Karabagh Kasim Ushak (Kazanbulak) Rugs & Carpets
Where is Kasim Ushak?
In his Review of Caucasian Carpets and Covers Dr. Murray Eiland Jr. MD wrote:
“Another plate from the same source depicts a “Karabagh District pile rug, Kurdistan area, Kasym Ushagy village.” This attribution raises more questions than it answers. Is there a village of that name, and, if so, where is it? The authors have included seven maps, most of which deal with the distribution of various ethnic groups, but there are no maps indicating the location of villages or towns. Not only is there a substantial series of Kasim Ushag rugs with Armenian inscriptions, but a translation of this label by Armenians indicates that it means, “in the manner of Ushak.” Is the 1928 lithograph merely that of a commercial pattern, or does it relate to the Kasim Ushag rugs collected in the West today?”
I conducted a detailed search of the place names in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. There is an Ushak in the Kuba area. However the only name even vaguely similar is Kazanbulak.
Ulrich Schurmann attributed Kasim Ushak rugs to the “isolated Kurdish tribes” of Karabagh. Caucasian Rugs page 40. Schurmann did not specify a particular town or village.
In Oriental Rugs Volume 1 Caucasian.makes the observation that Kasim Ushak are indistinguishable from Chelaberd rugs. Kazanbulak is a neighboring town to Chelaberti (Chelaberd) in the northern most area of Karabagh (Nagorno Karabahk).
Eiland & Eiland argue for an Armenian provenance rather than a Kurdish one. Two very interesting clue they offer are the great number of Kasim Ushaks with Armenian inscriptions and perhaps more significantly the incidence of packing cables. Oriental Rugs A Complete Guide page 24. These are heavy cabled wefts at irregular intervals used to hammer down to keep the rug straight and compact. This technique is rare except in carpets such as Dragon Carpets.
Examples:
Karabagh Kasim Ushak Rug, circa 1890
A Kasim Ushag long rug, circa 1890
Size: 8 ft. 7 in. x 4 ft. 3 in.
Karabagh Kasim Ushak Rug, circa 1890
Size: 7 ft. 7 in. x 4 ft.
Description: Partially oxidized browns. Circa 1890.
Chateau de Gourdon Karabagh Kasim Ushak Rug, circa 1890
Kasim Ushag Rug, West Caucasus
Size: 8 ft. 5 in. x 4 ft. 4 in.
Karabagh Kasim Ushak Rug, 1st quarter 20th century
Origin: South Caucasus, Karabagh Region, 1st quarter 20th century
Size: 234 x 136 cm
Notes: Sides rewoven; original flat-woven ends. Corroded brown, some minor restoration, otherwise in good condition.
Karabagh Kasim Ushak Rug
Origin: America
Era: 19th Century
Height: 7 ft. 7 in. x 5 ft. 2 in.
Description: Kasim Ushag design in maroon, ivory, midnight blue, gold, red, camel, and blue-green. A royal blue field contains a narrow ivory “crab” border. There are small areas of wear and a guard stripe partially missing from one end. There are also dye runs throughout the rug.
Kasim Ushak Karabagh Carpet
Size: 4 ft. x 8 ft.
Kasim Ushak Carpet, Karabagh Region
Origin: South Caucasus, Karabagh Region, late 19th century
Size: 330 x 125 cm
Condition: Both ends re-knotted. Overcast selvages. Corroded browns.
Kasim Ushag Rug
Kasim Ushag Rug, Southwest Caucasus, circa 1890.
Size: 7 ft. 7 in. x 4 ft.
Description: Partially oxidized browns.