshar. It was at this point that he forced many Afshar to Khorasan, Urumiya, and Mughan. Abbas then gathered up many clans of the rebel tribes and created the Shahsavan. Many of the Talish including the Talish of the Moghan Steppe were drawn into this new Shahsavan confederation. I believe that many of the Shahsavan of the Moghan are descended from those Talish.

Reid, James J. Tribalism and Society in Islamic Iran

Notes on The Hajji Baba Club of New York City

I was a member of the Hajji Baba. I elected to drop my membership. That being said I feel it best not to say anything about these people.

Notes on The Khanate of Khiva

The Khanate of Khiva was also known as Kwarezm

As Kwarezm it ruled Persian and central Asia until it started a war with Cingis Qan.

1218/1219: “Shah Mohammed of Khwarezm, which was an empire encompassing Afghanistan, present-day Persia, and Turkestan, that is the area between the Aral Sea and the Caspian, secretly ordered the murder of a caravan of Mongol merchants sent by Chingis Khan to the city of Otrar. Chingis Khan responded by sending an envoy, giving Mohammed the choice between handing Otrar’s governor Inalchuq over to the Mongols, or accepting war. This envoy was put to death, and war was declared.” Mongol history and chronology from ancient times

1219: Mongols defeat 400,00 man Khwarezm army but fail to capture the Khwarezm Shah. Mongol history and chronology from ancient times

“A military offensive against Khiva was launched in the spring of 1873 from several directions, under the governor-general von Kaufman. Khiva was captured in 29 may and the khan, Sayid Muhammad Rahim II, surrender.” Khanate of Khiva 1511-1920

“A peace treaty signed on 12 August 1873 established the status of the Khanate as a Russian protectorate. The Khan declared himself the “obedient servant” of the Russian emperor, and all territories of the Khanate on the right bank of the Amu Darya River were annexed to Russia. The subjugation of the Khanate had little effect on the internal affairs of the country , in which Russia interfered only in order to put down several Turkmen ” Khanate of Khiva 1511-1920

“On May 8, 1873 the Orenburg Column marched into the city of Kungrad, the most important settlement in the northern part of the khanate. Muhammad Rahim’s forces had abandoned the town only hours before.” Hinson, The Fall of Khiva.

1873 – “The armed forces of Khiva were in such a state of antiquity that the most effective fighting force fielded by the khanate were the semi-nomadic Yomud Turcomen, who were vassals to Muhammad Rahim.” Hinson, The Fall of Khiva.

1873 – When General Kauffman approached Khiva Muhammad Rahim had fled to the Yomud Turcomen. Hinson, The Fall of Khiva.

“A peace treaty was finally signed on August 12, 1873. Blocked by his government from annexing the khanate, Kaufman managed to force the Khan to cede all of his lands north of the Amu Darya to the conquerors. Furthermore, the Russians obtained the right of residence, the right to trade tax-free in Khiva, and an indemnity of 202 million rubles to be paid over a twenty year period.” Hinson, The Fall of Khiva.

“On July 7, Major General Golovachev was sent into Yomud territory, located west of Khiva, with eight infantry companies, eight sotnias of Cossacks, a battery each of guns and rockets, and two mitrailleuses which had been dragged to Khiva by the Tashkent Column. The savagery with which the Yomud Turcomen were punished over the next two weeks came from the Governor-General himself. In his orders to Golovachev, Kaufman stated that the general was to give over the Yomud settlements, and their families, to complete destruction. If the soldiery met any resistance at all, the troops were to “exterminate” the opposition. The resulting slaughter spared neither age nor sex as the Russians, and especially the Cossacks, “rushed about like madmen”.” Hinson, The Fall of Khiva.

Late 1873 “Short of money for the return to Tashkent, Kaufman ordered the other Turcomen tribes in Khivan territory to pay their shares of the fine, some 301,000 rubles. Becoming somewhat more reasonable, he allowed them to pay half the sum in camels and the other half in either coin or gold or silver jewelry and other objects. They were given from July 21 to August 2 to pay. The punishment of the Yomuds had its desired effect on the other Turcomen bands. At the deadline, some 92,000 rubles had been collected, and as there was evidence of intent to pay, Kaufman allowed an indefinite extension to the payment deadline. To insure full payment, he took 26 hostages from among the families of Turcomen notables.” Hinson, The Fall of Khiva.

After the fall of Khiva the Russian army slaughtered Yomud Turkmen tribe in 1873.Ogata Resource Treasure-trove

 

Notes on The Korolniks

The Colour of Henna

Painted Textiles from Southern Morocco

Annette & Marcel Korolnik-Andersch, Edward Badeen, Markus Ritter, Mourad Kusserow

On their travels in the Anti-Atlas Mountains of southern Morocco, Annette and Marcel Korolnik-Andersch discovered a form of textile design which has hitherto been all but overlooked: textiles painted with henna dye. The collectors have conducted extensive studies in the field and have collated all extant henna-painted textiles.

All articles in the book explore the various factors which influenced the designs and repertoire of patterns unique to this extinct textile tradition. Accompanying the presentation of these textiles are fascinating photographs.

This is the first comprehensive publication of this startling discovery. With 160 color illustrations, it represents a magnificent visual celebration of a stunning art form that is enigmatically expressive and captivating.

Text in English and German

Contributors to a Major New Book!

The Fabric of Moroccan Life

Edited by Niloo Imami Paydar and Ivo Grammet

For centuries, the people of Morocco have been producing magnificent embroideries, pile rugs, and flatweaves. The Fabric of Moroccan Life showcases rare embroideries, hangings, and rugs that reflect the broad range of traditions and cultural influences active in Morocco during the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries. The book explores the artistic importance of these superb weavings as well as their central role in Moroccan culture.

Approximately 150 pieces — and numerous details — are illustrated in color, and additional photographs (including many that were taken in the 1930s) show how they were once used in everyday life in Morocco. The book includes essays on Moroccan embroidery and its origins, traditional costumes of the cities and rural areas, the weavings of the Berbers and other ethnic groups, and the distinctive characteristics of items made by particular ethnic sub-groups. The contributing writers are eminent scholars and experts in a variety of fields, including Moroccan history and culture; Moroccan rugs, textiles, and clothing; and natural dyes. A wealth of information is included that has never before been available in one volume.

Niloo Imami Paydar is curator of textiles and costumes at the Indianapolis Museum of Art. Ivo Grammet is coordinator of a new museum in Nador, northern Morocco. The contributors include GÈrard BoÎly, Gebhard Blazek, Katherine Dolk-Ellis, Narjys El Alaoui, Mustapha Hansali, Annette Korolnik-Andersch, Marcel Korolnik, Zineb Lehmam, Russell Pickering, Ahmed Skounti, Frieda Sorber, Wilfried Stanzer, and Marie-France Vivier.

Exhibition resume

1996 “Berber” Museum Bellerive, Zurich/Switzerland, (Major Lenders) curated by Dr. Klaus Minges. Catalogue.

1997 ICOC Philadelphia, United States: Exhibition North Africa, curated by Brooke Pickering.

2000 Museo Centro de Arte Reina Sofia, Madrid/Spain: “Tejidos marroquies – Teresa Lanceta”; lenders; curated by Marie-France Vivier of Musée d’Arts d’Afrique et d’Océanie, Paris. Catalogue.

2002 Museum Bellerive, Zurich/Switzerland: Exhibition henna painted textiles collected during the field research in the Anti Atlas, executed in 1998-2000. Curated by Dr. Roger Fayet. Publication see above

2003-2004 “The Colour of Henna”, Exhibition henna painted textiles from the Anti Atlas, Southern Morocco: Museum Schloss Rheydt in Moenchengladbach (Germany), curated by Dr. Carsten Sternberg; Museo civico e archeologico, Castello Visconteo, Locarno (Switzerland), curated by Riccardo Carazzetti; International Folk Art Museum, Santa Fe (United States), curated by Barbara Sumberg, PhD.; Badisches Landesmuseum Karlsruhe (Germany), curated by Prof. Harald Siebenmorgen.

The Collectors

Annette Korolnik-Andersch

Artist/painter, born in Bonn, Germany. Trained as a Scientific Designer and as a Textile Designer. Lives and works in Zurich. Collects Moroccan tribal carpets and weavings since the early 90s. Collaborated in field research of the Rehamna tribes with her husband Marcel Korolnik since 1993. More field studies 1998, 1999, 2000 in the Anti Atlas, main subject: Henna painted textiles. McMullan Award in 2002

Literary resume

1999 ICOC Milan, lecture “Identifying an Anti-Atlas weaving tribe”

2000 Catalogue Contribution Madrid “From the Sahara to the High Atlas”

2002 lecture Teppichfreunde Basel, theme to be agreed upon

2002 Catalog contribution “Henna painted textiles in the Anti Atlas”,

Indianapolis Museum of Art

2002 lecture “Henna painted textiles in the Anti Atlas”, ACOR American Conference on Oriental Carpets, Indianapolis

2002: editor and co-author of publication “The Colour of Henna – Henna paintedTextiles from Southern Morocco” to go with the travelling exhibition

2003: lecture at Schloss Rheydt, Moenchengladbach “Bouitri – the owner of the stars. A henna painted symbol on a wedding scarf from Imi n’Tatelt”

2003: lecture at Volkmanntreffen (Munich, Germany), on plangi decorated textiles from North Africa, especially Morocco

2003: lecture at Museum der Kulturen, Basel: Middle Atlas Women’s wedding blankets, technical part and design study

Marcel Korolnik

Born in Zurich, Switzerland. Owns a Marketing & Communications Agency. Photographer. Collects Moroccan tribal carpets and weavings since the early 90s. Conducted field research of the Rehamna tribes with his wife Annette Korolnik from 1993 to 1998, collaborated in field study in the Anti Atlas. McMullan Award in 2002

Literary resume

1996 Contribution “The Plains around Marrakech” to the catalogue Museum Bellerive

1997 lecture Teppichfreunde Basel “Rehamna Carpets”

1998 Hali nr 99, “Fire and water”, Recent field research in the Plains around Marrakech 1999 ICOC Milan, lecture “Flatweaves and carpets from the Haouz” (design study)

2000 Catalogue Contribution Madrid “Memorized Desert – The Plains around Marrakech”

2000 Book review “Tasnacht” in Hali magazine

2001 lecture International Conference on Oriental Carpets, Marrakech

2002 lecture Teppichfreunde Basel/Switzerland, theme to be agreed upon

2002 Catalog contributions Indianapolis Museum of Art: “Salé hanbel”, “Plains around Marrakech”, “Zemmour weavings”

2002 lecture “Rugs and Weavings from the Haouz”, ACOR American Conference on Oriental Carpets, Indianapolis

2002: editor and co-author of publication “The Colour of Henna – Henna paintedTextiles from Southern Morocco” to go with the travelling exhibition

2003: lecture at Schloss Rheydt, Moenchengladbach “The red carpets from the Plains around Marrakech”

2003: lecture Freundeskreis orientalischer Teppiche und Textilien in Westfalen, (Kaiserslautern Kilim Exhibition, Germany), design study on flatwoven rugs and blankets from Morocco

2003: lecture at Museum der Kulturen, Basel: Middle Atlas Women’s wedding blankets, part tribal history, rituals and customs

Zurich, 15/11/03

N.B.

I first heard of the Korolniks from The American Pasha, William Russell Pickering. Pickering described the Korolniks as great collectors. That is not a description Russ is prone to use lightly. The Korolniks are collectors who have helped change the collecting paradigm and have made a difference by their collecting. JBOC

Notes on The Oguz Gushly Göl – Azeri, Ersary, Salyr, Sarik, Teke, Arabachy

The Gushly Göl

The breakup of the Oguz Turk confederation dates back for about for over 700 years. Therefore when we see shared design attributeswe know that the design predates the point at which the split occured. The three main Ohguz groups can best be defined by language group. The primary Ohuz descendents are the Norther Azeri, the southern Azeri, and the Turkmen. So when we see the design in both the Azeri groups and the Turkmen groups we know it is an Ohguz design.

Take for example the rug illustrated as plate 33 in Mackie, Louise & Thompson, Jon. Turkmen a 18th c. or earlier Turkish rug stolen from the Great Mosque in Divrigi mosque in Turkey (now believed to be in an English collection). This rug has a gul that bears a marked resemblence to the Gushly Göl/Teke Göl. So if these shared characteristics occur in Central Asia and in Turkey then it stands to reason that the Göl is a Turkmen Göl that predates the Ersari/Azeri (Saljuk/Saltuq) split in the 13th century.

Gushly Göl

The Gushly Göl (trade name – Gulli Gul) is the primary main carpet Göl of the Ersary Confederation including the breakaway Salyr and it’s offshoots including the Saryk and Teke.

Notes on The Rebellion of An Lu-shan

755-763: Rebellion of An Lu-shan also known as Anshi Rebellion.

Imperial expansion extended until 751 AD when the Chinese lost to Arab Moslems at the Battle of Talas. This was a crucial battle because it caused the Chinese to pull back. The loss of the outermost provinces weakened the Tang emperor Xuanzong. This brought on the rebellion of An Lushan which brought the Chinese borders back to the Great Wall and caused a gradual decline of Imperial power that lasted for 150 years.

Notes on The Rugs of Afghanistan

This is a copy of a book review that I did for Rug News. I am not aware of what editorial changes were made by my editor when they published it.

Most reviewers receive nice new (expensive) books from the publishers and write witty and entertaining reviews that serve only to attempt to show that the reviewer is smarter than the author. This is certainly not one of those reviews I am reviewing a battered and worn copy of a book my wife bought me a few years ago (I also do not feel terribly witty today). New when she bought it the book shows the signs of being used, read, studied and even loaned on countless occasions.

Of all my rug books this one has to be my favorite: “The Carpets of Afghanistan” by Richard Parsons. Parsons takes the rugs from Afghanistan and does more to untangle them than any 5 books of which I can think. Parson’s is one of those “Old Afghanistan Hands” who knows the country in such depth that he can explain it to the rest of us. Like some of the other “experts” I have written about such as Cecil Edwards and Jim Ford, Parsons was a buyer for OCM. As the Afghan buyer for a major rug company Parsons traveled Afghanistan on a regular basis. Parsons organized his book as he laid out his travels. The book is a rug tour across Afghanistan with chapters relating to market centers. If you remember that rule that Uncle Jimmy Keshishian taught me, the way to become an expert is to feel 10,000 of each kind of rug, you will understand the depth of knowledge a carpet buyer will gain traveling the same territory year after year seeing and examining thousands of carpets each trip. Parsons starts this journey in Kunduz in the eastern part of Afghanistan and then guides us through Mazar-I-Sharif and through Aq Chah, Shebererghan, Andkhoy, Daulutabad, Maimanna, Qaisar, Sharak, and then finishing up with the Baluch and related tribes in Herat. Parsons makes it understandable by using a market center rather than a tribal break down for the rugs and in the exceptions where it does not then Parsons explains the exceptions. He also mixes old and new samples so that we get a picture of changes in production in the twentieth century. What does this really matter to the guy selling the rugs? How can Richard Parsons make us any money? For years the rug trade has worked on two assumptions concerning the carpets of Afghanistan: One that everything is either an Afghan or a Baluch and two that there is no use in going any farther because it is too difficult to sort out the various types. By following Parsons book it becomes fairly simple to sort out seemingly very similar rugs. Take the Afghan rugs for instance. There is a world of difference between a simple rug like a Charchangi and a top rug like a Saltuq. But when we lump them all together as Afghans or Afghan Turkmen we drag them all down and make them less saleable. Face it, less saleable translates quickly into less profitable.

Years ago a Portland Oregon rug dealer (James Opie) ran a series of very humorous ads in Oriental Rug Review offering to buy Shiraz Rugs and to sell Qashqai, Khamseh, Afshar, etc… Of course what he was doing was buying Southwest Persian rugs under their general trade name Shiraz and classifying them as to who they were made by. What was obvious to him was that while a rug may have an inherent value as to beauty, color, and construction there is a significant increase in value by adding a proper attribution. The market may have smartened up with Shiraz rugs because it is common to see Southwest Persians sold by tribal designation and it has become difficult to find really nice inexpensive older Qashqai rugs selling for “Shiraz” prices in the market. However there are vast quantities of “Afghans” in the market in new, old, and antique categories and at very good prices. Parsons gives us the key to start to turn less valued rugs whose value is in their color, beauty, condition and age and make them more valuable in the market by attributing them properly.

One rather cynical old hand in the rug trade told me that most dealers would never get what I am talking about. He suggested that the belief is that “the value is in the rug” is so dominant in the rug business that many rug dealers would never believe me. That may be, but the truth has never suffered for lack of an audience. As I have mentioned from time to time I only sell over the Internet and by auction. There is nothing like a rug auction starting at a penny with no reserve to sort out the wheat from the chaff so to speak when it comes to the buyers behavior. When I get lazy and write less and put less information into the auction description the rugs sell for considerably less. Inversely when I use the auction as a teaching tool to educate the public about the rug, the country of origin, the weaver, and the weavers culture, then the rugs sell for much higher prices.

One hint that may serve you well when you use this book to attribute a rug is that when you are trying to match a rug you have to a picture look to the borders first and to the field design second. Especially with Turkmen rugs we tend to look to the Guls and they are all so similar that it seems impossible to match up with one of Parson’s pictures. However the borders are the key. Guls and in general field design changes in reaction to market pressures fairly quickly but borders are far slower to evolve. Of course structural details such as selvage and end finishes can be far better indicators but Parson’s does not give much in the way of structural details.

Perfect. no but certainly the best book on the rugs of Afghanistan. Well worth including in any short list of indispensable rug books.

Oriental Rugs : The Rugs of Afghanistan by R. D. Parsons,

Hardcover Revised edition (December 1992)

Antique Collectors Club; ISBN: 1851491449

Notes on The Textile Museum

The Textile Museum is a small private museum in Washington DC in two old houses formerly owned by George Hewitt Myers.

It is best to call first and find out what the exhibits are. At one point the museum focused primarily on carpets but now has shifted it’s focus to include fiber art, quilts, kimonos, fabric sculpture, and all sorts of crafts.

The Textile Museum

2320 S Street, NW, Washington

DC 20008-4088, USA

Seidman and Keshishian at the Textile Museum

Long time Trustee John Sommer on Kyrgyz felt at the TM

Perhaps the best part of the museum is the Saturday morning programs. It is best to call the museum and check the schedule for upcoming events. The dean of the Saturday morning speakers is Harold Keshishian. Here is a 5 part article that I did on just one of his programs. Any one Keshishian “Rug Morning” may easily eclipse everything else on display in the whole museum.

The new Director is Daniel Walker formerly of the Metropolitan Museum in New York.

John Russell Pope was the architect of the newer of the two buildings that make up the TM.

“From Kuba to Kars,” at the Textile Museum in 1994. Major show of flatwoven bags including some from the collection of Wendel Swan.

The Textile Museum’s Rug Convention1997

Carol Bier was Curator of Eastern Hemisphere Textiles at the Textile Museum in Washington DC. Carol is now a Research Associate at The Textile Museum and a faculty member, Maryland Institute College of Art.

Professor Walter Denny was formerly a trustee.

Long time Trustee John Sommer on Kyrgyz felt at the TM

Dragon Rugs: Prototypical Dragon Carpet Dated 1592

The honorable Stanley Owen Roth is currently a Trustee

Notes on Harold and Melissa Keshishian

Textile Museum RTAMs (Rug and Textile Appreciation Morning)

About 40 years ago the TM started a series of Saturday morning programs. I always used to call them Rug Mornings but recently they call them RTAMs for Rug and Textile Appreciation Morning. The way I heard the story was that the Museum needed to increase the number of visitors to qualify for Federal Grants. Harold Keshishian stepped up with an idea to have a series of Saturday morning programs as a community outreach

The guiding principle has been to interesting non-commercial programs. Many of the presenters are dealers but they are honor bound to keep it non-commercial. The audience is supposed to follow the same rules but there is one old eastern European woman who tries to do business there but she is generally ignored.

Here we have Virginia Delfico and the Honorable Harold Keshishian in front of the portrait of the founder George Hewitt Myers over the fireplace in his former dining room. Virginia ran the education Department for years and organized such things as the Rug and Textile Mornings that are so successful. Of course Harold was the one who came up with the idea and has been a mainstay of the program since the beginning.

Louise W. Mackie Curator of Textiles and Islamic Art at The Cleveland Museum of Art. Mackie is (past) president of the Textile Society of America and formerly a curator in the Textile Department of the Royal Ontario Museum. Mackie co-authored a number of TM classics such as Mackie & Thompson; Turkmen and “Masterpieces in the Textile Museum” by Mackie and Ann P. Rowe

Notes on The Towuk Nusga Göl – Yomud/Yomut, Chodor/Chowdur, Ersari, Arabachy

The Towuk Nusga Göl

There was a Yomut tribe but there was also a Yomut confederation. The Tauk Noska gul is used by the tribes of the Yomut confederation. The exception is the Chub Bash of the Ersari confederation. This would lend credence to the theory that the Chub Bash were in the Yomut confederation perhaps even as part of the Chowdur before splitting off and joining the Ersari Confederation.

Arabachy

Arabachy-Chodor ala Dr.Thompson

Arabachy-Chodor ala Dr.Thompson Page 2

Chowdur

W&W Rare Chowdur Main Carpet

Early Chowdur Main Carpet with Towuk Nusga Göl

Yomut

Nagel A rare Jomud main carpet

The Rippon Boswell Yomut Carpet

The Dodds Yomut Carpet

The Craycraft and Arabesque Early Karadashli main carpet

Ersari/Arsary

Mazar-i-Shariff Chub Bash Carpet

The Dodds Turkmen Ersary Carpet

Notes on The Turkmen Turret Gul – Salyr, Sarik, Teke

Turret Gul

Salor

Salor Juval Fragment

Saryk

The Thompson Saryk Turret Gul Juval Lot 26

Saryk. Ende 19.Jh Van-Ham

Saryk-Tschoval. 19. Jhdt Van-Ham

Auberginefarbigem Grund Saryk Van-Ham

Pair of Saryk Turkmen part silk and cotton chuvals W&W

Teke

Tekke Turret Gul Juval

The W&W Small Tekke Turkmen rug

The W&W Tekke Turret chuval C. 1900

Notes on Thomas Jefferson Barfield

Thomas Jefferson Barfield Ph.D.

Born 1950.

Barfield, Thomas Jefferson. The Central Asian Arabs of Afghanistan. 1981,

Barfield Page at BU

Barfield, Thomas J. and Szabo, Albert. Afghanistan. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1991

Barfield, Thomas J., Dr

Affiliation: Boston University, Anthropology

Work Address: 232 Bay State Road \ Boston, MA 02215 \ USA

Academic Degree: Ph.D., Harvard, Anthropology, 1978

Interests: Discipline(s): Anthropology, History, International Relations; Region(s): Afghanistan, Central Asia, China, Eastern Turkistan/Xinjiang, Eurasian Steppes, Mongolia; Specialty: nomadic peoples CESS – Membership Directory – A – G

Barfield, Thomas J.: The perilous frontier : nomadic empires and China. Cambridge, Mass. ; Oxford : Blackwell, 1989

Barfield, Thomas J. The Dictionary of Anthropology. Oxford, UK ; Malden, MA: Blackwell, 1997.

Barfield, Thomas J., review of

Peace, War, and Trade along the Great Wall: Nomadic-Chinese Interaction through Two Millennia by Sechin Jagchid and Van Jay Symons

Asia, 18 (1991) 241–243

Barfield, Thomas, J. “Pages 19-47”, in Empires: Perspectives from Archaeology and History, edited by Alcock, Susan, E. et al. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001, pp. 19-47.

Barfield, Thomas J. The Nomadic Alternative. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1993.

Barfield, Thomas J. Nomadic Alternative. Prentice Hall PTR

Notes on Thomas R. Stauffer

Tom was a true gentleman, rug collector, and expert on the Qashqai.

International oil water, and finance consultant

Prof. Emeritus

Has taught at:

Harvard University,

The Diplomatische Akademie in Vienna,

School of Foreign Service at Georgetown University.

Ph.D. Economics, Harvard University, 1971

Has Consulted To:

Executive office of the President,

The anti-trust unit of the Federal Trade Commission,

The International Energy Agency (Paris),

The UNDP

UNIDO

Journal: Middle East Policy, The Middle East Policy Council

“The Price of Peace: The Spoils of War,” 1/43;

“Economic Warfare in the Gulf,” 14/98;

“Economic Implications of Lost Trade Opportunities in the Middle East, Military and Commercial,” 16/9.

Symposium – Caspian oil: pipelines and politics.(The Caspian Region) ; Middle East Policy Starr, S. Federick; Stauffer, Thomas R.; Nanay, Julia; 01-01-1998

Exploration Risks and Mineral Taxation: How Fiscal Regimes Affect Exploration Incentives, by T.R. Stauffer and John C. Gault, (Special Tax Issue) 1985, 125-135 THE ENERGY JOURNAL

454.- RePEc:rje:bellje:v:12:y:1981:i:Autumn:p:392-412 A Critical Comparison of Utility-Type Ratemaking Methodologies in Oil Pipeline Regulation by Peter Navarro & Bruce C. Petersen & Thomas R. Stauffer RAND Journal of Economics. Bell Journal of Economics.

Ismail, Ibrahim A. H., Stauffer, Thomas R. Iraq Challenges Sanctions, Offers 4.5 Million B/D Developable Capacity. Oil and Gas Journal, April 10, 1995, p. 112-113; and Postsanction Plan Scheduled to Boost Iraqi Oil Production. Oil and Gas Journal, July 17, 1995, p. 22-24.

Stauffer, Thomas, and Frank Lennox, Accounting for Wasting Assets: Income Measurement for Oil and Mineral-Exporting Rentier States, Pamphlet Series of OPEC and the New International Economic Order, No. 25, November, 1984.

Peter Navarro, Bruce C. Petersen, and Thomas R. Stauffer. A Critical Comparison of Utility-Type Ratemaking Methodologies in Oil Pipeline Regulation

RePEc:rje:bellje:v:2:y:1971:i:Autumn:p:434-469 The Measurement of Corporate Rates of Return: A Generalized Formulation by Thomas R. Stauffer

Caspian Sea: Some See Iran Oil Route Unlikely

CASPIAN BASIN SEEN NOT REPLACING MIDDLE EAST AS OIL SOURCE

OPEC 200

Thomas Stauffer, “The Arab Oil Embargo of 1973” 27-28 MIDDLE EAST JOURNAL, Autumn 1998 (Vol.52, No.4)

“Oil Gasification & the Market Economy” by Tom Stauffer Middle East Insight Magazine. May-June 1999 OPEC, page 40.

SYMPOSIUM: The Caspian Region and the New Great Powers   David L. Goldwyn / Martha Brill Olcott / Julia Nanay / Thomas R. Stauffer

Symposium: The End of Dual Containment: Iraq, Iran and Smart Sanctions   K. Katzman / R. Murphy / F. Cameron / R. Litwak / G. Sick / T. Stauffer

Caspian Fantasy: Thomas R. Stauffer

Abstract – Thomas R. Stauffer Harvard University The “Great Man-Made River”

Alaska Permanent Fund Corporation – TP2-1

The UN report on Compensation Iraq should pay Kuwait

Volume 3, Issue 2 April, 1982 Pages 1-17 Coping with Supply …

Pipe Line & Gas Industry 11/97 Contents

Notes on Tina Kane

“Restoration From The Owner’s Viewpoint #1”, Chicago: Moderator ACOR II, 1996

“Restoration From The Owner’s Viewpoint #2”, Chicago: Moderator ACOR II, 1996

ACOR 2 … Tina Kane. Jim Klingner Ned Long. Robert Mann. Jim Opie. Paul Ramsey

Michael Rothberg. Holly Smith-Reynolds. Mike Tschebull. Panelists.

Kane, Tina and Sanford, Emily, “Restorers Sail on a New Tack”, Oriental Rug Review XII/5/28-29

#12 Restoration From The Owner’s Viewpoint #I.

Moderated by restorer Tina Kane, panel members Sharon Fenlon, Liz Callison Petillo, Bruce Hutchison and Ronnee Barnett will discuss the practical issues: when should a piece be repaired? How much restoration is needed? How should a rug be cleaned? And how does one determine the cost of repairs? (Saturday, 1:40 to 2:40 PM, Parkside Room.) ACOR 2

#15 Restoration From The Owner’s Viewpoint #2.

A panel consisting of restorers Richard Newman, Mary Rasmussen, Emily Sanford and Robert Mann, moderated by Tina Kane, will discuss the practical side of restoration: how to decide the amount of restoration needed. When to repair a piece. How to clean a rug. And how to decide what a restoration should cost. (Saturday, 2:50 to 3:50 PM, Parkside Room.) ACOR 2

Tina Kane:

Tina Kane is an Associate Conservator in the Textile Conservation Department at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, and principal of Tina Kane Textile Restoration & Conservation, with studios in Warwick, New York. She has worked part time at the Metropolitan Museum since 1978 and has run a freelance conservation studio since 1973.

Professional Organizations:

Textile Conservation Group, New York.

Textile Society of America.

American Institute of Conservators.

Conservation Online, Stanford University Libraries Preservation Department

Research:

San Francisco: Flemish tapestry in the collection of the Palace of the Legion of Honor, (Metropolitan Museum Travel grant).

France: Research on 15th century tapestries and cartoons in Paris, Troy and Beauvais.

The Netherlands: Examination of conservation facilities and tapestry collections in the Netherlands, Belgium, and France. (Research grant, Metropolitan Museum of Art).

Italy: Independent research in Rome and Florence of tapestry conservation facilities.

Turkey: Research in central Turkey on contemporary kilim production

Australia: Residency at the Victorian Tapestry Workshop, Melbourne.

Conferences Attended:

“Enduring Motifs, Evolving Practice: The Decorative Carpet from its 16th Century Atelier origins to the 20th Century Workshop,” New York University, 1999. Delivered a paper on carpet restoration.

Textile Society of America Symposium, New York, 1998. Delivered paper, “Design and Technology in Fifteenth Century Tapestry.”

American Institute of Conservators, Conference, Washington D.C., 1998.

TRON tapestry symposium, Amsterdam, 1995.

American Conference on Oriental Carpets. Chicago. Chair of panel on carpet restoration, Chicago, 1994.

American Conference on Oriental Carpets. Boston.

Panelist on carpet restoration, Boston, 1992.

Tina Kane Textile Conservation & Restoration

Trusted Resource List – Misc. – Tina Kane Textile Restoration & Conservation

Notes on Ulrich Schurmann

Studied law at the Universities of Munich, Berlin and Cologne. His love of Carpets became his profession; Antique rug dealer in Cologne, Germany.

Organized the first exhibition of Caucasian Rugs, 1961, in Hamburg and 1962 in Frankfurt.

Responsible for the first exhibition of the Joseph V. McMullan Collection in Europe, 1968, in Frankfurt.

Bilderbuch fur Teppichsammler, 1961

Caucasian Carpets, Braunschweig, 1964.

Schurmann, Ulrich. Central Asian Rugs.London UK: Allen and Unwin, 1996.

Oriental Carpets, Wiesbaden, 1963.

Central Asian Carpets, Frankfurt: Verlag Osterrieth, 1969.

Carpets from the Orient, Wiesbaden, 1974.

Schurmann, Ulrich. Caucasian Rugs

5 Star Guide To Oriental Rug Books

5 Star Guide To Oriental Rug Books

The Joseph V. McMullan Award

“Atypical Carpets”. Washington DC: ICOC 1980.

Schurmann, U. Caucasian Rugs. n.d.(1964), Allen & Unwin,

Schurmann, U. Oriental Carpets. 1966, Hamlyn,

Schurmann, U. Oriental Carpets. 1979, Octopus,

Schurmann, U.: Analysis of Caucasian Rugs ; 1976.

Schurmann, U.: Caucasian Rugs ; London: 1965.

Schurmann, Ulrich Islamische Teppiche (Islamic Rugs) Frankfurt 1968.

Schurmann, Ulrich: Kaukasische Teppiche ; Braunschweig: (1961).

Notes on Uwe Jourdan

Prominent Germany Rug expert and rug specialist at Stuttgarter Kunstauktionshaus Dr. Fritz Nagel (Nagel Auction House). Uwe Jourdan succeeded Doris Eder as the carpet specialist and over the years has become a significant stockholder in Dr. Fritz Nagel Kunstauktionshaus.

Expert on Turkmen Rugs.

Author of numerous works mostly in German.

Oriental Rugs, Vol. 5 Turkoman : Oriental Rugs. London UK: Antique Collectors Club, 1996

Jourdan, Uwe. Oriental Rugs Vol.5 Turkoman. Augsberg: 1988.

Jourdan, Uwe. Orientteppiche Band 4 Turkmenische Teppich (Turkoman Rugs). Munich: 1989.

Jourdan, Uwe. Oriental Rugs, Vol. 5 Turkoman : Oriental Rugs. London UK: Antique Collectors Club, 1996

A very important work on Turkmen rugs. If you are serious about Turkmen this is a must have.

Notes on Valentina Moshkova

Died in 1954.

Moschkova, V.G. Die Teppich der Volker Mittelasiens im Spaten XIX und XX Jahrhundert ; Hamburg: 1970.

Moshkova, V.G. edited by George W. O’Bannon: Carpets of the People of Central Asia. Tucson: 1996.

Moshkova, V.G.: (Gols on Turkoman Rugs) ; Germany: 1948.

Moshkova, Valentina: Kouri Narodov Srednei Azii (Folk Carpets of Central Asia) ; Tashkent: 1970.

Moshkova, V.G. edited by George W. O’Bannon. Carpets of the People of Central Asia. Tucson 1996

Moshkova, V.G. edited by George W. O’Bannon. Carpets of the People of Central Asia. Tucson 1996

Moshkova is controversial but this work is pivotal; in understanding Turkmen Rugs and Turkmen Rug scholarship.

Notes on Vojtech Blau

Vojtech Blau Deceased circa 2000

Blau had one of the great early Moghul carpets and when I did my paper on Mughal carpets I called him for permission to use a picture. I explained to him on the telephone that I was interested in his rug for an article on 16th century Mughal carpets. Ever the gentleman Blau explained to me that his carpet was 17th century . He knew this because Professor Dimand of the Metropolitan Museum of Art had examined the rug and had written that it was 17th century. I said, “I know what Professor Dimand has written but I believe that your rug is even older and more valuable then Dimand said”. There was a pause on the other end of the line and then Blau said, “that would be alright too”. Blau was a true gentleman and he will certainly be missed.

Vojtech Blau was one of New York city’s top rug dealers. In my dealings with him I have found him to be very gracious and a real gentleman.

Vojtech Blau Mughal Animal Carpet

Contributor: Black, David et al. The Atlas of Rugs & Carpets.

Aberrant Floral Forms in Classic Carpets

Tabriz Rugs: Vojtech Blau Tabriz Wagireh 1900 Sotheby’s Lot 19

Tabriz Rugs: Vojtech Blau Silk Tabriz Prayer Rug late 19th C Sotheby’s Lot 67

Notes on Wade G. Shehady Jr.

Son and grandson of carpet dealers and a great Pittsburgh carpet dealer in his own right. When I get stuck on attributing a rug I call Wade and get his opinion. If it is a really tough question he discusses it with his father. I really appreciate his help, his honesty, and his vast knowledge.

Shehady’s Oriental Rugs

Wade G. Shehady Jr.

135 Freeport Road, Pittsburgh, Pa. 15215

Notes on Wendel R. Swan

Wendel R. Swan is one of the worlds great Rug Experts and Collectors. Swan has developed a deep knowledge of Oriental rugs with a focus in a number of areas including and especially Shahsavan rugs

Chinese Art: Ming Dais Cover from the Swan Collection

Wendel R. Swan Chair, Local Organizing Committee ICOC X Washington DC 2003.

Former President of the “International Hajji Baba”.

Executive Director of The ICOC Association for North America and the Pacific Rim,

Former President Washington Textile Group

Former Board Member ACOR

Practiced law in Rock Island, Illinois

Member – Mount Vernon-Lee Chamber of Commerce

Speaker at ICOC, ACOR, TM rug appreciation mornings and TM Rug Convention.

Beetle Bags Still Bug Me, by Wendel R. Swan, Oriental Rug Review, Vol 14/6.

Discussion – Wendel Swan sets me straight on OCTS – 03/10/2000

Discussion – Swan on Zoroastrian Textiles – 03/20/2000

Swan’s great weakness is that he does not write more. If he would sit down and dash off a book his considerable contribution to rug studies would be that much greater. It is a shame he does not publish his collection. Maybe for ICOC in Washington he will share with the world.

DCRRC – POTOMAC WEST TURKEY TROT Thanksgiving 1997 5 Miles 421st place Wendel Swan age 54, Time 40:46

The Swan lectures at the Smithsonian

Oriental Rugs: Woven Treasures Wed., June 28-Aug. 2, 6 p.m.

JUN 28 History and Collecting

JUL 5 The Carpet as Islamic Art

JUL 12 Nomadic and Village Rugs: Caucasian and Persian

JUL 19 Nomadic and Village Rugs: Turkish, Turkmen, and Belouch

AUG 2 Things You Need to Know

What was the Silk Route?

ACADEMIC SESSION – ABSTRACTS ICOC 9 Milan

Wendel R. Swan

Shasevan Pile Weaving

I will make a detailed, comparative analysis of several pile rugs and bags which share patterns, composition, materials and color palette with well-known flatwoven weavings known to be products of the Shasevan. In addition to the usual technical descriptions (design, colors, color palette, knot count, spin and ply, type of knot, depression of warp), this paper will include a discussion of the importance of:

– khordjin closure systems

– the presence or absence of certain fibers (specifically camel hair and goat hair)

– comparing the flatwoven backs of soumac bags with the backs of pile bags

– selvedge techniques

– end finishes

– the presence of sinuous warps

I will also distinguish Shasevan pile work from that of other groups in the geographic regions occupied by the Shasevan, but whose structural characteristics at this time preclude a Shasevan attribution.

Wendel R. Swan

Constructing the Lesghi Star Design

I will propose to discuss the origin and design construction of the Lesghi star (and related border designs in Central Anatolian rugs). The Lesghi star appears for the first time in the second half of the 19th Century in Caucasian pile and sumak carpets. It can also be found on Shasevan sumak bags, but it seems not to have evolved from any other design and it does not appear in the products of other Turkic speaking peoples. One does not find it, for example, in South Persian, Turkmen or Belouch weavings.

Notes on Zahiruddin Muhammad Babur

Babur was a minor Timurid Prince forced out of his home by the Uzbek invasions around 1500 AD. He was able to establish himself as King of Kabul and through luck, daring, and skill he founded the Mughal Empire in India. He was the Father of Humayan who was also Mughal Padishah. Babur’s greatest achievement may be literary. He wrote a journal that kept careful track of his life and adventures. It is called the Baburnama.

He is considered Padishah of Northern India 1526 – 1530

Babur, Zahiruddin Muhammad. Baburnama

Babar died in Agra and according to his wishes his body was entombed in Kabul.

Timurid Prince Zahiruddin Babur made his way to Kabul, where he established himself as king. He and his descendants eventually established what we call the Mughal Empire, which took in at various times most of present day Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India.